Chlorine pentafluoride 2059470 222922124 2008-07-01T19:23:28Z Shanes 94147 rm test {{Chembox new | Name = Chlorine pentafluoride | ImageFile = Chlorine-pentafluoride-2D-dimensions.png | ImageFile1 = Chlorine-pentafluoride-3D-vdW.png | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = 13637-63-3 }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = ClF<sub>5</sub> | MolarMass = 130.45 g mol<sup>−1</sup> | MeltingPt = −103 °C | BoilingPt = −13.1 °C }} | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | DeltaHf = −238.49 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> | Entropy = 310.73 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup><!-- | [[Heat capacity]] C<sub>p</sub> | 89.16 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>--> }} }} '''Chlorine pentafluoride''' has formula ClF<sub>5</sub>. It was first synthesized in 1963.<ref>{{cite journal |author = Smith D. F. | title = Chlorine Pentafluoride | journal = [[Science]] | year = 1967 | volume = 141 | issue = 3585 | pages = 1039–1040 | doi = 10.1126/science.141.3585.1039 | pmid = 17739492}}</ref> Its square pyramidal structure with C<sub>4v</sub> symmetry was confirmed by its high resolution<sup>19</sup>F NMR spectrum.<ref name=Pilipovich>{{cite journal |author = Pilipovich, D., Maya, W., Lawton, E.A., Bauer, H.F., Sheehan, D. F., Ogimachi, N. N., Wilson, R. D., Gunderloy, F. C., Bedwell, V. E. | title = Chlorine pentafluoride. Preparation and Properties | journal = [[Inorganic Chemistry]] | year = 1967 | volume = 6 | issue = 10 | pages = 1918 | doi = 10.1021/ic50056a036}}</ref> ==Preparation== Initially, a common method for synthesis of this [[hypervalent molecule]] was to react [[chlorine trifluoride|ClF<sub>3</sub>]] with [[fluorine|F<sub>2</sub>]] at high temperatures and high pressures. Also, reacting metal fluorides, MClF<sub>4</sub> (i.e. KClF<sub>4</sub>, RbClF<sub>4</sub>, CsClF<sub>4</sub>) with F<sub>2</sub> produced ClF<sub>5</sub> and the corresponding MF.{{ref_label|Pilipovich|1|}} In 1981, researchers found that [[nickel(II) fluoride|NiF<sub>2</sub>]] is an excellent catalyst for generating ClF<sub>5</sub>.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Šmalc, A., Žemva, B., Slivnik, J., and Lutar K. | title = On the Synthesis of Chlorine Pentafluoride | journal = Journal of Fluorine Chemistry | year = 1981 | volume = 17 | pages = 381–383 | doi = 10.1016/S0022-1139(00)81783-2}}</ref> ==Reactions== ClF<sub>5</sub> reacts readily with water to produce [[fluorine perchlorate|FClO<sub>4</sub>]] and [[hydrogen fluoride|HF]]. It also a strong fluorinating agent. While unreactive with first row [[nonmetal]]s except carbon, it reacts readily with second and third row nonmetals at room temperature except [[chlorine]].<ref name=Pilipovich /> ==See also== * [[Hypervalent molecule]] ==References== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==External links== *[http://www.npi.gov.au/database/substance-info/profiles/44.html National Pollutant Inventory - Flouride and compounds fact sheet] *[http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C13637633 WebBook page for ClF5] [[Category:Fluorides]] [[Category:Chlorine compounds]] [[Category:Interhalogen compounds]] [[Category:Rocket oxidizers]] [[ru:Пентафторид хлора]]