Cyathea 1709293 220876236 2008-06-22T01:05:05Z Mgiganteus1 808022 copyedit caption {{Taxobox | name = ''Cyathea'' | image = Cyathea-med3.jpg | image_width = 220px | image_caption = ''Cyathea medullaris'' growing in [[New Zealand]] | regnum = [[Plant]]ae | divisio = [[Pteridophyta]] | classis = [[Pteridopsida]] | ordo = [[Cyatheales]] | familia = [[Cyatheaceae]] | genus = '''''Cyathea''''' | genus_authority = [[James Edward Smith|J. E. Smith]], 1793 | subdivision_ranks = [[Subgenus|Subgenera]] and [[Section (biology)|sections]] | subdivision = * '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea subg. Cyathea|Cyathea]]''''' ** ''[[Cyathea sect. Alsophila|Alsophila]]'' ** ''[[Cyathea sect. Cyathea|Cyathea]]'' * '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris|Sphaeropteris]]''''' ** ''[[Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris|Sphaeropteris]]'' | synonyms = * ''Acanthea'' <small>Lindig, 1861</small> * ''Alsophila'' <small>R. Brown, 1810</small> * ''Amphicosmia'' <small>Gardner, 1842</small> * ''Chlamydia'' <small>Moore, 1857</small> * ''Chnoophora'' <small>Kaulfuss, 1824</small> * ''Cormiophyllum'' <small>Newman, 1856</small> * ''Cyatheopsis'' <small>Karsten, 1858</small> * ''Dichorexia'' <small>Presl, 1847</small> * ''Dicranophlebia'' <small>Martius, 1834</small> * ''Disphenia'' <small>Presl, 1836</small> * ''Eatoniopteris'' <small>Bommer, 1873</small> * ''Eleutheria'' <small>Kunze, 1844</small> * ''Fourniera'' <small>Bommer, 1873</small> * ''Gymnopremnon'' <small>Lindig, 1861</small> * ''Gymnosphaera'' <small>Blume, 1828</small> * ''Halophlebia'' <small>Martius, 1834</small> * ''Nephelea'' <small>Tryon, 1970</small> * ''Notocarpia'' <small>Presl, 1836</small> * ''Notophoria'' <small>Presl, 1848</small> * ''Sarcopholis'' * ''Schizocaena'' <small>W. J. Hooker, 1838</small> * ''Schizocaena'' <small>J. E. Smith, 1838</small> * ''Sclephropteris'' <small>P. G. Windisch</small> * ''Sphaeropteris'' <small>Bernhardi, 1801</small> * ''Thysanobotrya'' <small>Alderwerelt, 1918</small> * ''Trachypremnon'' <small>Lindig, 1861</small> * ''Trichipteris'' <small>Presl, 1822</small> * ''Trichopteris'' <small>Spreng., ''orth. var.''</small> }} '''''Cyathea''''' is a [[genus]] of [[tree fern]]s, the type genus of the [[fern]] order [[Cyatheales]]. They are mostly terrestrial ferns, usually with a single tall stem. Rarely, the trunk may be branched or creeping. Many species also develop a fibrous mass of roots at the base of the trunk. The genus has a [[pantropical]] distribution, with over 470 species. They grow in habitats ranging from [[tropical rain forest]]s to [[temperate woodland]]s. The genus name ''Cyathea'' is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''kyatheion'', meaning "little cup", and refers to the cup-shaped [[Sorus|sori]] on the underside of the fronds. The best known species include: * ''[[Cyathea brownii]]'', the Norfolk Tree Fern * ''[[Cyathea cooperi]]'', the Australian Tree Fern or Lacy Tree Fern * ''[[Cyathea dealbata]]'', the Silver Tree Fern * ''[[Cyathea medullaris]]'', the New Zealand Black Tree Fern ==Classification== The classification below follows the findings of Conant ''et al.'' in 1996. Conant concluded, based on molecular [[cpDNA]] and morphological evidence, that a system of three clades &mdash; ''Alsophila'', ''Cyathea'' and ''Sphaeropteris'', whereby ''Alsophila'' is most basal and ''Cyathea'' and ''Sphaeropteris'' are derived sister groups &mdash; is the most accurate reflection of evolutionary lineages within the [[Cyatheaceae]]. {| |- valign=top | * '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea subg. Cyathea|Cyathea]]''''' ** '''Section ''[[Cyathea sect. Alsophila|Alsophila]]''''' *** ''[[Cyathea abbottii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea acanthophora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea acrostichoides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea acuminata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea affinis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea albidosquamata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea alderwereltii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea alleniae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea alpicola]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea amboinensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea amintae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea andersonii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea aneitensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea annae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea apiculata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea apoensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea approximata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea archboldii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ascendens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea atropurpurea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea australis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea baileyana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea balanocarpa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea batjanensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea biformis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea borneensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × boytelii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea brevipinna]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea brooksii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea bryophila]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea buennemeijerii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea callosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea camerooniana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea capensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea catillifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea caudata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea chinensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea christii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cincinnata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cinerea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea coactilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea colensoi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × confirmis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea corcovadensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea costalisora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea costulisora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea crassa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea croftii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cucullifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cunninghamii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cuspidata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dealbata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea deckenii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea decora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea decrescens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dicksonioides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dimorpha]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea doctersii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dregei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × dryopteroides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea edanoi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea elongata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea erinacea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea eriophora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea esmeraldensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea everta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea excavata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea exilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea fadenii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × fagildei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea fenicis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ferruginea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea foersteri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea fulgens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea fuliginosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea geluensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea gigantea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea glaberrima]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea glabra]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea glaziovii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea gleichenioides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea gregaria]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea grevilleana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea halconensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hancockii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea havilandii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea henryi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea heterochlamydea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hooglandii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hookeri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hornei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea horridula]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hotteana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea humilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hunsteiniana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hymenodes]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea imbricata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea imrayana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea incana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea incisoserrata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea inquinans]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea insulana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea javanica]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea junghuhniana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea kanehirae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea kermadecensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea khasyana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea klossii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea latebrosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea latipinnula]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ledermannii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea lepidoclada]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea loerzingii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea loheri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea longipes]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea lurida]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea macarthurii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea macgillivrayi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea macgregorii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea macropoda]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea madagascarica]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea magnifolia]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea manniana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea marattioides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × marcescens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea masapilidensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea media]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × medinae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea mesosora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea metteniana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea mexicana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea microchlamys]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea microphylloides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea mildbraedii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea milnei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea minor]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea modesta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea mossambicensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea muelleri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea negrosiana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nicklesii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nigrolineata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nigropaleata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nilgirensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nockii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea obtusiloba]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ogurae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea oinops]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea oosora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea orientalis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pachyrrhachis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pallidipaleata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea parva]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea patellifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea percrassa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea perpelvigera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea perpunctulata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea perrieriana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea physolepidota]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea plagiostegia]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea podophylla]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea polycarpa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea polystichoides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea portoricensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pruinosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pseudomuelleri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pubescens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea punctulata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pycnoneura]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea raciborskii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ramispina]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea rebeccae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea recommutata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea recurvata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea rigens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea rubella]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea rubiginosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea rufopannosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea rupestris]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea saccata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea salletii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea salvinii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea scandens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea schlechteri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea schliebenii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea sechellarum]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea semiamplectens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea serratifolia]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea setosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea setulosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea sinuata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea smithii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea solomonensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea spinulosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea stuebelii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea subdubia]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea subtripinnata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea sumatrana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tenuicaulis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ternatea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea thomsonii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tryoniana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tsilotsilensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tussacii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea urbanii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea vandeusenii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea vieillardii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea walkerae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea welwitschii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea wengiensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea woodwardioides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea woollsiana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea zakamenensis]]'' | * '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea subg. Cyathea|Cyathea]]''''' ** '''Section ''[[Cyathea sect. Cyathea|Cyathea]]''''' *** ''[[Cyathea acutidens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea alata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea albomarginata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea alphonsiana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea alstonii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea amazonica]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea andina]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea arborea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea armata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea aspera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea atahuallpa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea aterrima]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea atrovirens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea barringtonii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × bernardii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea bettinae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea bicrenata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea bipinnata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea boliviana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea borinquena]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea bradei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea brevistipes]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea brunnescens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × calolepis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea caracasana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cicatricosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea concordia]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea conformis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea conjugata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea corallifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea costaricensis]]'' *** †''[[Cyathea cranhamii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cyatheoides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cyclodium]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cystolepis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea darienensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea decomposita]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea decorata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea decurrens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea delgadii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea demissa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dichromatolepis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dissimilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dissoluta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea divergens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dombeyi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea dudleyi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ebenina]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea estelae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea falcata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea frigida]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea fulva]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea furfuracea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea gardneri]]''<ref>''Cyathea gardneri'' (W. J. Hooker) Lellinger 1987, not ''C. gardneri'' W. J. Hooker 1844.</ref> *** ''[[Cyathea gibbosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea glauca]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea gracilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea halonata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea harrisii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea haughtii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hemiepiphytica]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hirsuta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hodgeana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea holdridgeana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea howeana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea impar]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea intramarginalis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea jamaicensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea kalbreyeri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea lasiosora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea latevagens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea lechleri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea leucofolis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × lewisii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea lockwoodiana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea macrocarpa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea macrosora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea marginalis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea microdonta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea microphylla]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea microphylla]]''<ref>''Cyathea microphylla'' (Klotzsch) Tryon 1970, not ''C. microphylla'' Mettenius 1856.</ref> *** ''[[Cyathea mucilagina]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea multiflora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea multisegmenta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea myosuroides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nanna]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nesiotica]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nigripes]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nodulifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea notabilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea onusta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea palaciosii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea paladensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pallescens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea parianensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea parva]]''<ref>''Cyathea parva'' (Maxon) Tryon 1976, not ''C. parva'' Copeland 1942.</ref> *** ''[[Cyathea parvula]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pauciflora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea petiolata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea phalaenolepis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea phalerata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea phegopteroides]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pilosissima]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pinnula]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea platylepis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea poeppigii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea praecincta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pseudonanna]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pubens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea punctata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pungens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea robertsiana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea rufa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ruiziana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea sagittifolia]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea schiedeana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea schlimii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea senilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea simplex]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea sipapoensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea speciosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea squamulosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea steyermarkii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea stipularis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea stokesii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea stolzei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea straminea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea subtropica]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea suprastrigosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea surinamensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tenera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tortuosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea trichiata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tryonorum]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea ursina]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea valdecrenata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea venezuelensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea villosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea weatherbyana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea wendlandii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea werffii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea williamsii]]'' | * '''Subgenus ''[[Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris|Sphaeropteris]]''''' ** '''Section ''[[Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris|Sphaeropteris]]''''' *** ''[[Cyathea aciculosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea aeneifolia]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea agatheti]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea albifrons]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea albosetacea]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea alternans]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea angiensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea angustipinna]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea aramaganensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea arthropoda]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea assimilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea atrospinosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea atrox]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea auriculifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea binuangensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea brackenridgei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea brownii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea brunei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea brunoniana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea capitata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea carrii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea celebica]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea contaminans]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cooperi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea crinita]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea cuatrecasassi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea curranii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea deminuens]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea discophora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea elliptica]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea elmeri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea feani]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea felina]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea fugax]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea fusca]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea gardneri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea hainanensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea inaequalis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea insignis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea insularum]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea integra]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea intermedia]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea × lathamii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea leichhardtiana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea lepifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea leucolepis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea leucotricha]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea lunulata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea macrophylla]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea magna]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea marginata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea medullaris]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea megalosora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea mertensiana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea microlepidota]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea moluccana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea moseleyi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea nigricans]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea novae-caledoniae]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea obliqua]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea obscura]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea papuana]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea parksii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea parvipinna]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea persquamulifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea philippinensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pilulifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea polypoda]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea princeps]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea procera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea propinqua]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea pulcherrima]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea quindiuensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea robinsonii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea robusta]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea rosenstockii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea runensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea sarasinorum]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea senex]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea setifera]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea sibuyanensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea squamulata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea stipipinnula]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea strigosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea subsessilis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea suluensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tenggerensis]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea teysmannii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tomentosa]] *** ''[[Cyathea tomentosissima]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea trichodesma]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea trichophora]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tripinnata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea tripinnatifida]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea truncata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea vaupelii]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea verrucosa]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea vittata]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea wallacei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea werneri]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea whitmeei]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea womersleyi]]'' *** ''[[Cyathea zamboangana]]'' |} ===Uncertain or dubious taxa=== * ''[[Alsophila crassa]]'' Karsten, 1869 * ''[[Cyathea affinis]]'' M. Martens & Galeotti, 1842 ==Misassigned taxa== * ''Cyathea abitaguensis'' (Domin) Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria uleana]]'' * ''Cyathea antillana'' Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]'' * ''Cyathea aristata'' Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria apiculata]]'' * ''Cyathea choricarpa'' (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria choricarpa]]'' * ''Cyathea commutata'' Sprengel, 1804 = ''[[Cnemidaria horrida]]'' * ''Cyathea decurrentiloba'' Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]'' * ''Cyathea elegantissima'' (Fée) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]'' * ''Cyathea ewanii'' Alston, 1958 = ''[[Cnemidaria ewanii]]'' * ''Cyathea grandifolia'' Willdenow, 1810 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]'' * ''Cyathea grandis'' (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria mutica]]'' * ''Cyathea guatemalensis'' (Maxon) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]'' * ''Cyathea horrida'' (Linnaeus) J. E. Smith, 1793 = ''[[Cnemidaria horrida]]'' * ''Cyathea imrayana'' (W. J. Hooker) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]'' * ''Cyathea karsteniana'' Klotzsch, 1852 = ''[[Cnemidaria karsteniana]]'' * ''Cyathea kohautiana'' (Presl) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]'' * ''Cyathea leprieurii'' (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria cruciata]]'' * ''Cyathea liebmannii'' Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]'' * ''Cyathea lucida'' (Fée) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria decurrens]]'' * ''Cyathea minita'' Kaulfuss, 1824 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]'' * ''Cyathea mutica'' (Christ) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria mutica]]'' * ''Cyathea obtusa'' (Kaulfuss) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria grandifolia]]'' * ''Cyathea roraimensis'' (Domin) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria roraimensis]]'' * ''Cyathea spectabilis'' (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria spectabilis]]'' ** ''Cyathea spectabilis'' var. ''colombiensis'' Stolze, 1974 = [[Cnemidaria spectabilis|''Cnemidaria spectabilis'' var. ''colombiensis'']] ** ''Cyathea spectabilis'' var. ''longipinna'' (Domin) Domin, 1929 = [[Cnemidaria spectabilis|''Cnemidaria spectabilis'' var. ''spectabilis'']] ** ''Cyathea spectabilis'' var. ''trinitensis'' (Domin) Domin, 1929 = [[Cnemidaria spectabilis|''Cnemidaria spectabilis'' var. ''spectabilis'']] * ''Cyathea subarborescens'' Domin, 1930 = ''[[Cnemidaria uleana]]'' * ''Cyathea subincisa'' (Kunze) Domin, 1929 = ''[[Cnemidaria speciosa]]'' ==Notes== <references /> ==References== * Braggins, John E. & Large, Mark F. 2004. ''Tree Ferns''. Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 0-88192-630-2 * [http://www.ipni.org/ The International Plant Names Index] ==External links== * [http://homepages.caverock.net.nz/~bj/fern/cyathea.htm ''Cyathea'': World Species List] * [http://homepages.caverock.net.nz/~bj/fern/alsophila.htm ''Alsophila'': World Species List] * [http://homepages.caverock.net.nz/~bj/fern/sphaeropteris.htm ''Sphaeropteris'': World Species List] * [http://www.baumfarn.at/treefern Community: Care and propagation of Treeferns] (German/English) [[Category:Cyatheaceae]] [[da:Træbregne]] [[de:Cyathea]] [[es:Cyathea]] [[fr:Cyathea]] [[nl:Cyathea]] [[ja:ヘゴ]]