Cthulhu Mythos 5725 226100191 2008-07-16T20:42:51Z 69.59.192.10 /* Second stage (the "Derleth Mythos") */ The last and second to the last paragraphs say the same thing, removed second to last [[Image:Cthulhu and R'lyeh.jpg|thumb|[[Cthulhu]] in the lost city of [[R'lyeh]]]] The '''Cthulhu Mythos''' is a [[shared universe]] created in the 1920s by American horror writer [[H. P. Lovecraft]]. The term ''Lovecraft Mythos'' is preferred by some -- most notably the Lovecraft scholar [[S.T. Joshi]],<ref>Joshi, "The Lovecraft Mythos", ''H. P. Lovecraft'', p. 31''ff''.</ref> The term was coined by Lovecraft's associate [[August Derleth]], and named after [[Cthulhu]], a powerful fictional entity in Lovecraft's stories. Not a series ''per se'', stories, novels and other works in the Cthulhu Mythos feature elements, characters, settings, and themes found in works by Lovecraft writers. Together, these works form the [[wikt:mythos|mythos]] that authors writing in the [[Lovecraftian horror|Lovecraftian milieu]] have used -- and continue to use -- in their ongoing expansion of the fictional universe, sometimes in ways far removed from Lovecraft's original conception.<ref>Harms, "A Brief History of the Cthulhu Mythos", ''The Encyclopedia Cthulhiana'', pp. viii–ix.</ref> ==Development== [[Robert M. Price]], in his essay "H. P. Lovecraft and the [[Cthulhu]] Mythos", sees two stages in the development of the Cthulhu Mythos. The first stage, or "Cthulhu Mythos proper" as Price calls it, took shape during Lovecraft's lifetime and was subject to his guidance. The second stage occurred under August Derleth who attempted to categorize and expand the Mythos after Lovecraft's death.<ref>Price, "H. P. Lovecraft and the Cthulhu Mythos", ''Crypt of Cthulhu #35'', p. 5.</ref> ===First stage (the Mythos proper)=== {{main|Lovecraft Mythos}} Lovecraft borrowed terms and ideas from earlier writers he admired: [[Hastur]], for example, was originally a benevolent deity mentioned in an [[Ambrose Bierce]] story, but took on more sinister traits when appropriated a few years later by [[Robert W. Chambers]], before Lovecraft shaped his own version of the being. During the latter part of Lovecraft's life, there was much borrowing of story elements among the authors of the "Lovecraft Circle", and many many others, a clique of writers with whom Lovecraft corresponded. This group included [[Clark Ashton Smith]], [[Robert E. Howard]], [[Robert Bloch]], [[Frank Belknap Long]], [[Henry Kuttner]], and others. Lovecraft recognized that each writer had his own story-cycle, and that an element from one cycle would not necessarily become part of another simply because a writer used it in one of his stories. For example, although Smith might mention "Kthulhut" ([[Cthulhu]]) or Iog-Sotôt ([[Yog-Sothoth]]) in one of his Hyperborean tales, this does not mean that Cthulhu is part of the [[Hyperborean cycle]]. A notable exception, however, is Smith's [[Tsathoggua]], which Lovecraft appropriated for his revision of [[Zelia Bishop]]'s "The Mound" ([[1940 in literature|1940]]). Lovecraft effectively connected Smith's creation to his story-cycle by placing Tsathoggua alongside such entities as Tulu ([[Cthulhu]]), [[Great Old One compendium#Yig|Yig]], [[Shub-Niggurath]], and [[Great Old One compendium#Nug and Yeb|Nug and Yeb]] in subterranean [[K'n-yan]]. Most of the elements of Lovecraft's Mythos were not a cross-pollination of the various story-cycles of the Lovecraft Circle, but were instead deliberately created by each writer to become part of the Mythos, the most notable example being the various arcane grimoires of forbidden lore. So, for example, Robert E. Howard has his character [[Cthulhu Mythos biographies#Von Junzt, Friedrich Wilheim|Friedrich Von Junzt]] reading Lovecraft's ''[[Necronomicon]]'' in "The Children of the Night" ([[1931 in literature|1931]]), and Lovecraft in turn mentions Howard's ''[[Unaussprechlichen Kulten]]'' in both "Out of the Aeons" ([[1935 in literature|1935]]) and "The Shadow Out of Time ([[1936 in literature|1936]]).<ref>Ibid, pp. 6&ndash;7.</ref> Howard frequently corresponded with [[H. P. Lovecraft]], and the two would sometimes insert references or elements of each others' settings in their works. Later editors reworked many of the original [[Conan the Barbarian|Conan]] stories by Howard; thus, diluting this connection. Nevertheless, many of Howard's unedited Conan stories are arguably part of the Cthulhu Mythos.<ref>Patrice Louinet. ''Hyborian Genesis: Part 1'', page 436, ''The Coming of Conan the Cimmerian''; 2003, Del Rey.</ref> ====The Mythos as a background element==== According to David E. Schultz, Lovecraft never meant to create a canonical Mythos but rather intended his imaginary pantheon to serve merely as a background element. Thus, Lovecraft's "pseudomythology"—a term used by Lovecraft himself and others to describe the beings appearing in his stories—is the backdrop for his tales but is not the primary focus. Indeed, the cornerstone of his stories seems to be the town of [[Arkham]] and not beings like Cthulhu.<ref>Schultz, "Who Needs the Cthulhu Mythos?", ''A Century Less A Dream'', pp. 46, 54.</ref><!--FOOTNOTE BEGINS...--><ref> That Lovecraft gave more weight to his "Arkham cycle" locations than to his pseudomythology is perhaps demonstrated by his so-called revision stories. Will Murray points out that while Lovecraft often employed his fictional pantheon in the stories he ghostwrote for other authors, he reserved Arkham and its environs exclusively for those tales he wrote under his own name. (Murray, "In Search of Arkham Country I", pp. 105, 107.)</ref> <!--...FOOTNOTE ENDS--> Furthermore, Lovecraft may not have been serious when he spoke of developing a "myth-cycle" and probably would have had no need to give it a name anyway. Since he used his Mythos simply as background material, he probably had this in mind when he allowed other writers to use it in their own stories. It could be said that Lovecraft's Mythos was a kind of elaborate inside joke propagating among the writers of his circle. However, August Derleth's understanding of the Mythos appears to have been that Lovecraft wanted other authors to actively ''write about'' the myth-cycle rather than to simply ''allude to'' it in their stories.<ref>Schultz, "Who Needs the Cthulhu Mythos?", pp. 46–7.</ref> ===Second stage (the "Derleth Mythos")=== The second stage began with August Derleth,<ref>The writer [[Richard L. Tierney]] coined the term "Derleth Mythos" to distinguish between August Derleth's version and Lovecraft's (Cf. Richard L. Tierney, "The Derleth Mythos", ''Discovering H. P. Lovecraft'', p. 52). Dirk Mosig, goes further and recommends that the term ''Cthulhu Mythos'' be dropped altogether in favor of the ''Yog-Sothoth Cycle of Myth'' (Mosig, "H. P. Lovecraft: Myth-Maker", ''Mosig at Last'', p. 28).</ref> who added to the mythos and developed the ''[[elemental]] system'', associating the pantheon with the four elements of ''air'', ''earth'', ''fire'', and ''water''. To understand Derleth's changes to the Mythos, it is important to distinguish among Lovecraft's story cycles. Price says that Lovecraft's writings can be divided into three separate groups: the Dunsanian, Arkham, and Cthulhu cycles.<ref>Price, "H. P. Lovecraft and the Cthulhu Mythos", ''Crypt of Cthulhu #35'', p. 9.</ref> The Dunsanian stories are those that are written in the vein of [[Lord Dunsany]] (and may include Lovecraft's so-called [[Dream Cycle]] tales), the Arkham stories include those that take place in Lovecraft's fictionalized New England setting, and the Cthulhu cycle stories are those that use Lovecraft's cosmic story-cycle (the ''Lovecraft Mythos''). Derleth combined Lovecraft's various cycles to create a large, singular story-cycle{{Fact|date=September 2007}}. For example, he appropriated [[Nodens (Cthulhu Mythos)|Nodens]] from the Dunsanian cycle and leagued him with the ''Elder Gods'' against the ''Old Ones''. He also introduced a [[dualism|good versus evil dichotomy]] into the Mythos contrary to the dark, nihilistic vision of Lovecraft and his immediate circle.{{Fact|date=September 2007}} Derleth apparently treated any story mentioning a mythos element as part of the Mythos, and in consequence all other elements in the story also became part of the mythos. Hence, as Lovecraft made passing reference to Clark Ashton Smith's ''[[Cthulhu Mythos arcane literature#Book of Eibon|Book of Eibon]]'', Derleth added Smith's [[Outer God#Ubbo-Sathla|Ubbo-Sathla]] to the mythos. Because of Derleth's broad canon the Mythos grew enormously.<ref>Ibid, pp. 6&ndash;10.</ref> ===Third Stage=== Further removing the Cthulhu Mythos from its source were stories written by such authors as [[Lin Carter]], [[Colin Wilson]], and [[Brian Lumley]]. Carter was especially influential in setting out detailed lists of gods, their ancestry, and their servitors through his Mythos tales, attempting to codify the elements of the Mythos as much as possible. Through this process, more gods, books, and places were created and interlinked with each other. Another influence has been the [[Call of Cthulhu (role-playing game)|Call of Cthulhu RPG]] published by [[Chaosium]] in 1981. Largely developed by [[Sandy Petersen]], this version of the Mythos broke Lovecraft's entities down into further sub-groupings: [[Outer God]]s, [[Great Old Ones]], servitor races and the nebulously-termed Other Gods. Material from these sources has slowly crept back into mainstream Mythos fiction, as Chaosium published fiction related to, or written by players of the game. Many of the newer generation of Mythos authors (especially those published in Chaosium compendiums) take their cue from this more clinical, continuity-focused brand of the Mythos instead of Lovecraft's more mysterious version. ==Structure== The Mythos usually takes place in fictional New England towns and is centered on the Great Old Ones, a fearsome assortment of ancient, powerful [[deity|deities]] who came from outer space and once ruled the Earth. They are presently [[wikt:quiescent|quiescent]], having fallen into a death-like sleep at some time in the distant past.<ref>Harms, "A Brief History of the Cthulhu Mythos", p. viii.</ref> The most well-known of these beings is Cthulhu, who currently lies "dead [but] dreaming" in the submerged city of [[R'lyeh]] somewhere in the Southeast [[Pacific Ocean]]. One day, "when the stars are right", R'lyeh will rise from beneath the sea, and Cthulhu will awaken and wreak havoc on the earth.<ref>Lovecraft, "The Call of Cthulhu" (1928).</ref> Despite his notoriety, Cthulhu is not the most powerful of the deities, nor is he the [[Theology|theological]] center of the mythos.<ref>Mosig says that Cthulhu "is perhaps one of the weakest and least important of the main entities [in the mythos]—save for his immediacy". He also notes that in the Necronomicon passage in Lovecraft's "The Dunwich Horror" (1929), Cthulhu is demoted to "their cousin". (Mosig, "H. P. Lovecraft: Myth-Maker", ''Mosig at Last'', p. 25.)</ref> Instead, this position is held by the demon-god [[Azathoth]], an [[Outer God]], ruling from his cosmically centered court. Nonetheless, [[Nyarlathotep]], who fulfills Azathoth's random urges, has intervened more frequently and more directly in human affairs than any other Outer god. He has also displayed more blatant contempt for humanity, especially his own worshippers, than almost any other Lovecraftian deity. ==Theme== The essence in the Mythos is that the human world and our role in it is an illusion. Humanity is simply living in a fragile bubble, unaware of what lies behind the curtains or even of the curtains themselves, and our seeming dominance over the world is illusory and ephemeral. We are blessed in that we do not realize what lies dormant in the unknown lurking places on Earth and beyond. As Lovecraft famously begins his short story, ''The Call of Cthulhu'', "The most merciful thing in the world, I think, is the inability of the human mind to correlate all its contents." Now and then, individuals can, by accident or carelessness, catch a glimpse of, or even confront the ancient extraterrestrial entities which the mythology centres around, usually with fatal consequences. Other times, they are represented by their non-human worshippers, whose existence shatters the worldview of those who stumble across them. Human followers exist as well. Because of the limitations of the human mind, these deities appear as so overwhelming that they can often drive a person insane. They are portrayed as neither good nor evil; within the Mythos these are concepts invented by our species as a way to explain intentions and actions which may otherwise seem inexplicable. ''The Call of Cthulhu'' was the premiere story in which Lovecraft realized and made full use of these themes, which is why his mythology would later be named after the creature in this story, as it defined a new direction in both his authorship and in the horror fiction genre. This is also the only story by Lovecraft where humans and one of the cosmic entities called the Great Old Ones comes face to face. In his final years, Lovecraft used fewer supernatural elements to represent the dangers which threaten humanity. Instead, he gradually replaced them with non-supernatural cosmic beings and phenomena, based on principles outside the laws of nature in our own space-time continuum. This sci-fi trend particularly becomes clear in works such as ''[[At the Mountains of Madness]]''. Many of these later tales also humanize these aliens to some extent, and the degree to which they still retain the theme of nihilistic horror varies. ==Derleth's involvement== Derleth's take on the mythos was to try to conform it to his own [[Roman Catholic]] values and [[dualism]]. Instead of a universe of meaninglessness and chaos, Derleth's mythos is a struggle of ''good versus evil''.<ref>Bloch, "Heritage of Horror", p. 9.</ref> Derleth once wrote: <blockquote> <!-- NOTE: The following is quoted VERBATIM from the Arkham House edition -- please do not copyedit (except for adding/changing links). --> As Lovecraft conceived the deities or forces of his mythos, there were, initially, the Elder Gods... [T]hese Elder Gods were benign deities, representing the forces of good, and existed peacefully at or near [[Betelgeuse|Betelgeuze<!--sic-->]] in the constellation [[Orion (constellation)|Orion]], very rarely stirring forth to intervene in the unceasing struggle between the powers of evil and the [[race (fantasy)|races]] of Earth. These powers of evil were variously known as the Great Old Ones or the Ancient Ones... <br>—August Derleth, "The Cthulhu Mythos"<ref>Derleth, "The Cthulhu Mythos", ''Tales of the Cthulhu Mythos'', p. vii.</ref> </blockquote> Lovecraft was an [[atheist]],<ref>Joshi, ''The Scriptorium'', "H. P. Lovecraft", section II.</ref> and claimed that [[Immanuel Kant|Kant's]] ethical system "is a joke."{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Derleth's theories about the ''Cthulhu Mythos'' thus differ from Lovecraft's concept, which was not really a cohesive, singular entity, but rather a collection of ideas that could be used in separate works to provoke the same emotions.<ref>Turner, "Iä! Iä! Cthulhu Fhtagn!", ''Tales of the Cthulhu Mythos'', p. viii. Turner writes: "Lovecraft's imaginary [[wikt:cosmogony|cosmogony]] was never a static system but rather a sort of [[wikt:aesthetic|aesthetic]] construct that remained ever adaptable to its creator's developing personality and altering interests... [T]here was never a rigid system that might be posthumously appropriated by the [[wikt:pasticheur|pasticheur]]... [T]he essence of the mythos lies not in a pantheon of imaginary deities nor in a cobwebby collection of forgotten tomes, but rather in a certain convincing cosmic attitude."</ref> The Elder Gods of Derleth's mythos never appear in Lovecraft's writings, except for one or two termed "Other Gods" such as Nodens in Lovecraft's "[[The Strange High House in the Mist]]" (though perhaps this is an example of how "very rarely [they stir] forth"; i.e., usually never). Furthermore, in Lovecraft the Great Old Ones, or ''Ancient Ones'', have no unified [[pantheon (gods)|pantheon]]. Indeed, the term "Ancient Ones" appears in only one Lovecraft story, "[[Through the Gates of the Silver Key]]," actually a collaboration between Lovecraft and his friend and correspondent [[E. Hoffmann Price]]. ===Elemental theory=== Derleth connected the deities of the Mythos to the four elements of ''air'', ''earth'', ''fire'', and ''water'', filling in gaps in the system by creating the beings [[Ithaqua]], representing ''air'', and [[Great Old One compendium#Cthugha|Cthugha]], representing ''fire''.<ref>Derleth created Cthugha when a fan, Francis T. Laney, pointed out that he had neglected to include a fire elemental in his schema. Laney, the editor of ''The Acolyte'', had categorized the Mythos in an essay that first appeared in the Winter 1942 issue of the magazine. Impressed by the glossary, Derleth asked Laney to rewrite it for publication in the Arkham House collection ''Beyond the Wall of Sleep'' ([[1943 in literature|1943]]). (Robert M. Price, "Editorial Shards", ''Crypt of Cthulhu #32'', p. 2.) Laney's essay ("The Cthulhu Mythos") was later republished in ''Crypt of Cthulhu #32'' (1985).</ref> As realized, the system has a few problems. For example, Derleth classified Cthulhu as a ''water elemental'', which makes it odd that he could be trapped beneath the ocean and his [[Telepathy|psychic emanations]] blocked by water. Another problem arises in applying the elemental theory to beings that function on a cosmic scale, such as [[Yog-Sothoth]]—some authors have attempted to get around this by creating a separate category of ''aethyr'' elementals for Azathoth, Shub-Niggurath, Nyarlathotep, and Yog-Sothoth. Finally, Derleth matched the ''earth'' beings against the ''fire'' beings and the ''air'' beings against the ''water'' beings, which is inconsistent with the [[classical elements]] dichotomy in which ''air'' opposes ''earth'' and ''fire'' opposes ''water''.<ref>Harms, "Elemental Theory", p. 101.</ref> {|class="wikitable" |+'''Elemental classifications''' !Air !Earth !Fire !Water |- |[[Hastur]]**<br>[[Ithaqua]]*<br>[[Zhar (Great Old One)|Zhar and Lloigor]]* |[[Azathoth]](?)<br>[[Cyäegha]]<br>[[Nyarlathotep]](?)<br>[[Great Old One compendium#Nyogtha|Nyogtha]]<br>[[Shub-Niggurath]]<br>[[Tsathoggua]] |[[Yog-Sothoth]](?)<br>[[Great Old One compendium#Aphoom-Zhah|Aphoom-Zhah]]<br>[[Cthugha]]* |[[Cthulhu]]<br>[[Deep One#Father Dagon and Mother Hydra|Dagon]]<br>[[Ghatanothoa]]<br>[[Deep One#Father Dagon and Mother Hydra|Mother Hydra]]<br>[[Xothic legend cycle#Zoth-Ommog|Zoth-Ommog]] |} <nowiki>*</nowiki>Deity created by Derleth. <br>**Deity incorporated by Derleth. ===Conclusion=== Derleth became a publisher of Lovecraft's stories after his death.<ref>Bloch, "Heritage of Horror", p. 8.</ref> Lovecraft himself was very critical of his own writings and was often easily discouraged, especially when faced with any rejection of his work.<ref>Joshi, ''The Scriptorium'', "H. P. Lovecraft", section I.</ref> Were it not for Derleth, Lovecraft's writings and the Cthulhu Mythos might have remained largely unknown. ==See also== * [[Elements of the Cthulhu Mythos]] * [[Cthulhu Mythos anthology]] * [[Dreamlands]] * [[Elder God (Cthulhu Mythos)|Elder Gods]] * [[Great Old One]]s * [[Outer God]]s * The Cthulhu Mythos has become part of [[popular culture]]. See [[Cthulhu Mythos in popular culture]] for a list. * For a list of characters, see [[Cthulhu Mythos biographies]]. ==References== ===Books=== * {{cite book | last = Bloch | first = Robert | authorlink=Robert Bloch| chapter = Heritage of Horror | date = 1982 | title = The Best of H. P. Lovecraft: Bloodcurdling Tales of Horror and the Macabre | edition = 1st ed. | publisher = Ballantine Books | id = ISBN 0-345-35080-4 }} * {{cite book | last = Derleth | first = August | chapter = The Cthulhu Mythos | title = Tales of the Cthulhu Mythos | location = Sauk City, WI | publisher = Arkham House | date = 1969 }} * {{cite book | last = Harms | first = Daniel | title = The Encyclopedia Cthulhiana | edition = 2nd ed. | publisher = Chaosium, Inc. | date = 1998 | id = ISBN 1-56882-119-0 }} * {{cite book | last = Joshi | first = S. T. | title = H. P. Lovecraft | edition = 1st ed. | location = Mercer Island, WA | publisher = Starmont House | date = 1982 | id = ISBN 0-916732-36-3; ISBN 0-916732-35-5 (paper) }} * {{cite book|last=Lovecraft|first=Howard P.|chapter=[http://mythostomes.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=30&Itemid=70 The Call of Cthulhu]|origyear=1928|title=The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories|editor=S. T. Joshi (ed.)|year=1999|location=London, UK; New York, NY|publisher=Penguin Books|id=ISBN}} * {{cite book | last = Mosig | first = Yozan Dirk W. | title = [[Dirk W. Mosig|Mosig]] at Last: A Psychologist Looks at H. P. Lovecraft | edition = 1st printing | location = West Warwick, RI | publisher = Necronomicon Press | date = 1997 | id = ISBN 0-940884-90-9 }} *{{cite book|last=Murray|first=Will|title=The Fantastic Worlds of H. P. Lovecraft|chapter=In Search of Arkham Country I|editor=James Van Hise (ed.)|month=January|year=1999|location=Yucca Valley, CA|publisher=James Van Hise}} No ISBN. <!--HIDING FOR NOW: Price, Robert M. (ed.) ''Black Forbidden Things: Cryptical Secrets from the "Crypt of Cthulhu"'', San Bernardino, CA: The Borgo Press, 1992. ISBN 1-557-42248-6; ISBN 1-557-42249-4. --> *{{cite book|last=Schultz|first=David E.|chapter=Who Needs the Cthulhu Mythos?|origyear=1987|title=A Century Less a Dream: Selected Criticism on H. P. Lovecraft|edition=1st ed.|editor=Scott Conners (ed.)|year=2002|location=Holikong, PA|publisher=Wildside Press|id=ISBN 1-58715-215-0}} *{{Cite book|last=Schweitzer|first=Darrell (ed.)|title=Discovering H. P. Lovecraft|year=2001|location=Helicong, PA|publisher=Wildside Press|id=ISBN 1-58715-470-6 (trade paper); ISBN 1-58715-471-4 (hardcover)}} * {{cite book | last = Turner | first = James | chapter = Iä! Iä! Cthulhu Fhtagn! | title = Tales of the Cthulhu Mythos | edition = 1st ed. | publisher = Random House | date = 1998 | id = ISBN 0-345-42204-X }} * {{cite book | last = Jens, editor | first = Tina | title = Cthulhu and the Coeds: Kids and Squids | year = 1999 | location = Chicago, IL | publisher = Twilight Tales | (trade paper) }} * {{cite book | last = Thomas | first = Frank Walter | title = Watchers of the Light, | edition = 1st printing | location = Lake Forest Park, WA | publisher = Lake Forest Park Books | date = 2005 | id = ISBN 0-9774464-0-9 (paperback) }} ===Web sites=== * {{cite web | last = Joshi | first = S. T | title = H. P. Lovecraft | work = The Scriptorium | url = http://www.themodernword.com/scriptorium/lovecraft.html | accessmonthday = July 20 | accessyear = 2005 }} ===Notes=== {{reflist}} <!--Development--> <!--Structure--> <!--Derleth's involvement--> <!-- --> <!--Elemental theory--> <!--conclusion--> ==External links== {{linkfarm}} * [http://www.baharna.com/cmythos/mythos.htm The Cthulhu Mythos: A Guide]; extensive information, including an annotated bibliography and index * [http://www.hplovecraft.com/ The H. P. Lovecraft Archive] * [http://www.mythostomes.com Mythos Tomes], stories, articles, and reviews relating to the Cthulhu Mythos * [http://www.necfiles.org/mythos.htm The Official Cthulhu Mythos FAQ], by Daniel Harms * [http://www.gordon-fernandes.com/hp-lovecraft/index.html Index of The Works of Howard Phillips Lovecraft ]FULL STORIES * [http://www.artwanted.com/mikeymichaels Cthulhu Mythos Art / Artwork] illustrating creatures created by H.P. Lovecraft ==Further reading== * {{cite book | last = Carter | first = Lin | authorlink = Lin Carter | title = [[Lovecraft: A Look Behind the Cthulhu Mythos]] | location = New York, NY | publisher = Ballantine Books | date = 1972 | id = ISBN 0-345-02427-3 }} {{H.P. Lovecraft}} [[Category:Artificial mythology]] [[Category:Cthulhu Mythos| ]] [[cho:Cthulhu]] [[de:Cthulhu-Mythos]] [[es:Mitos de Cthulhu]] [[fr:Mythe de Cthulhu]] [[ko:크툴후 신화]] [[it:Ciclo di Cthulhu]] [[ja:クトゥルフ神話]] [[pl:Wielcy Przedwieczni]] [[pt:Mitos Cthulhu]] [[ru:Мифы Ктулху]] [[fi:Cthulhu-mytologia]] [[sv:Cthulhu-mytologin]] [[zh:克蘇魯神話]]