Colubrid
241383
224100343
2008-07-07T08:56:18Z
Hwoarang17
6378682
/* Classification */
{{Taxobox
| name = Colubrids
| image = Coluber caspius.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Caspian Whipsnake<br/>''[[Coluber caspius|Coluber (Dolichophis) caspius]]''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| subphylum = [[Vertebrata]]
| classis = [[Sauropsid]]a
| subclassis = [[Diapsida]]
| infraclassis = [[Lepidosauromorpha]]
| superordo = [[Lepidosauria]]
| ordo = [[Squamata]]
| infraordo = [[Serpentes]]
| familia = '''Colubridae'''
| samilia_authority =
| subdivision_ranks = [[Subfamilies]]
| subdivision =
[[Boodontinae]]<br/>
[[Calamariinae]]<br/>
[[Colubrinae]]<br/>
[[Dipsadinae]]<br/>
[[Homalopsinae]]<br/>
[[Natricinae]]<br/>
[[Pareatinae]]<br/>
[[Psammophiinae]]<br/>
[[Pseudoxenodontinae]]<br/>
[[Pseudoxyrhophiinae]]<br/>
[[Xenodermatinae]]<br/>
[[Xenodontinae]]<br/>
[[incertae sedis Colubridae|incertae sedis]]<br/>
(but see text)
}}
A '''colubrid''' (from Latin ''coluber'', snake) is a [[snake]] that is a member of the '''Colubridae''' [[family (biology)|family]]. It is a broad classification of snakes that includes well over half of all [[snake]] species on earth. A colubrid's body is almost completely covered in scales. While most colubrids are non-venomous (or have venom that isn't known to be harmful to humans) and are normally harmless, a few groups, such as genus [[Boiga]], can produce medically significant bites. In addition, the [[Boomslang]] and [[African Twig Snake]] have both caused human fatalities.The venom-injecting fangs associated with venomous colubrids are almost always in the back of the mouth, compared to [[Viperidae|vipers]] and [[elapids]]. The Colubrids are certainly not a natural group, as many are more closely related to other groups, such as elapids, than to each other. This family has classically been a dumping ground for snakes that don't fit anywhere else. There is on-going mitochondrial DNA research which will sort out the familial relations within this group.
==Selected species==
* [[Queen snake]]
* [[Common Keelback]]
* [[King snake|King Snake]]
* [[Milk Snake]]
* [[Corn Snake]]
* [[Bull Snake]]
* [[Fox Snake]]
* [[Rat Snake]]
* [[Garter Snake]]
* [[Hognose Snake]]
* [[Indigo_Snake|Indigo snake]]
* [[Smooth Snake]]
* [[Water Snake]]
* [[Mussurana]]
* [[House snake]]
* [[Brown snake]]
==Classification==
Subfamily [[Boodontinae]]
*''[[Bothrolycus]]''
*''[[Bothrophthalmus]]''
*''[[Buhoma]]'' ([[incertae sedis]])
*''[[Chamaelycus]]''
*''[[Dendrolycus]]''
*''[[Dipsina]]''
*''[[Dromophis]]''
*''[[Duberria]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Gonionotophis]]''
*''[[Grayia (snake)|Grayia]]''
*''[[Hormonotus]]''
*''[[Lamprophis]]''
*''[[Lycodonomorphus]]''
*''[[Lycophidion]]''
*''[[Macroprotodon]]''
*''[[Mehelya]]''
*''[[Montaspis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Pseudaspis]]''
*''[[Pseudoboodon]]''
*''[[Pythonodipsas]]''
*''[[Scaphiophis]]''
Subfamily [[Calamariinae]]
*''[[Calamaria]]''
*''[[Calamorhabdium]]''
*''[[Collorhabdium]]''
*''[[Etheridgeum]]''
*''[[Macrocalamus]]''
*''[[Pseudorabdion]]''
*''[[Rabdion]]''
Subfamily [[Colubrinae]] - nearly 100 genera<br/>
Subfamily [[Dipsadinae]]
*''[[Adelphicos]]''
*''[[Amastridium]]''
*''[[Atractus]]''
*''[[Calamodontophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Carphophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Chersodromus]]''
*''[[Coniophanes]]''
*''[[Contia]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Crisantophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Cryophis]]''
*''[[Diadophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Diaphorolepsis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Dipsas]]''
*''[[Echinanthera]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Emmochliophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Enuliophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Enulius]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Eridiphas]]''
*''[[Geophis]]''
*''[[Gomesophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Hydromorphus]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Hypsiglena]]''
*''[[Imantodes]]''
*''[[Leptodeira]]''
*''[[Ninia]]''
*''[[Nothopsis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Pliocercus]]''
*''[[Pseudoleptodeira]]''
*''[[Pseudotomodon]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Ptychophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Rhadinaea]]''
*''[[Rhadinophanes]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Sibon]]''
*''[[Sibynomorphus]]''
*''[[Synophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Tachymenis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Taeniophallus]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Tantalophis]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Thamnodynastes]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Tomodon]]'' (incertae sedis)
*''[[Tretanorhinus]]''
*''[[Trimetopon]]''
*''[[Tropidodipsas]]''
*''[[Urotheca]]''
*''[[Xenopholis]]'' (incertae sedis)
Subfamily [[Homalopsinae]] - about 10 genera<br />
Subfamily [[Natricinae]] - around 30 genera<br />
Subfamily [[Pareatinae]] - 3 genera<br />
Subfamily [[Psammophiinae]]
*''[[Hemirhagerrhis]]''
*''[[Malpolon]]''
*''[[Mimophis]]''
*''[[Psammophis]]''
*''[[Psammophylax]]''
*''[[Rhamphiophis]]''
Subfamily [[Pseudoxenodontinae]]
*''[[Plagiopholis]]''
*''[[Pseudoxenodon]]''
Subfamily [[Pseudoxyrhophiinae]] - about 20 genera<br />
Subfamily [[Xenodermatinae]]
*''[[Achalinus]]''
*''[[Fimbrios]]''
*''[[Oxyrhabdium]]''
*''[[Stoliczkaia]]''
*''[[Xenodermus]]''
*''[[Xylophis]]''
Subfamily [[Xenodontinae]] - some 55-60 genera
''[[incertae sedis]]''
*''[[Blythia]]''
*''[[Cercaspis]]''
*''[[Cyclocorus]]''
*''[[Elapoidis]]''
*''[[Gongylosoma]]''
*''[[Haplocercus]]''
*''[[Helophis]]''
*''[[Myersophis]]''
*''[[Omoadiphas]]'' (recently discovered)
*''[[Oreocalamus]]''
*''[[Poecilopholis]]''
*''[[Rhabdops]]''
*''[[Tetralepis]]''
*''[[Thermophis]]''
*''[[Trachischium]]''
{{commonscat|Colubridae}}
<!-- {{wikispecies|Colubridae}} [check whether this is trustworthy; it is often outdated and/or nonauthoritative] -->
{{Snake_families}}
[[Category:Colubrids|*]]
[[bg:Смокообразни]]
[[ca:Colúbrid]]
[[cs:Užovkovití]]
[[de:Nattern]]
[[eml:Bessa]]
[[es:Colubridae]]
[[eo:Kolubredoj]]
[[fr:Colubridae]]
[[hr:Guževi]]
[[id:Colubridae]]
[[it:Colubridae]]
[[he:זעמניים]]
[[ka:ანკარასებრნი]]
[[lt:Žaltiniai]]
[[hu:Siklófélék]]
[[nl:Gladde slangen]]
[[ja:ナミヘビ科]]
[[no:Snoker]]
[[pl:Połozowate]]
[[pt:Colubridae]]
[[ru:Ужеобразные]]
[[simple:Colubrid]]
[[sk:Užovkovité]]
[[fi:Tarhakäärmeet]]
[[sv:Snokar]]
[[vi:Họ Rắn nước]]
[[zh:游蛇科]]