Clinical pathology 3677144 221227296 2008-06-23T16:40:34Z Sinamore 5474281 [[Image:Blood film 01.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Hematology]]: [[Blood]] smears on a glass slide, stained and ready to be examined under the microscope.]] [[Image:Blood smear.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Hematology]]: microscopic image of a normal [[blood]] smear. a:[[erythrocytes]], b:[[neutrophil]], c:[[eosinophil]], d:[[lymphocyte]].]] [[Image:Enterobacter cloacae 01.png|thumb|200px|right|[[Bacteriology]]: [[Agar]] plate with bacterial colonies.]] [[Image:Gram escherichia coli und micrococcus luteus.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Bacteriology]]: microscopic image of a mixture of two types of [[bacteria]] stained with the [[Gram stain]].]] [[Image:Konelab60i.png|thumb|200px|right|[[Clinical chemistry]]: an automated blood chemistry analyser.]] [[Image:Struvite crystals dog 1.JPG|thumb|200px|right|[[Clinical chemistry]]: microscopic image of crystals in [[urine]].]] <!-- The onlyinclude markups are needed for proper transclusion in [[Pathology]]; please do not remove --> <onlyinclude>{{spinout/title|Clinical pathology}} is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the [[Medical laboratory|laboratory]] analysis of [[bodily fluid]]s such as [[blood]] and [[urine]], using the tools of [[clinical chemistry|chemistry]], [[Clinical microbiology|microbiology]], [[hematology]] and [[molecular pathology]]. Clinical pathologist work in close collaboration with [[medical technologist]]s. Clinical pathology is itself divided in subspecialties, the main ones being [[clinical chemistry]], [[Hematology|clinical hematology]]/[[blood banking]] and [[clinical microbiology]]. Clinical pathology is one of the two major divisions of {{spinout/link|pathology}}, the other being [[anatomical pathology]]. Often, {{spinout/link|pathology as a medical specialty|pathologists}} practice both anatomical and clinical pathology, a combination known as [[general pathology]]. Similar specialties exist in [[veterinary pathology]]. </onlyinclude> == Licensing and subspecialties == The [[American Board of Pathology]] certifies clinical pathologists, and recognizes the following secondary specialties of clinical pathology: * [[clinical chemistry|Chemical pathology]], also called [[clinical chemistry]] * [[Hematopathology]] * [[Blood banking]] - [[Transfusion medicine]] * [[Clinical microbiology]] * [[Cytogenetics]] * [[Molecular genetics]] pathology. In some countries other subspecialties are under certified clinical pathologists responsibility: * [[Assisted reproductive technology]], [[Sperm bank]] and [[Semen analysis]] * [[Immunopathology]] In some countries in [[South-America]], [[Europe]], [[Africa]] or [[Asia]], this specialty can be exercised by non-physicians, such Pharm.D or Vet.D after a variable number of year of [[residency]]. For example, in France, Clinical Pathology is called Medical Biology ("Biologie médicale") is both exercized by M.D. and Pharm.D and this residency lasts four years. ==See also== * [[Pathology]] * [[Medical laboratory]] * [[Anatomic pathology]] * [[Medical technologist]] * [[Veterinary pathology]] * [[Biological pharmacist]] * [[ARUP Laboratories]] * [[Residency (pharmacy)]] ==External links== * [http://www.ascp.org American Society for Clinical Pathology] * [http://www.abpath.org/default.aspx American Board of Pathology] * [http://www.cap.org College of American Pathologists] {{Pathology}} [[Category:Pathology]] [[de:Laboratoriumsmedizin]] [[fr:Biologie médicale]] [[it:Patologia clinica]] [[nl:Klinische biologie]] [[pt:Patologia clínica]]