Cremophor EL
5364886
225939954
2008-07-16T03:05:33Z
69.133.102.103
'''Cremophor EL''' is the registered trademark of [[BASF]] Corp. for its version of polyethoxylated castor oil. It is prepared by reacting 35 moles of [[ethylene oxide]] with each mole of [[castor oil]]. The resulting product is a mixture ([[CAS registry number|CAS number]] 61791-12-6): the major component is the material in which the hydroxyl groups of the castor oil [[triglyceride]] have [[ethoxylation|ethoxylated]] with ethylene oxide to form [[polyethylene glycol]] [[ethers]]. Minor components are the polyethyelene glycol [[esters]] of [[ricinoleic acid]], polyethyelene glycols and polyethyelene glycol ethers of [[glycerol]].<ref>{{cite web |title=BASF Technical data sheet on Cremophor EL|url=http://www.makeni.com.br/Portals/Makeni/prod/boletim/Cremophor%20EL.pdf|accessdate=2007-10-22}}</ref> . Cremophor EL is a synthetic, [[nonionic]] [[surfactant]]. Its utility comes from its ability to stabilize [[emulsions]] of nonpolar materials in [[aqueous]] systems.
Cremophor EL is an [[excipient]] or additive in drugs. Therapeutically, modern drugs are rarely given in a pure chemical state, so most active ingredients are combined with excipients or additives such as Cremophor EL <ref>{{cite web | title=A new Steroid Anaaesthetic - Althesin | url=http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1645602&blobtype=pdf | format=pdf| publisher=PubMed | accessdate=2007-01-07}} See page 1/49, Methods and Materials.</ref>
==Uses==
* [[Miconazole]], anti-fungal
* [[Paclitaxel]], anti-cancer
* Aci-Jel (acetic acid / oxyquinoline / ricinoleic acid - vaginal)
* [[Sandimmune]] (cyclosporine injection, USP)
* [[Nelfinavir mesylate]], [[HIV]] protese inhibitor
* [[Propofol]], sedative agent
Cremophor EL is used in [[Taxol]] (paclitaxel) and has been called as a dose limiting agent because of its toxicities. (A formulation of paclitaxel that uses nanoparticle albumin instead of Cremophor EL is marketed as an alternative under the trade name of [[Abraxane]]. <ref> Desai N, Yao Z, Trieu V, Soon-Shiong P, Dykes D, Noker P. Evidence of greater tumor and red cell partitioning and superior antitumor activity of Cremophor free nanoparticle paclitaxel (ABI-007) compared to taxol. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003;82(suppl 1):S83. Abstract 348. </ref><ref> O'Shaughnessy J, Tjulandin S, Davidson N, et al. ABI-007 (ABRAXANE), a nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel demonstrates superior efficacy vs taxol in metastatic breast cancer: A Phase III Trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003;82(suppl 1). Abstract 43. [http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/466395] </ref>)
==See also==
* [[Castor oil]]
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Excipients]]
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