Cyathea
1709293
220876236
2008-06-22T01:05:05Z
Mgiganteus1
808022
copyedit caption
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Cyathea''
| image = Cyathea-med3.jpg
| image_width = 220px
| image_caption = ''Cyathea medullaris'' growing in [[New Zealand]]
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Pteridophyta]]
| classis = [[Pteridopsida]]
| ordo = [[Cyatheales]]
| familia = [[Cyatheaceae]]
| genus = '''''Cyathea'''''
| genus_authority = [[James Edward Smith|J. E. Smith]], 1793
| subdivision_ranks = [[Subgenus|Subgenera]] and [[Section (biology)|sections]]
| subdivision =
* '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea subg. Cyathea|Cyathea]]'''''
** ''[[Cyathea sect. Alsophila|Alsophila]]''
** ''[[Cyathea sect. Cyathea|Cyathea]]''
* '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris|Sphaeropteris]]'''''
** ''[[Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris|Sphaeropteris]]''
| synonyms =
* ''Acanthea'' <small>Lindig, 1861</small>
* ''Alsophila'' <small>R. Brown, 1810</small>
* ''Amphicosmia'' <small>Gardner, 1842</small>
* ''Chlamydia'' <small>Moore, 1857</small>
* ''Chnoophora'' <small>Kaulfuss, 1824</small>
* ''Cormiophyllum'' <small>Newman, 1856</small>
* ''Cyatheopsis'' <small>Karsten, 1858</small>
* ''Dichorexia'' <small>Presl, 1847</small>
* ''Dicranophlebia'' <small>Martius, 1834</small>
* ''Disphenia'' <small>Presl, 1836</small>
* ''Eatoniopteris'' <small>Bommer, 1873</small>
* ''Eleutheria'' <small>Kunze, 1844</small>
* ''Fourniera'' <small>Bommer, 1873</small>
* ''Gymnopremnon'' <small>Lindig, 1861</small>
* ''Gymnosphaera'' <small>Blume, 1828</small>
* ''Halophlebia'' <small>Martius, 1834</small>
* ''Nephelea'' <small>Tryon, 1970</small>
* ''Notocarpia'' <small>Presl, 1836</small>
* ''Notophoria'' <small>Presl, 1848</small>
* ''Sarcopholis''
* ''Schizocaena'' <small>W. J. Hooker, 1838</small>
* ''Schizocaena'' <small>J. E. Smith, 1838</small>
* ''Sclephropteris'' <small>P. G. Windisch</small>
* ''Sphaeropteris'' <small>Bernhardi, 1801</small>
* ''Thysanobotrya'' <small>Alderwerelt, 1918</small>
* ''Trachypremnon'' <small>Lindig, 1861</small>
* ''Trichipteris'' <small>Presl, 1822</small>
* ''Trichopteris'' <small>Spreng., ''orth. var.''</small>
}}
'''''Cyathea''''' is a [[genus]] of [[tree fern]]s, the type genus of the [[fern]] order [[Cyatheales]]. They are mostly terrestrial ferns, usually with a single tall stem. Rarely, the trunk may be branched or creeping. Many species also develop a fibrous mass of roots at the base of the trunk. The genus has a [[pantropical]] distribution, with over 470 species. They grow in habitats ranging from [[tropical rain forest]]s to [[temperate woodland]]s.
The genus name ''Cyathea'' is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''kyatheion'', meaning "little cup", and refers to the cup-shaped [[Sorus|sori]] on the underside of the fronds.
The best known species include:
* ''[[Cyathea brownii]]'', the Norfolk Tree Fern
* ''[[Cyathea cooperi]]'', the Australian Tree Fern or Lacy Tree Fern
* ''[[Cyathea dealbata]]'', the Silver Tree Fern
* ''[[Cyathea medullaris]]'', the New Zealand Black Tree Fern
==Classification==
The classification below follows the findings of Conant ''et al.'' in 1996. Conant concluded, based on molecular [[cpDNA]] and morphological evidence, that a system of three clades — ''Alsophila'', ''Cyathea'' and ''Sphaeropteris'', whereby ''Alsophila'' is most basal and ''Cyathea'' and ''Sphaeropteris'' are derived sister groups — is the most accurate reflection of evolutionary lineages within the [[Cyatheaceae]].
{|
|- valign=top
|
* '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea subg. Cyathea|Cyathea]]'''''
** '''Section ''[[Cyathea sect. Alsophila|Alsophila]]'''''
*** ''[[Cyathea abbottii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea acanthophora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea acrostichoides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea acuminata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea affinis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea albidosquamata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea alderwereltii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea alleniae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea alpicola]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea amboinensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea amintae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea andersonii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea aneitensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea annae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea apiculata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea apoensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea approximata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea archboldii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ascendens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea atropurpurea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea australis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea baileyana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea balanocarpa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea batjanensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea biformis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea borneensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × boytelii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea brevipinna]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea brooksii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea bryophila]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea buennemeijerii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea callosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea camerooniana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea capensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea catillifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea caudata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea chinensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea christii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cincinnata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cinerea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea coactilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea colensoi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × confirmis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea corcovadensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea costalisora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea costulisora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea crassa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea croftii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cucullifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cunninghamii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cuspidata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dealbata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea deckenii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea decora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea decrescens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dicksonioides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dimorpha]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea doctersii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dregei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × dryopteroides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea edanoi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea elongata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea erinacea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea eriophora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea esmeraldensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea everta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea excavata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea exilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea fadenii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × fagildei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea fenicis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ferruginea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea foersteri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea fulgens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea fuliginosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea geluensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea gigantea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea glaberrima]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea glabra]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea glaziovii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea gleichenioides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea gregaria]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea grevilleana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea halconensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hancockii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea havilandii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea henryi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea heterochlamydea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hooglandii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hookeri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hornei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea horridula]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hotteana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea humilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hunsteiniana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hymenodes]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea imbricata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea imrayana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea incana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea incisoserrata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea inquinans]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea insulana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea javanica]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea junghuhniana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea kanehirae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea kermadecensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea khasyana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea klossii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea latebrosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea latipinnula]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ledermannii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea lepidoclada]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea loerzingii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea loheri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea longipes]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea lurida]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea macarthurii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea macgillivrayi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea macgregorii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea macropoda]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea madagascarica]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea magnifolia]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea manniana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea marattioides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × marcescens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea masapilidensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea media]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × medinae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea mesosora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea metteniana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea mexicana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea microchlamys]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea microphylloides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea mildbraedii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea milnei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea minor]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea modesta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea mossambicensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea muelleri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea negrosiana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nicklesii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nigrolineata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nigropaleata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nilgirensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nockii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea obtusiloba]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ogurae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea oinops]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea oosora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea orientalis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pachyrrhachis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pallidipaleata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea parva]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea patellifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea percrassa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea perpelvigera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea perpunctulata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea perrieriana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea physolepidota]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea plagiostegia]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea podophylla]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea polycarpa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea polystichoides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea portoricensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pruinosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pseudomuelleri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pubescens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea punctulata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pycnoneura]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea raciborskii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ramispina]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea rebeccae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea recommutata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea recurvata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea rigens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea rubella]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea rubiginosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea rufopannosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea rupestris]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea saccata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea salletii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea salvinii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea scandens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea schlechteri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea schliebenii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea sechellarum]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea semiamplectens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea serratifolia]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea setosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea setulosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea sinuata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea smithii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea solomonensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea spinulosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea stuebelii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea subdubia]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea subtripinnata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea sumatrana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tenuicaulis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ternatea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea thomsonii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tryoniana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tsilotsilensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tussacii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea urbanii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea vandeusenii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea vieillardii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea walkerae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea welwitschii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea wengiensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea woodwardioides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea woollsiana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea zakamenensis]]''
|
* '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea subg. Cyathea|Cyathea]]'''''
** '''Section ''[[Cyathea sect. Cyathea|Cyathea]]'''''
*** ''[[Cyathea acutidens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea alata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea albomarginata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea alphonsiana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea alstonii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea amazonica]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea andina]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea arborea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea armata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea aspera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea atahuallpa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea aterrima]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea atrovirens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea barringtonii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × bernardii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea bettinae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea bicrenata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea bipinnata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea boliviana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea borinquena]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea bradei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea brevistipes]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea brunnescens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × calolepis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea caracasana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cicatricosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea concordia]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea conformis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea conjugata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea corallifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea costaricensis]]''
*** †''[[Cyathea cranhamii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cyatheoides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cyclodium]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cystolepis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea darienensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea decomposita]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea decorata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea decurrens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea delgadii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea demissa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dichromatolepis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dissimilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dissoluta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea divergens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dombeyi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea dudleyi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ebenina]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea estelae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea falcata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea frigida]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea fulva]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea furfuracea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea gardneri]]''<ref>''Cyathea gardneri'' (W. J. Hooker) Lellinger 1987, not ''C. gardneri'' W. J. Hooker 1844.</ref>
*** ''[[Cyathea gibbosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea glauca]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea gracilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea halonata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea harrisii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea haughtii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hemiepiphytica]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hirsuta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hodgeana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea holdridgeana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea howeana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea impar]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea intramarginalis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea jamaicensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea kalbreyeri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea lasiosora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea latevagens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea lechleri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea leucofolis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × lewisii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea lockwoodiana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea macrocarpa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea macrosora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea marginalis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea microdonta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea microphylla]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea microphylla]]''<ref>''Cyathea microphylla'' (Klotzsch) Tryon 1970, not ''C. microphylla'' Mettenius 1856.</ref>
*** ''[[Cyathea mucilagina]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea multiflora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea multisegmenta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea myosuroides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nanna]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nesiotica]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nigripes]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nodulifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea notabilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea onusta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea palaciosii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea paladensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pallescens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea parianensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea parva]]''<ref>''Cyathea parva'' (Maxon) Tryon 1976, not ''C. parva'' Copeland 1942.</ref>
*** ''[[Cyathea parvula]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pauciflora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea petiolata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea phalaenolepis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea phalerata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea phegopteroides]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pilosissima]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pinnula]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea platylepis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea poeppigii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea praecincta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pseudonanna]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pubens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea punctata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pungens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea robertsiana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea rufa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ruiziana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea sagittifolia]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea schiedeana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea schlimii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea senilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea simplex]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea sipapoensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea speciosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea squamulosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea steyermarkii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea stipularis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea stokesii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea stolzei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea straminea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea subtropica]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea suprastrigosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea surinamensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tenera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tortuosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea trichiata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tryonorum]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea ursina]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea valdecrenata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea venezuelensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea villosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea weatherbyana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea wendlandii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea werffii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea williamsii]]''
|
* '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris|Sphaeropteris]]'''''
** '''Section ''[[Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris|Sphaeropteris]]'''''
*** ''[[Cyathea aciculosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea aeneifolia]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea agatheti]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea albifrons]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea albosetacea]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea alternans]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea angiensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea angustipinna]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea aramaganensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea arthropoda]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea assimilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea atrospinosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea atrox]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea auriculifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea binuangensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea brackenridgei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea brownii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea brunei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea brunoniana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea capitata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea carrii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea celebica]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea contaminans]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cooperi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea crinita]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea cuatrecasassi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea curranii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea deminuens]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea discophora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea elliptica]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea elmeri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea feani]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea felina]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea fugax]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea fusca]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea gardneri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea hainanensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea inaequalis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea insignis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea insularum]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea integra]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea intermedia]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea × lathamii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea leichhardtiana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea lepifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea leucolepis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea leucotricha]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea lunulata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea macrophylla]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea magna]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea marginata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea medullaris]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea megalosora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea mertensiana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea microlepidota]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea moluccana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea moseleyi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea nigricans]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea novae-caledoniae]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea obliqua]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea obscura]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea papuana]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea parksii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea parvipinna]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea persquamulifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea philippinensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pilulifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea polypoda]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea princeps]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea procera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea propinqua]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea pulcherrima]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea quindiuensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea robinsonii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea robusta]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea rosenstockii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea runensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea sarasinorum]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea senex]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea setifera]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea sibuyanensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea squamulata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea stipipinnula]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea strigosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea subsessilis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea suluensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tenggerensis]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea teysmannii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tomentosa]]
*** ''[[Cyathea tomentosissima]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea trichodesma]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea trichophora]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tripinnata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea tripinnatifida]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea truncata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea vaupelii]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea verrucosa]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea vittata]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea wallacei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea werneri]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea whitmeei]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea womersleyi]]''
*** ''[[Cyathea zamboangana]]''
|}
===Uncertain or dubious taxa===
* ''[[Alsophila crassa]]'' Karsten, 1869
* ''[[Cyathea affinis]]'' M. Martens & Galeotti, 1842
==Misassigned taxa==
* ''Cyathea abitaguensis'' (Domin) Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria uleana]]''
* ''Cyathea antillana'' Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]''
* ''Cyathea aristata'' Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria apiculata]]''
* ''Cyathea choricarpa'' (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria choricarpa]]''
* ''Cyathea commutata'' Sprengel, 1804 = ''[[Cnemidaria horrida]]''
* ''Cyathea decurrentiloba'' Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]''
* ''Cyathea elegantissima'' (Fée) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]''
* ''Cyathea ewanii'' Alston, 1958 = ''[[Cnemidaria ewanii]]''
* ''Cyathea grandifolia'' Willdenow, 1810 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]''
* ''Cyathea grandis'' (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria mutica]]''
* ''Cyathea guatemalensis'' (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]''
* ''Cyathea horrida'' (Linnaeus) J. E. Smith, 1793 = ''[[Cnemidaria horrida]]''
* ''Cyathea imrayana'' (W. J. Hooker) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]''
* ''Cyathea karsteniana'' Klotzsch, 1852 = ''[[Cnemidaria karsteniana]]''
* ''Cyathea kohautiana'' (Presl) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]''
* ''Cyathea leprieurii'' (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria cruciata]]''
* ''Cyathea liebmannii'' Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]''
* ''Cyathea lucida'' (Fée) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]''
* ''Cyathea minita'' Kaulfuss, 1824 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]''
* ''Cyathea mutica'' (Christ) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria mutica]]''
* ''Cyathea obtusa'' (Kaulfuss) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]''
* ''Cyathea roraimensis'' (Domin) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria roraimensis]]''
* ''Cyathea spectabilis'' (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria spectabilis]]''
** ''Cyathea spectabilis'' var. ''colombiensis'' Stolze, 1974 = [[Cnemidaria spectabilis|''Cnemidaria spectabilis'' var. ''colombiensis'']]
** ''Cyathea spectabilis'' var. ''longipinna'' (Domin) Domin, 1929 = [[Cnemidaria spectabilis|''Cnemidaria spectabilis'' var. ''spectabilis'']]
** ''Cyathea spectabilis'' var. ''trinitensis'' (Domin) Domin, 1929 = [[Cnemidaria spectabilis|''Cnemidaria spectabilis'' var. ''spectabilis'']]
* ''Cyathea subarborescens'' Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria uleana]]''
* ''Cyathea subincisa'' (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria speciosa]]''
==Notes==
<references />
==References==
* Braggins, John E. & Large, Mark F. 2004. ''Tree Ferns''. Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 0-88192-630-2
* [http://www.ipni.org/ The International Plant Names Index]
==External links==
* [http://homepages.caverock.net.nz/~bj/fern/cyathea.htm ''Cyathea'': World Species List]
* [http://homepages.caverock.net.nz/~bj/fern/alsophila.htm ''Alsophila'': World Species List]
* [http://homepages.caverock.net.nz/~bj/fern/sphaeropteris.htm ''Sphaeropteris'': World Species List]
* [http://www.baumfarn.at/treefern Community: Care and propagation of Treeferns] (German/English)
[[Category:Cyatheaceae]]
[[da:Træbregne]]
[[de:Cyathea]]
[[es:Cyathea]]
[[fr:Cyathea]]
[[nl:Cyathea]]
[[ja:ヘゴ]]