Congenital rubella syndrome 172327 216800504 2008-06-03T08:02:15Z Mauvila 141689 Rearranged a little {{Refimprove|date=December 2007}} {{Infobox_Disease | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | Image = Cataracts due to Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) PHIL 4284 lores.jpg| Caption = Cataracts due to congenital rubella syndrome| DiseasesDB = 11729 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|P|35|0|p|35}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|771.0}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = 001658 | eMedicineSubj = emerg | eMedicineTopic = 388 | MeshID = D012410 | }} '''Congenital rubella syndrome''' (CRS) can occur in a developing fetus of a pregnant woman who has contracted [[rubella]] during her first trimester. If infection occurs 0-28 days before conception, there is a 43% chance the infant will be affected. If the infection occurs 0-12 weeks after conception, there is a 51% chance the infant will be affected. If the infection occurs 13-26 weeks after conception there is a 23% chance the infant will be affected. Infants are not generally affected if rubella is contracted during the third trimester, or 26-40 weeks after conception. Problems rarely occur when rubella is contracted by the mother after 20 weeks of [[gestation]]. It was discovered in 1941 by Australian Norman McAllister Gregg (1892-1966). == Presentation == The classic triad for congenital rubella syndrome is: * Sensorineural deafness - (58% of patients) * Eye abnormalities - especially [[cataract]] and [[microphthalmia]] (43% of patients) * Congenital heart disease - especially [[patent ductus arteriosus]] (50% of patients) Other manifestations of CRS may include: *[[spleen]], [[liver]] or [[bone marrow]] problems (some of which may disappear shortly after birth) *[[mental retardation]] *small head size ([[microcephaly]]) *eye defects *low birth weight *[[thrombocytopenic purpura]] (presents as a characteristic "blueberry muffin" rash) *[[hepatomegaly]] *[[micrognathia]] [[Image:Rubella serology.png|right|thumb|300px|Congenital rubella serology time-line]] Children who have been exposed to rubella in the womb should also be watched closely as they age for any indication of the following: *[[developmental delay]] *[[Schizophrenia]]<ref>[http://schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/32/2/200 Prenatal Infection as a Risk Factor for Schizophrenia - Brown 32 (2): 200 - Schizophrenia Bulletin<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> *[[growth retardation]] *[[learning disability|learning disabilities]] *[[diabetes]] *[[glaucoma]] ==References== <references/> ==External links== * [http://www.sense.org.uk/publicationslibrary/allpubs/rubella/R03.htm Delayed effects of Congenital Rubella Syndrome] * [http://www.deafblind.com/crs.html DeafBlind.com] * [http://www.hknc.org/Rubella.htm Helen Keller National Center] {{Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period}} [[Category:Congenital disorders]] [[Category:Syndromes]] [[de:Rötelnembryofetopathie]] [[he:תסמונת אדמת מולדת]] [[pl:Zespół Gregga]] [[fi:Synnynnäinen vihurirokko-oireyhtymä]]