Dagestan
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robot Adding: [[ba:Дағстан]]
{{Infobox Russian federal subject
|EnglishName = Republic of Dagestan
|RussianName = Республика Дагестан
|LocatorMap = Map of Russia - Republic of Dagestan (2008-03).svg
|LocatorMapLegend = Location of the Republic of Dagestan in Russia
|CoatOfArms = Coat of Arms of Dagestan.svg
|CoatOfArmsLink = [[Coat of arms of Dagestan]]
|Flag = Flag of Dagestan.svg
|FlagLink = [[Flag of Dagestan]]
|AnthemLink = [[National Anthem of the Republic of Dagestan]]
|AdmCtrOrCapital = Capital
|AdmCtrName = [[Makhachkala]]
|FoundationDate = [[January 20]], [[1921]]
|PoliticalStatus = Republic
|PoliticalStatusLink = Republics of Russia
|FederalDistrict = [[Southern Federal District|Southern]]
|EconomicRegion = [[North Caucasus economic region|North Caucasus]]
|CodeNumber = 05
|Area = 50300
|AreaRank = 52nd
|Population = 2576531
|PopulationRank = 22nd
|UrbanPopulation = 42.8%
|RuralPopulation = 57.2%
|LangLangs = s
|LangList = [[Russian language|Russian]], languages of the peoples of Dagestan
|HeadTitle = [[President of Dagestan|President]]
|HeadName = [[Mukhu Aliyev]]
|PrimeTitle = Chairman of the Government
|PrimeName = [[Shamil Zaynalov]]
|Legislature = [[People's Assembly of Dagestan|People's Assembly]]
|ConstitutionType = Constitution
|ConstitutionName = [[Constitution of the Republic of Dagestan]]
|Website = http://www.e-dag.ru/
}}
The '''Republic of Dagestan''' {{IPA2|dæɡɪˈstɑːn (IntEng), ˈdeɪɡəstæn (AmEng)}} ({{lang-ru|Респу́блика Дагеста́н}}; {{lang-av|Дагъистанлъул ДжумхIурият}}, ''{{unicode|Daɣistanłul Džumħuriyat}}''), older{{Fact|date=June 2008}} spelling '''Daghestan''', is a [[federal subjects of Russia|federal subject]] of the [[Russia|Russian Federation]] (a [[republics of Russia|republic]]).
==Terminology==
The direct [[romanization of Russian|romanization]] of the republic's name is ''Respublika Dagestan''. It is the largest republic of Russia in the [[North Caucasus]], both in area and population.
The word ''Daghestan'' or ''Daghistan'' means "country of mountains", it is derived from the Turkic word '''dağ''' meaning [[mountain]] and Persian suffix '''[[-stan]]''' meaning "land of". The name is written in [[Arabic alphabet]] as '''داغستان'''. The spelling ''Dagestan'' is a transliteration of the Russian name and is rather modern.
==Geography==
The republic is situated in the North Caucasus mountains. It is the southernmost part of Russia.
*''Area'': 50,300 km²
*''Borders'':
**''internal'': [[Kalmykia|Republic of Kalmykia]] (N), [[Chechnya|Chechen Republic]] (W), and [[Stavropol Krai]] (NW)
**''international'': [[Azerbaijan]] (S), [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] (SW)
**''water'': [[Caspian Sea]] (E)
*''Highest point'': [[Bazardyuzi Mountain]] (4,466 m)
*''Maximum N->S distance'': {{km to mi|400}}
*''Maximum E->W distance'': {{km to mi|200}}
===Time zone===
[[Image:RTZ2.png|left|75px]]
Dagestan is located in the [[Moscow Time|Moscow Time Zone]] (MSK/MSD). [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD).
{{clearleft}}
===Rivers===
[[Image:Dagestan.png|thumb|270px|Map of Dagestan]]
There are over 1,800 rivers in the republic. Major rivers include:
*[[Sulak River]]
*[[Samur River]]
*[[Terek River]]
===Lakes===
Dagestan has about {{km to mi|400}} of coast line on the [[Caspian Sea]].
===Mountains===
Most of the Republic is mountainous, with the Greater Caucasus Mountains covering the south. The highest point is the Bazardyuzi peak at 4,466 m.
===Natural resources===
Dagestan is rich in [[Petroleum|oil]], [[natural gas]], [[coal]], and many other minerals.
===Climate===
The climate is hot and dry in the summer but the winters are hard in the mountain areas.
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*''Average January temperature'': {{C to F|2}}
*''Average July temperature'': {{C to F|30}}
*''Average annual [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]]'': 200 (northern plains) to 800 mm (in the mountains).
==Administrative divisions==
{{Main|Administrative divisions of Dagestan}}
==Demographics==
[[Image:Prokudin-Gorskii-44.jpg|thumb|250px|A couple in traditional dress poses for a portrait in Dagestan. Photographed by [[Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky]], circa 1907 to 1915.]]
[[Image:Caucasus-ethnic en.svg|thumb|right|250px| Ethno-Linguistic groups in the Caucasus region]]
Because its mountainous terrain impedes travel and communication, Dagestan is unusually ethnically diverse, and still largely tribal. Unlike most other parts of Russia, the population of Dagestan is rapidly growing.
*'''Population''': 2,576,531 (2002)
**''Urban'': 1,102,577 (42.8%)
**''Rural'': 1,473,954 (57.2%)
**''Male'': 1,242,437 (48.2%)
**''Female'': 1,334,094 (51.8%)
*'''Females per 1000 males''': 1,074
*'''Average age''': 25.2 years
**''Urban'': 25.1 years
**''Rural'': 25.2 years
**''Male'': 24.0 years
**''Female'': 26.3 years
*'''Number of households''': 570,036 (with 2,559,499 people)
**''Urban'': 239,338 (with 1,088,814 people)
**''Rural'': 330,698 (with 1,470,685 people)
*'''Vital statistics''' (2005)
**''Births'': 40,814 (birth rate 15.5)
**''Deaths'': 15,585 (death rate 5.9)
Birth rate was 15.2 in the first half of 2007. [http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2007/0301/barom04.php]
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===Ethnic groups===
The people of Dagestan include a large variety of ethnic groups. According to the [[Russian Census (2002)|2002 Census]], Northeast Caucasians (including [[Caucasian Avars|Avars]], [[Dargins]] and [[Lezgins]]) make up almost 75% of the population of Dagestan. Turkic peoples, [[Kumyks]], [[Nogai people|Nogais]] and [[Azeris in Russia|Azeris]] make up 20%, and [[Russians]] 5% . Other ethnic groups each account for less than 0.5% of the total population. 90.4% of the population is Muslim.
It should be noted that such groups as the [[Botlikh people|Botlikh]], the [[Andi people|Andi]], the [[Akhvakhs]], the [[Tsez people|Tsez]] and about ten other groups were reclassified as Avars between the 1926 and 1939 censuses.<ref>Wixman, Ronald. ''The Peoples of the USSR: An Ethnographic Handbook''. (Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe, Inc, 1984) p. 11</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!
! census 1926
! census 1939
! census 1959
! census 1970
! census 1979
! census 1989
! census 2002
|-
| [[Caucasian Avars|Avars]]
| 177,189 (22.5%)
| 230,488 (24.8%)
| 239,373 (22.5%)
| 349,304 (24.5%)
| 418,634 (25.7%)
| 496,077 (27.5%)
| 758,438 (29.4%)
|-
| [[Dargins]]
| 125,707 (16.0%)
| 150,421 (16.2%)
| 148,194 (13.9%)
| 207,776 (14.5%)
| 246,854 (15.2%)
| 280,431 (15.6%)
| 425,526 (16.5%)
|-
| [[Lezgins]]
| 90,509 (11.5%)
| 96,723 (10.4%)
| 108,615 (10.2%)
| 162,721 (11.4%)
| 188,804 (11.6%)
| 204,370 (11.3%)
| 336,698 (13.1%)
|-
| [[Lak people (Dagestan)|Laks]]
| 39,878 (5.1%)
| 51,671 (5.6%)
| 53,451 (5.0%)
| 72,240 (5.1%)
| 83,457 (5.1%)
| 91,682 (5.1%)
| 139,732 (5.4%)
|-
| [[Tabasarans]]
| 31,915 (4.0%)
| 33,432 (3.6%)
| 33,548 (3.2%)
| 53,253 (3.7%)
| 71,722 (4.4%)
| 78,196 (4.3%)
| 101,152 (4.3%)
|-
| [[Rutuls]]
| 10,333 (1.3%)
| rowspan="3"| 20,408 (2.2%)
| 6,566 (0.6%)
| 11,799 (0.8%)
| 14,288 (0.9%)
| 14,955 (0.8%)
| 24,298 (0.9%)
|-
| [[Aguls]]
| 7,653 (1.0%)
| 6,378 (0.6%)
| 8,644 (0.6%)
| 11,459 (0.7%)
| 13,791 (0.8%)
| 23,314 (0.9%)
|-
| [[Tsakhurs]]
| 3,531 (0.4%)
| 4,278 (0.4%)
| 4,309 (0.3%)
| 4,560 (0.3%)
| 5,194 (0.3%)
| 8,168 (0.3%)
|-
| [[Kumyks]]
| 87,960 (11.2%)
| 100,053 (10.8%)
| 120,859 (11.4%)
| 169,019 (11.8%)
| 202,297 (12.4%)
| 231,805 (12.9%)
| 365,804 (14.2%)
|-
| [[Nogais]]
| 26,086 (3.3%)
| 4,677 (0.5%)
| 14,939 (1.4%)
| 21,750 (1.5%)
| 24,977 (1.5%)
| 28,294 (1.6%)
| 38,168 (1.5%)
|-
| [[Russians]]
| 98,197 (12.5%)
| 132,952 (14.3%)
| 213,754 (20.1%)
| 209,570 (14.7%)
| 189,474 (11.6%)
| 165,940 (9.2%)
| 120,875 (4.7%)
|-
| [[Azeris in Russia|Azeris]]
| 23,428 (3.0%)
| 31,141 (3.3%)
| 38,224 (3.6%)
| 54,403 (3.8%)
| 64,514 (4.0%)
| 75,463 (4.2%)
| 111,656 (4.3%)
|-
| [[Chechens]]
| 21,851 (2.8%)
| 26,419 (2.8%)
| 12,798 (1.2%)
| 39,965 (2.8%)
| 49,227 (3.0%)
| 57,877 (3.2%)
| 87,867 (3.4%)
|-
| Others
| 43,861 (5.6%)
| 52,031 (5.6%)
| 61,495 (5.8%)
| 63,787 (4.5%)
| 57,892 (3.6%)
| 58,113 (3.2%)
| 25,835 (1.0%)
|}
There are also forty or so tiny groups such as the [[Hinukh]], numbering 200, or the [[Akhwakh]], who are members of a complex family of indigenous Caucasians. Notable are also the [[Hunzib]] or [[Khunzal]] people who live in only four towns in the interior.
The lingua franca in Dagestan is [[Russian language|Russian]]. Over thirty local languages are also commonly spoken.
==History==
[[Image:Derbent gate.jpg|thumb|275px|In the old town of [[Derbent]], a [[World Heritage Site]].]]
The oldest records about the region refer to the [[state]] of [[Caucasian Albania]] in the south, with its capital at [[Derbent]] and other important centres at [[Chola (city)|Chola]], [[Toprakh Qala]], and [[Urtseki]]. The northern parts were held by a [[confederation]] of [[pagan]] [[tribe]]s. In the first few centuries AD, Caucasian Albania continued to rule over what is present day [[Azerbaijan]] and the area occupied by the present day [[Lezghian]]s. It was fought over in classical times by [[Rome]] and the [[Persian Empire|Persian]] [[Sassanids]] and was early converted to [[Christianity]].
In the fifth century AD, the Sassanids gained the upper hand and constructed a strong citadel at [[Derbent]], known henceforward as the [[Caspian Gates]], while the northern part of Dagestan was overrun by the [[Huns]], followed by the [[Caucasian Avars]]. It is not clear whether the latter were instrumental in the rise of the Christian kingdom in Central Dagestan highlands. Known as [[Sarir]], this [[Caucasian Avars|Avar]]-dominated state maintained a precarious existence in the shadow of [[Khazaria]] and the [[Caliphate]] until the ninth century, when it managed to assert its supremacy in the region.
In 664, the Persians were succeeded in Derbent by the Arabs who clashed with the Khazars over control of Dagestan. Although the local population rose against the Arabs of Derbent in 905 and 913, [[Islam]] was eventually adopted in urban centres, such as [[Samandar (city)|Samandar]] and [[Kubachi]] (Zerechgeran), from where it steadily penetrated into the highlands. By the 15th century, Albanian Christianity had died away, leaving a tenth-century church at [[Datuna]] as the sole monument to its existence.
Due to Muslim pressure and internal disunity, Sarir disintegrated in the early twelfth century, giving way to the [[Khanate of Avaristan]], a long-lived Muslim state which relied on the alliance with the [[Golden Horde]] and braved the devastating [[Mongol invasions]] of 1222 and 1239, followed by [[Tamerlane]]'s raid in 1389.
As the Mongol authority gradually eroded, new centres of power emerged in Kaitagi and [[Tarki]]. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, legal traditions were codified, mountainous communities (''djamaats'') obtained a considerable degree of autonomy, while the [[Kumyk]] potentates (''[[shamkhal (title)|shamhals]]'') asked for the Tsar's protection. Russians intensified their hold in the region in the eighteenth century, when [[Peter the Great]] annexed maritime Dagestan in the course of the [[First Russo-Persian War]]. Although the territories were returned to Persia in 1735, the [[Persian Expedition of 1796|next bout of hostilities]] resulted in the Russian capture of Derbent in 1796.
The eighteenth century also saw the resurgence of the Khanate of Avaristan, which managed to repulse the attacks of [[Nadir Shah]] of Persia and impose tribute on [[Shirvan]] and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. In 1803 the khanate voluntarily submitted to Russian authority, but it took Persia a decade to recognize all of Dagestan as the Russian possession ([[Treaty of Gulistan]]).
[[Image:Prokudin-Gorskii-43.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Dagestani man, photographed by [[Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii|Prokudin-Gorskii]], circa 1907 to 1915.]]
The Russian administration, however, disappointed and embittered the highlanders. The institution of heavy taxation, coupled with the expropriation of estates and the construction of fortresses (including Makhachkala), electrified highlanders into rising under the aegis of the Muslim [[Imamate of Dagestan]], led by [[Ghazi Mohammed]] (1828-32), [[Gamzat-bek]] (1832-34) and [[Shamil]] (1834-59). This [[Caucasian War]] raged until 1864, when Shamil was captured and the Khanate of Avaristan was abolished.
Dagestan and Chechnya profited from the [[Russo-Turkish War, 1877-1878]], to rise against [[Imperial Russia]] for the last time. During the Russian Civil War, the region became part of the short-lived [[Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus|Republic of the Mountaineers of the North Caucasus]]. After more than three years of fighting [[White movement]] reactionaries and local [[nationalist]]s, the [[Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] was proclaimed on [[20 January]] [[1921]]. Nevertheless, [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]]'s [[industrialization]] largely bypassed Dagestan and the economy stagnated, making the republic the poorest region in Russia.
In 1999, a group of Muslim [[fundamentalists]] from [[Chechnya]] under [[Shamil Basayev]], together with local [[converts]] and exiles from the 1998 [[uprising]] attempt, staged an abortive [[Dagestan War|insurrection in Dagestan]] in which hundreds of [[combatant]]s and [[civilian]]s died. Russian forces subsequently [[Second Chechen War|reinvaded Chechnya later that year]].
==Dagestani conflict==
Since 2000, Dagestan has been the venue of a low-level [[guerilla war]], bleeding over from Chechnya; the fighting has claimed the lives of hundreds of federal servicemen and officials – mostly members of local police forces – as well as many Dagestani national rebels and civilians.
More recently, among other incidents:
*In early 2005, government forces surrounded a group of five rebels in a two-story house on the outskirts of Makhachkala. The rebels battled the authorities for seventeen hours, killing one of Russia's elite [[Alpha Group]] [[commando]]s and wounding another, until [[armored vehicle]]s and a [[helicopter]] blew apart most of the house and its neighbour. All the rebels were killed.
*In the weeks preceding the battle, [[Insurgency|insurgents]] had derailed two trains, sabotaged gas supplies and shot dead a high-ranking [[intelligence officer]] from [[Moscow]], as well as a local [[police chief]]. A month later, Major General [[Magomed Omarov]], the deputy [[interior minister]], was [[Assassination|assassinated]] in Makhachkala.
*On [[July 1]], 2005, eleven Russian [[MVD]] [[OSNAZ]] troops were killed and seven wounded in the capital when their trucks were bombed.
*On [[August 20]], 2005, a remote-controlled bomb killed at least three police officers and wounded several more on a [[downtown]] street in the [[Makhachkala]]. The bomb detonated as a foot patrol walked past a grove of trees.
* In January 2006, a three-day battle between three thousand Russian troops led by the republic's Interior Minister and an estimated eight rebels{{Fact|date=February 2007}}<!--really only eight?--> took place on a mountain near [[Avary]]. At least three [[OMON]] and [[Spetznaz]] servicemen died and more than ten were wounded. Despite heavy [[artillery]] and [[aerial bombardment]], the rebels managaged to avoid encirclement, leaving behind an abandoned [[Dugout (shelter)|dugout]].
*On [[March 22]], 2006, a group of assailants fatally shot the chief administrator of the Botlikh [[district]] of Dagestan during a fierce gunbattle in Makhachkala.
*On [[August 27]], 2006, three police officers and four suspected militants were killed during a two-hour gun fight in Makhachkala.
==Politics==
The [[Parliament]] of Dagestan is the [[People's Assembly]], consisting of 121 deputees elected for a four-year term. The People's Assembly is the highest executive and legislative body of the republic.
According to the [[Constitution]] of Dagestan, the highest executive authority lies with the [[State Council]], comprising representatives of fourteen ethnicities. The members of the State Council are appointed by the Constitutional Assembly of Dagestan for a term of four years. The State Council appoints the members of the Government.
The ethnicities represented in the State Council are [[Aguls]], [[Caucasian Avars|Avars]], [[Azeris]], [[Chechens]], [[Dargins]], [[Kumyks]], [[Laks]], [[Lezgins]], [[Russians]], [[Rutuls]], [[Tabasaran people|Tabasarans]], [[Tats]], and [[Tsakhurs]].
Formerly, the Chairman of the State Council was the highest executive post in the republic, held by [[Magomedali Magomedov|Magomedali Magomedovich Magomedov]] until 2006. On [[February 20]], 2006, the People's Assembly passed a resolution terminating this post and disbanding the State Council. [[President of Russia|Russian President]] [[Vladimir Putin]] offered the People's Assembly the candidature of [[Mukhu Aliyev]] for the newly established post of the [[President]] of Dagestan. The nomination was accepted by the People's Assembly, and Mukhu Aliyev became the first President of Dagestan.
The Constitution of Dagestan was adopted on [[July 26]], [[1994]].
==Economy==
[[Image:RGS 07.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The village of Tindi, in Daghestan, in the late 1890s. The photograph was taken by M. de Déchy, who returned from the area with large collections of plants, fossils, and photographs.]]
As of 2000, the economy of Dagestan consisted of the following [[Industry sector|sector]]s:
* 24% [[industry]]
* 35% [[agriculture]]
* 26% [[construction]]
* {{spaces|2}}9% [[Trade]] and [[Tertiary sector of industry|services]]
* {{spaces|2}}5% [[Transport]] and [[Telecommunication|communications]]
* {{spaces|2}}1% Other sectors
Important industries include [[food processing]], [[power generation]], [[oil drilling]], [[machine]] building, [[Chemical industry|chemicals]], and instrument making. Dagestan's major exports are [[Petroleum|oil]] and fuel. Important agricultural products include [[fish]] from the [[Caspian Sea]], [[wine]] and [[brandy]], and various garden fruits.
Dagestan has economic cooperation with [[Iran]]<ref>[http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/menu-236/0612077439195407.htm Iran, Daghestan keen to expand ties - Irna<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.
Dagestan continues to be the least urbanized republic in the Caucasus.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
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==Religion==
93% percent of Dagestan's population is [[Muslim]], with [[Christianity|Christians]] accounting for much of the remaining 7%.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
As with much of the Caucasus region, Dagestan's native Islam consists of [[Sunni]] [[Sufi]] orders that have been in place for centuries. Resul Magomedov, who is a contemporary writer of Daghestan, writes about the unifying role of Islam: “Before Islam, all Daghestan tribes were divided in respect of language, religion, ethnic structure and geography like all other Caucasian peoples. This situation caused severe hostility and conflicts. After all native tribes became Muslims, a unity in belief could be sustained among Daghestan tribes which also stopped ethnic conflicts among them. If these conflicts continued, our homeland would face great disasters. This unity could only be established by medressehs spread out all the country. The scientists, scholars, imams graduated from these medressehs had an important role in stopping these conflicts in this multinational region and they helped tribes to establish friendly relations. Islam should also serve such a goal today.”
<ref>[http://www.ozturkler.com/data_english/0007/0007_16_21.htm Religion in Dagestan]</ref>
There is a millennia-old presence of a [[Jewish]] community, the "[[Mountain Jews]]," in Dagestan. Their influx from [[Babylonia]] and [[Persia]] occurred from the seventh century B.C. to the sixth century A.D. <ref>"World Culture Encyclopedia," http://www.everyculture.com/Russia-Eurasia-China/Mountain-Jews-History-and-Cultural-Relations.html</ref>
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==References and notes==
{{Reflist}}
==See also==
*[[Music of Dagestan]]
*[[Former countries in Europe after 1815]]
==External links==
*[http://www.isn.ethz.ch/pubs/ph/details.cfm?lng=en&id=31618 "The North Caucasus," Russian Analytical Digest No. 22 (5 June 2007)]
*{{ru icon}} [http://www.e-dag.ru/ Official governmental website of Dagestan]
*{{ru icon}} [http://www.magomedov.ru Official Website of the Chairman of the State Council of Dagestan]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/3659904.stm BBC Country Report on Dagestan]
*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/dagestan.html University of Texas maps of the Dagestan region]
*[http://www.stetson.edu/~psteeves/relnews/dstanpannier1905.html Radio Free Europe discusses religious tension in Dagestan]
*[http://www.isn.ch/pubs/ph/details.cfm?id=22365 ISN Case Study: The North Caucasus on the Brink (August 2006)]
*[http://www.kaukaz.net/cgi-bin/blosxom.cgi/english/dagestan Articles on Dagestan, reports from research, photos]
{{Template group
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[[Category:Dagestan| ]]
[[ar:داغستان]]
[[av:Дагъистан]]
[[az:Dağıstan]]
[[ba:Дағстан]]
[[be:Дагестан]]
[[bs:Dagestan]]
[[bg:Дагестан]]
[[ca:Daguestan]]
[[cv:Дагестан Республики]]
[[cs:Dagestán]]
[[da:Dagestan]]
[[de:Dagestan]]
[[et:Dagestan]]
[[el:Δημοκρατία του Νταγκεστάν]]
[[myv:Дагестан Республикась]]
[[es:Daguestán]]
[[eo:Dagestano]]
[[eu:Dagestan]]
[[fa:داغستان]]
[[fr:Daguestan]]
[[ga:An Dagastáin]]
[[gl:Daguestán - Дагестан]]
[[got:Dagestan]]
[[ko:다게스탄 공화국]]
[[hy:Դաղստան]]
[[hr:Dagestan]]
[[id:Dagestan]]
[[os:Дагъистан]]
[[it:Daghestan]]
[[he:דאגסטן]]
[[pam:Dagestan]]
[[ka:დაღესტანი]]
[[csb:Dagestan]]
[[ku:Daxistan]]
[[lbe:Дагъусттан]]
[[lv:Dagestāna]]
[[lt:Dagestanas]]
[[hu:Dagesztán]]
[[mk:Дагестан]]
[[nl:Dagestan]]
[[ja:ダゲスタン共和国]]
[[no:Dagestan]]
[[nn:Dagestan]]
[[nds:Dagestan]]
[[pl:Dagestan]]
[[pt:Daguestão]]
[[ro:Daghestan]]
[[ru:Дагестан]]
[[sk:Dagestan]]
[[sr:Дагестан]]
[[sh:Dagestan]]
[[fi:Dagestan]]
[[sv:Dagestan]]
[[ta:தாகெஸ்தான்]]
[[tr:Dağıstan]]
[[uk:Дагестан]]
[[zh:达吉斯坦共和国]]