Chest 53236 223990580 2008-07-06T21:10:46Z SieBot 4005189 robot Adding: [[ms:Dada]] {{otheruses4|the anatomical term}}{{Refimprove|date=June 2008}} [[Image:Thoracic landmarks anterior view.svg|thumb|Chest anatomy]] The '''chest''' is a part of the [[anatomy]] of humans and various other animals sometimes referred to as the [[thorax]]. ==Chest anatomy - Humans and other hominids== {{Unreferencedsection|date=June 2008}} {{Prose|date=June 2008}} In [[Hominidae|hominid]]s, the '''chest''' is the region of the body between the [[neck]] and the [[abdomen]], along with its internal [[Organ (anatomy)|organs]] and other contents. It is mostly protected and supported by the [[ribcage]], [[vertebral column|spine]], and [[shoulder]] girdle. Contents of the chest include the following: *organs **[[heart]] **[[lungs]] *muscles [[Image:Chest labeled.png|thumb|right|300px|An [[X-ray]] of a human chest area, with some structures labeled]][[Image:Male Chest by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|Photograph of a male chest and abdomen]] **[[Pectoralis major muscle|major]] and [[Pectoralis minor muscle|minor]] pectoral muscles **[[trapezius muscle]]s and [[neck]] *internal structures **[[diaphragm (anatomy)|diaphragm]] **[[esophagus]] **[[Vertebrate trachea|trachea]] **[[xiphoid process]] *arteries and veins **[[aorta]] **[[superior vena cava]] **[[inferior vena cava]] **[[pulmonary artery]] *bones **the shoulder socket containing the upper part of the [[humerus]] **[[scapula]] **[[sternum]] **[[Thoracic vertebrae|thoracic portion of the spine]] **[[collarbone]] **[[ribcage]] **[[Floating rib]]s *external structures **[[nipple]]s **[[mammary gland]]s *thoracic abdomen ([[stomach]], [[kidney]]/[[adrenal]], [[pancreas]], [[spleen]], and lower [[oesophagus]]) In humans, the portion of the chest protected by the ribcage is also called the [[thorax]]. ==Chest anatomy - Other animals== [[Image:Tsetse_fly.png|thumb|Drawing of an insect indicating position of the thorax]] In insects and other creatures with an [[exoskeleton]], the area corresponding to the chest is called the [[thorax]]. In four legged mammals, the mammary glands and nipples are located closer to the back legs, and are therefore not part of the chest. Otherwise, the anatomy contains similar internal organs in different configurations. == Chest injury == Injury to the chest (also referred to as chest trauma, thoracic injury, or thoracic trauma) results in up to ¼ of all deaths due to [[Physical trauma|trauma]] in the United States.<ref>Shahani, Rohit, MD. (2005). [http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2916.htm Penetrating Chest Trauma]. ''eMedicine''. Retrieved 2005-02-05.</ref> <!-- work in progress, more to come In the [[human body]], the '''chest''' is the body region between the [[neck]] and [[diaphragm]] in the front of the body. The corresponding area in an animal can be referred to as the chest. The chest holds many important internal, and is protected by the [[ribcage]]. It is important to realize that the shape of the chest does not correspond to that of the bony [[thorax]] which encloses the [[heart]] and [[lungs]]; all the breadth of the shoulders is due to the shoulder girdle, and contains the [[axilla]] and the head of the [[humerus]]. In the middle line the [[suprasternal notch]] is seen above, while about three fingers' breadth below it a transverse ridge can be felt, which is known as [[Ludovic's angle]] and marks the junction between the manubrium and gladiolus of the [[sternum]]. Level with this line the second ribs join the sternum, and when these are found the lower ribs may be easily counted in a moderately thin subject. At the lower part of the sternum, where the seventh or last true ribs join it, the ensiform [[cartilage]] begins, and over this there is often a depression popularly known as the pit of the [[stomach]]. The [[nipple]] in the male is situated in front of the fourth rib or a little below; vertically it lies a little external to a line drawn down from the middle of the [[clavicle]]; in the female it is not so constant. A little below it the lower limit of the great pectoral muscle is seen running upward and outward to the axilla; in the female this is obscured by the [[breast]], which extends from the second to the sixth rib vertically and from the edge of the sternum to the mid-axillary line laterally. The female nipple is surrounded for half an inch by a more or less pigmented disc, the [[areola]]. The apex of a normal heart is in the fifth left intercostal space, three and a half inches from the mid-line. :<i>(This section was adapted from an old encyclopedia)</i> --> == References == {{Reflist}} ==See also== {{Commonscat}} {{wiktionary}} *[[Thoracic cavity]] *[[Pectus excavatum]] *[[Pectus carinatum]] *[[Breast]] *[[Chest hair]] *[[Barechested]] {{human anatomical features}} {{Torso general}} {{anatomy-stub}} [[Category:Thorax]] [[ar:صدر]] [[cs:Hrudník]] [[de:Brust]] [[id:Dada]] [[pam:Salu]] [[lt:Krūtinė]] [[ln:Bontólo]] [[ms:Dada]] [[ja:胸]] [[qu:Qhasqu]] [[simple:Chest]] [[sk:Hrudník]] [[sl:Prsni koš]] [[fi:Rinta]] [[sv:Bröst (könsneutralt)]] [[tl:Dibdib]] [[th:ทรวงอก]] [[yi:ברוסט]]