Cyril Norman Hinshelwood 1229890 225626565 2008-07-14T16:55:12Z Demophon 1837101 /* External links */ {{Infobox_Scientist |name = Cyril Norman Hinshelwood |image = Replace this image male.svg |image_width = |caption = |birth_date = {{birth date|1897|6|19}} |birth_place = [[London]], [[England]] |residence = |nationality = |death_date = {{death date and age|1967|10|9|1897|6|19}} |death_place = |field = [[physical chemistry]] |work_institution = [[University of Oxford]] |alma_mater = [[Oxford University]] |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = |prizes = [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] [[Image:Nobel medal dsc06171.jpg|20px]] |religion = |footnotes = }}'''Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood''' [[Order of Merit|OM]] [[Royal Society|FRS]] ([[June 19]], [[1897]] – [[October 9]], [[1967]]) was an [[England|English]] [[physical chemist]]. Born in [[London]], his parents were Norman Macmillan Hinshelwood, a chartered accountant, and Ethe Frances née Smith. He was educated first in [[Canada]], returning in 1905 on the death of his father to a small flat in [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]] where he lived for the rest of his life. He then studied at [[Westminster City School]] and [[Balliol College]], [[Oxford University]]. During the [[World War I|First World War]], Hinshelwood was a [[chemist]] in an [[explosives]] factory. He was a [[tutor]] at [[Trinity College, Oxford|Trinity College]] from 1921 to 1937 and was Dr Lee’s Professor of [[Chemistry]] at the [[University of Oxford]] from 1937. He served on several Advisory Councils on scientific matters to the [[British Government]]. He was elected Fellow of the [[Royal Society]] in 1929, serving as President from 1955 to 1960. He was [[knighted]] in 1948 and appointed to the [[Order of Merit]] in 1960. His early studies of molecular [[chemical kinetics|kinetics]] led to the publication of ''Thermodynamics for Students of Chemistry'' and ''The Kinetics of Chemical Change'' in [[1926]]. With [[Harold Warris Thompson]] he studied the explosive reaction of [[Hydrogen]] and [[Oxygen]] and described the phenomenon of [[chain reaction]]. His subsequent work on chemical changes in the bacterial cell proved to be of great importance in later research work on [[antibiotics]] and therapeutic agents, and his book, ''The Chemical Kinetics of the Bacterial Cell'' was published in [[1946]], followed by ''Growth, Function and Regulation in Bacterial Cells'' in [[1966]]. In 1951 he published ''The Structure of Physical Chemistry''. It was republished as an Oxford Classic Texts in the Physical Sciences by Oxford University Press in 2005. With [[Nikolay Nikolayevich Semyonov|Nikolay Semenov]] of the USSR, Hinshelwood was jointly awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] in 1956 for his researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions. Sir Cyril was President of the [[Chemical Society]] and of the [[Faraday Society]], and gained many awards and honorary degrees. Sir Cyril never married. He was fluent in many languages and his main hobbies were painting, collecting [[China (pottery)|Chinese pottery]], and foreign literature. He died, at home, on [[9 October]], [[1967]]. ==See also== * [[E. J. Bowen]], a contemporary [[Oxford University|Oxford]] chemist ==References== *{{cite journal | title = Obituary: Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, KT., O.M., M.A., D.SC., F.R.S., 1897–1967 | author = C. F. Cullis | journal = Journal Chemical Society | volume = | issue = | pages = X001–X002 | year = 1967 | url = | doi = 10.1039/JR945000X001}} *{{cite journal | title = Cyril Norman Hinshelwood. 1897-1967 | author = Harold Thompson | journal = Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society | volume = 19 | issue = | pages = 374–431 | year = 1973 | url = http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0080-4606%28197312%2919%3C374%3ACNH1%3E2.0.CO%3B2-O | doi =10.1098/rsbm.1973.0015 }} *{{cite journal | title = The wartime work of Hinshelwood and his colleagues | author = J. S. Rowlinson | journal = Science | volume = 58 | issue = 2 | pages = 161–175 | year = 2004 | url = | doi = 10.1098/rsnr.2004.0050}} ==External links== * Hinshelwood's [http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1956/hinshelwood-bio.html Nobel Foundation biography] * Hinshelwood's Nobel Lecture [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1956/hinshelwood-lecture.html Chemical Kinetics in the Past Few Decades] * [http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Browse2.tcl&dsqItem=CH&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqKey=RefNo Hinshelwood Archives at the Royal Society] {{Nobel Prize in Chemistry Laureates 1951-1975}} {{Royal Society presidents 1900s}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hinshelwood, Cyril}} [[Category:1897 births]] [[Category:1967 deaths]] [[Category:People from London]] [[Category:Physical chemists]] [[Category:English chemists]] [[Category:English physicists]] [[Category:Knights Bachelor]] [[Category:Nobel laureates in Chemistry]] [[Category:English Nobel laureates]] [[Category:Presidents of the Royal Society]] [[Category:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford]] [[Category:British academics]] [[Category:Members of the Order of Merit]] [[Category:Recipients of the Copley Medal]] [[ca:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[de:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[es:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[fi:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[fr:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[it:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[ja:シリル・ヒンシュルウッド]] [[nl:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[pl:Cyril Hinshelwood]] [[pt:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[ro:Cyril Norman Hinshelwood]] [[sv:Cyril Hinshelwood]] [[zh:西里尔·欣谢尔伍德]]