Congenital syphilis 1043913 206445916 2008-04-18T07:44:56Z 65.54.98.100 /* Manifestations of congenital syphilis */ {{Infobox_Disease | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | Image = | Caption = | DiseasesDB = 12744 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|50||a|50}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|090}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = ped| eMedicineTopic = 2193| MeshID = D013590 | }} '''Congenital syphilis''' is [[syphilis]] present in utero and at birth, and occurs when a child is born to a mother with secondary or tertiary syphilis. Untreated syphilis results in a high risk of a bad outcome of pregnancy, including [[Mulberry molars]] in the fetus. Syphilis can cause [[miscarriages]], [[premature birth|premature births]], [[stillbirth|stillbirths]], or death of newborn babies. Some infants with congenital syphilis have symptoms at birth, but most develop symptoms later. Untreated babies can have deformities, delays in development, or [[seizures]] along with many other problems such as rash, fever, swollen [[liver]] and [[spleen]], [[anemia]], and [[jaundice]]. Sores on infected babies are infectious. Rarely, the symptoms of syphilis go unseen in infants so that they develop the symptoms of late-stage syphilis, including damage to their bones, teeth, eyes, ears, and brain.<ref>http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/stdsyph.htm accessed 10/17/2006</ref> According to the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]], 40% of births to syphilitic mothers are [[stillborn]], 40-70% of the survivors will be infected, and 12% of these will subsequently die. {{Infobox_Disease | Name = Early congenital syphilis | Image = | Caption = | DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|50.1-3||a|50}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|090}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = D013590 | }} ===Early congenital syphilis=== This is a subset of cases of congenital syphilis. Newborns may be asymptomatic and are only identified on routine [[prenatal screening]]. If not identified and treated, these newborns develop poor feeding and [[rhinorrhea]]. By definition, early congenital syphilis occurs in children between 0 and 2 years old<ref>http://www.pitt.edu/~SUPER1/lecture/lec13881/008.htm</ref>. After, they can develop [[late congenital syphilis]]. Symptomatic newborns, if not [[stillborn]], are born premature, with enlargement of the [[liver]], [[spleen]], skeletal abnormalities, [[pneumonia]] and a bullous skin disease known as pemphigus syphiliticus. <ref>[http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2193.htm eMedicine - Syphilis : Article by Muhammad Waseem<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ==Manifestations of congenital syphilis == [[Image:Hutchinson teeth congenital syphilis PHIL 2385.rsh.jpg|thumb|200px|Notched incisors known as [[Hutchinson's teeth]] which are characteristic of congenital syphilis]] *abnormal [[x-rays]] *[[Hutchinson's triad]], a set of symptoms consisting of [[deafness]], [[Hutchinson's teeth]] (centrally notched, widely-spaced peg-shaped upper central [[incisors]]), and interstitial [[keratitis]] (IK), an inflammation of the cornea which can lead to corneal scarring and potentially blindness *mulberry [[molars]] (sixth year molars with multiple poorly developed cusps) *frontal [[bossing]] *poorly developed [[maxillae]] *[[enlarged liver]] *[[enlarged spleen]] *[[petechiae]] *other [[skin rash]] *[[sabre shins]] *[[anemia]] *[[lymph node enlargement]] *[[jaundice]] *[[pseudoparalysis]] *[[snuffles]], the name given to [[rhinitis]] in this situation. When chronic, this can lead to [[saddle nose]] deformity. *[[rhagades]], linear scars at the angles of the mouth and nose result from bacterial infection of skin lesions Death from congenital syphilis is usually through [[pulmonary hemorrhage]]. ==Treatment== If a pregnant mother is identified as being infected with syphilis, treatment can effectively prevent congenital syphilis from developing in the unborn child, especially if she is treated before the sixteenth week of pregnancy. The child is at greatest risk of contracting syphilis when the mother is in the early stages of infection, but the disease can be passed at any point during pregnancy, even during delivery (should the child have not contracted it already). However, a woman in the secondary stage of syphilis decreases her child's risk of developing congenital syphilis by 98% if she receives treatment before the last month of pregnancy<ref>[http://www.webmd.com/hw/health_guide_atoz/hw195492.asp?navbar=hw195073 Congenital syphilis<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. An afflicted child can be treated using antibiotics much like an adult, however any developmental symptoms are likely to be permanent. ==See also== *[[Syphilis]] ==External links== * [http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/c/congenital_syphilis/pictures.htm Images of Congenital Syphilis Manifestations] * {{Chorus|00655}} ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Diseases]] [[pl:Kiła wrodzona]]