Central economic region
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2008-06-27T10:50:41Z
BanRay
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/* Socio-economic indicators */ rm copyvio
'''Central economic region''' ({{lang-ru|Центра́льный экономи́ческий райо́н}}, ''Tsentralny ekonomichesky rayon'') is one of twelve [[economic regions of Russia]].
[[Image:Central economic region.png|thumb|250px|right|Central economic region on the map of Russia]]
Area: 484,000 km²; population: 30.5 million ([[Russian Census (2002)|2002 Census]]). Average [[population density]]—63/km². Over 80% of the population is urban.
Central economic region is located in the central portion of the [[Europe]]an part of [[Russia]]. A great number of automobile and railroads intersect on the territory of this region.
This flat, rolling country, with [[Moscow]] as its center, forms a major industrial region. Besides Moscow, major cities include [[Nizhny Novgorod]], [[Smolensk]], [[Yaroslavl]], [[Vladimir]], [[Tula, Russia|Tula]], [[Dzerzhinsk, Russia|Dzerzhinsk]], and [[Rybinsk]]. Trucks, ships, railway rolling stock, machine tools, electronic equipment, cotton and woolen textiles, and chemicals are the principal industrial products. The [[Volga River|Volga]] and [[Oka River]]s are the major water routes, and the Moscow–Volga and [[Don River (Russia)|Don]]–Volga]] canals link Moscow with the [[Caspian Sea|Caspian]] and [[Baltic Sea]]s. Many rail lines serve the area<ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/65/ru/Russia.html Russia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-07<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.
==Composition==
Central economic region comprises the following [[federal subjects of Russia|federal subjects]]:
*[[Bryansk Oblast]]
*[[Ivanovo Oblast]]
*[[Kaluga Oblast]]
*[[Kostroma Oblast]]
*[[Moscow Oblast]]
*[[Oryol Oblast]]
*[[Ryazan Oblast]]
*[[Smolensk Oblast]]
*[[Tula Oblast]]
*[[Tver Oblast]]
*[[Vladimir Oblast]]
*[[Yaroslavl Oblast]]
*[[Federal cities of Russia|Federal city]] of [[Moscow]]
==Economy==
Central economic region specializes in [[machine building]], [[chemical industry|chemical]] and [[textile industry|textile industries]]. Long-fibered [[flax]], [[potato]]es, and [[vegetable]]s are the most typical of the region's [[agriculture]]. [[Cattle breeding]] for [[milking]] is also common.
The machine building industry is mostly science-intensive. Instrument-making, radio, electrotechnic, and electronic production prevail. Companies manufacturing metal-working machines and instruments, [[steam boiler]]s, [[turbine]]s, current generators, and electric motors are concentrated in this region.
Cities of [[Bryansk]], Moscow, and [[Serpukhov]] are the centers of car-building industry. Trains and train cars are manufactured in [[Kolomna]], [[Lyudinovo]], and [[Murom]]. [[Rybinsk]] is a [[shipbuilding]] center of the region. Tractors and other agricultural machinery are produced in [[Bezhetsk]], [[Lyubertsy]], [[Ryazan]], [[Tula, Russia|Tula]], and [[Vladimir]].
Chemical industry includes the production of synthetic [[plastic]]s (in Moscow, [[Novomoskovsk, Russia|Novomoskovsk]], [[Orekhovo-Zuyevo]], [[Vladimir]]), chemical [[fiber]]s (in [[Klin]], Ryazan, Tver), rubber resin and [[tire]]s (in Moscow, [[Yaroslavl]], [[Yefremov]]), and fertilizers (in [[Dorgobuzh]], Novomoskovsk, [[Polpino]], [[Shchyokino]], [[Voskresensk]]).
Textile industry is the traditional industry of the region. Most of the production is concentrated in Ivanovo, Kostroma, and Moscow Oblasts, manufacturing a wide variety of fabrics.
While the region imports most of the raw metals, [[metallurgy]] is still somewhat developed. There are metallurgical plants in [[Elektrostal]], Moscow, and in Tula Oblast.
[[Electric power]] is generated by [[fossil fuel power plant|fossil fuel]]s and [[nuclear power plant]]s. Fossil fuel ([[oil]], [[natural gas]], coal) are mostly imported from other regions of Russia (mostly from [[Komi Republic]], [[Povolzhye economic region|Povolzhye]], and [[West Siberian economic region|West Siberia]]).
Other developed industries include manufacturing of [[footwear]], [[pottery]] (including [[porcelain]]), [[glass]], [[cement]], construction materials, as well as [[food industry|food]] and [[wood processing]] industries.
Region's [[temperate|temperate zone]] [[climate]] allows for growing of a great variety of [[agriculture|crops]]. As the [[soil]]s are mostly of [[podsol]]ic and grey forest types, [[melioration]] and [[fertilizer|fertilizing]] are often employed to improve the crop yields.
==Natural resources==
Most common natural resources of the region include [[phosphorite]]s, [[brown coal]] (in Moscow Oblast), construction materials, and [[peat]] (Moscow, Tver, and Yaroslavl Oblasts).
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Economic regions of Russia]]
[[fr:Région économique centrale]]
[[ga:Réigiún Eacnamaíochta Láir]]
[[nl:Centrale economische regio]]
[[ru:Центральный экономический район]]