Chin Na 324179 217029116 2008-06-04T08:56:47Z Jmcw37 2729437 wiki syntax {{Refimprove|date=March 2008}} {{Nofootnotes|date=March 2008}} '''Chin Na''' or '''Qinna''' (擒拿, [[pinyin]]: qín ná, [[Wade-Giles]]: ch'in<sup>2</sup> na<sup>2</sup>) is a [[Chinese language|Chinese]] term describing techniques used in the [[Chinese martial arts]] that control or lock an opponents joints or muscles/tendons so he cannot move, thus neutralizing their fighting ability. Also ''chin na su'', su meaning ''technique'' (actually {{zh-tp|t=術|p=shù}}). Chin na su literally means ''technique of catching and locking'' in Chinese. Some schools simply use the word ''na'' to describe the techniques. While techniques along the lines of chin na are trained to some degree by most [[martial arts]] worldwide, many Chinese martial arts are famous for their specialization in such applications. Styles such as ''[[Eagle Claw]]'' (Yīng zhua quán 鷹爪拳), which includes 108 different chin na techniques, ''Praying Mantis'' (Tánglángquán 螳螂拳) and the "Tiger Claw" techniques of ''[[Hung Gar]]'' (洪家) are well known examples. Though they do not use the Chinese name of Chin Na, many of the [[Japanese martial arts]] (or [[budo]]) also utilize techniques of locking, trapping and breaking. Chin Na can generally be categorized (in Chinese) as: #"Fen Jin" or "Zhua Jin" (dividing the muscle/tendon, grabbing the muscle/tendon). "Fen" means "to divide", "Zhua" is "to grab" and "Jin" means "tendon, muscle, sinew". They refer to techniques which tear apart an opponent's muscles or tendons. #"Cuo Gu" (misplacing the bone). "Cuo" means "wrong, disorder" and "Gu" means "bone". Cuo Gu therefore refer to techniques which put bones in wrong positions and is usually applied specifically to joints. #"Bi Qi" (sealing the breath). "Bi" means "to close, seal or shut" and "Qi", or more specifically "Kong Qi", meaning "air". "Bi Qi" is the technique of preventing the opponent from inhaling. This differs from mere strangulation in that it may be applied not only to the windpipe directly but also to muscles surrounding the lungs, supposedly to shock the system in to a contraction which impairs breathing. #"Dian Mai" or "Dian Xue" (sealing the vein/artery or acupressue cavity). Similar to the Cantonese "Dim Mak", these are the technique of sealing or striking blood vessels and "Qi" points. ''Chin'' means to seize or trap, ''na'' means to lock or break, and while those actions are very often executed in that order (trap then lock), the two actions can also be performed distinctly in training and self defense. Which is to say, a trap isn't always followed by a lock or break, and a lock or break is not necessarily set up by a trap. There is quite a bit of overlap between Chin Na theory and technique with the branches of [[traditional Chinese medicine]] known as [[tui na]] (推拏) as well as the use of offensive and defensive [[Qigong|ch'i kung]] as an adjunct of chin na training in some styles. ==See also== * [[Armlock]] * [[Grappling hold]] * [[Joint lock]] * [[Leglock]] * [[Pressure points]] * [[Small joint manipulation]] * [[Spinal lock]] * [[Varma Kalai]] * [[Wristlock]] * [[Yue Fei]] * [[Zhou Tong (archer)]] ==External links== * [http://www.kungfulibrary.com/shaolin-chin-na.htm Authentic Shaolin Chin Na - Liu Jin Sheng. CHIN NA FA: Skill of Catch and Hold /Shanghai, 1936/(Translated from Chinese)] * [http://www.chenstyle.com/methods/techniques/tech3.html Chen style Tajiquan's characteristic chin na technique] * [http://www.lvshaolin.com/jointlocking.php Shaolin Chin Na Demo] [[Category:Chinese martial arts terms]] [[Category:Chinese martial arts]] [[es:Chin Na]] [[fr:Qinna]] [[it:Qinna]] [[nl:Chin na]] [[ja:擒拿]] [[pl:Qinna]] [[pt:Chin na]]