Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel 1995587 215947508 2008-05-30T11:56:50Z Rockfang 5403270 clean up, Replaced: {{FootnotesSmall|resize=100%}} → <references/> using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] {{Infobox Scientist |name = Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel |box_width = |image =Mirbel, Charles-François Brisseau de 1776-1854.jpg |image_width =200px |caption =Portrait of Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel |birth_date = [[27 March]] [[1776]] |birth_place = [[Paris]] |death_date = [[12 September]] [[1854]] |death_place = |residence = |citizenship = |nationality = [[France|French]] |ethnicity = |field = [[botanist]] and [[politician]] |work_institutions = |alma_mater = |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = [[cytology]] |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |prizes = |religion = |footnotes = |signature = }} '''Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel''' ([[27 March]] [[1776]] &ndash; [[12 September]] [[1854]]) was a [[France|French]] [[botanist]] and [[politician]]. He was a founder of the science of plant [[cytology]]. A native [[Paris]]ian, at the age of twenty, he became an assistant-naturalist with the French [[Muséum national d'histoire naturelle|National Museum of Natural History]]. While there he began to examine plant tissue under a microscope. In 1802, Mirbel published his treatise ''Traité d'anatomie et de physiologie végétale'' which established his position as a founder of [[cytology]], plant [[histology]] and [[plant physiology]] in France. He proposed that all plant tissue is modified from [[parenchyma]] (supporting tissue). His observation, in 1809, that each plant cell is contained in a continuous membrane, remains a central contribution to cytology. In 1803, Mirbel obtained the post of superintendent of the gardens of Napoleon's [[Château de Malmaison]]. There he studied and published on structure of plant tissue and the development of plant organs. He also studied and described the [[genus]] ''[[Marchantia]]'' of [[Marchantiophyta|liverwort]]s. His 1802 treatise and these publications enabled him, in 1808, to join the [[French Academy of Sciences]] and to become the chair of the botany department of the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]]. His combined tissue studies were published in 1815 as ''Eléments de physiologie végétale et de botanique''. With the [[Bourbon Restoration]], Mirbel's friend [[Élie, duc Decazes]], then Minister of Interior, offered him the post of Secretary General. But the fall of the government in 1829, marked the end of Mirbel's political career, and he returned to a position with the National Museum of Natural History as head of the ''[[Jardin des Plantes]]'' in [[Paris]], and eventually became the Director of Culture (chaire de culture) for the museum. Mirbel was elected a foreign member of the British [[Royal Society]] of [[London]] in [[1837]]. In 1823 Mirbel married Lizinska Aimée Zoé Rue, a French painter of [[Portrait miniature|miniatures]]. He died in Champerret, [[France]] in 1854. The plant [[genus]] ''[[Mirbelia]]'' is named in his honor. <div class="notice metadata" id="spoiler" style="border-top:2px solid #ddd; border-bottom:2px solid #ddd;"><center >The standard [[Binomial nomenclature#Authorship in scientific names|botanical author abbreviation]] '''Mirb.''' is applied to plants described by this [[botanist]], which abbreviation also appears on [[List of botanists by author abbreviation|this list]].</center ></div > ==Selected works== * ''Traité d'anatomie et de physiologie végétale'', 1802 * ''Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière de plantes'', 1802-1806 * ''Exposition de la théorie de l'organisation végétale'', 1809 * ''Éléments de physiologie végétale et de botanique'', 1815 ==References== <!--<nowiki> See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the<ref> and </ref> tags, and the template below. </nowiki>--> <references/> * Gillispie, Charles Coulston (ed.) (1970) "Mirbel, Charles Francois Brisseau De (1776-1854)" ''Dictionary of Scientific Biography: Volumes I-XIV'' Charles Scribner's Sons, New York; ::''This article is based in part on material from the [[:fr:Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel|French Wikipedia]]''. {{DEFAULTSORT:Brisseau de Mirbel}} [[Category:Botanists with author abbreviations]] [[Category:French botanists]] [[Category:1776 births]] [[Category:1854 deaths]] [[bg:Шарл-Франсоа Брисо дьо Мирбел]] [[de:Charles François Brisseau de Mirbel]] [[es:Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel]] [[fr:Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel]] [[pt:Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel]] [[zh:夏尔-弗朗索瓦·布里索·米贝尔]]