Dairy product 8097 223088127 2008-07-02T14:46:26Z SpillingBot 6861762 robot Adding: [[pt:Lacticínios]] '''Dairy products ''' are generally defined as [[food]]stuffs produced from [[milk]]. They are usually high-energy-yielding food products. A production plant for such processing is called a [[dairy]] or a dairy factory. Raw milk for processing generally comes from [[cattle|cow]]s, but occasionally from other [[mammal]]s such as [[dairy goat|goats]], [[domestic sheep|sheep]], [[Domestic buffalo|water buffalo]], [[yak]]s, or [[horse]]s. Dairy products are commonly found in [[European cuisine|European]], [[Middle Eastern]] and [[Indian cuisine]], whereas they are almost unknown in [[East Asian]] cuisine. [[Image:Milkproducts.svg|thumb|500px|Milk products and production relationships]] [[Image:Dairy farm.jpg|thumb|200px|Dairy farm]] == Type of dairy products == '''*[[Milk]],''' after optional [[homogenization]], [[pasteurization]], in several grades of bacteria ''Streptococcus lactis'' and ''Leuconostoc citrovorum'' ***[[Crème fraîche]], slightly fermented cream ***[[Smetana (dairy product)|Smetana]], Central and Eastern European variety of sour cream ***[[Clotted cream]], thick spoonable cream made by heating **[[Cultured buttermilk]], fermented concentrated (water removed) milk using the same bacteria as sour cream **[[Powdered milk|Milk powder]] (or powdered milk), produced by removing the water from milk *** Whole milk & buttermilk *** [[Skim milk]] *** Cream *** High milk-fat & nutritional powders (for infant formulas) *** Cultured and confectionery powders **[[Condensed milk]], milk which has been concentrated by evaporation, often with sugar added for longer life in an opened can **[[Evaporated milk]], (less concentrated than condensed) milk without added sugar **[[Ricotta cheese]], milk heated and reduced in volume, known in Indian cuisine as [[Khoa (food)|Khoa]] **[[Infant formula]], dried milk powder with specific additives for feeding human infants **[[Baked milk]], a variety of boiled milk that has been particularly popular in [[Russia]] *[[Butter]], mostly milk fat, produced by churning cream **[[Buttermilk]], the liquid left over after producing butter from cream, often dried as [[livestock]] food **[[Ghee]], clarified butter, by gentle heating of butter and removal of the solid matter ** [[Anhydrous]] milkfat *[[Cheese]], produced by coagulating milk, separating from whey and letting it ripen, generally with [[bacterium|bacteria]] and sometimes also with certain [[mold]]s **[[Curd]]s, the soft curdled part of milk (or skim milk) used to make cheese (or casein) **Whey, the liquid drained from curds and used for further processing or as a livestock food **[[Cottage cheese]] **[[Quark (cheese)|Quark]] **[[Cream cheese]], produced by the addition of cream to milk and then curdled to form a rich curd or cheese made from skim milk with cream added to the curd **[[Fromage frais]] * [[Casein]] ** [[Caseinates]] ** Milk [[protein]] concentrates and isonates ** [[Whey]] protein concentrates and isonates ** [[Hydrolysates]] ** [[Mineral]] concentrates *[[Yoghurt|Yogurt]], milk fermented by ''[[Streptococcus]] salivarius ssp. thermophilus'' and ''[[Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus]]'' sometimes with additional bacteria, such as ''[[Lactobacillus]] acidophilus'' **[[Ayran]] **[[Lassi]] *[[Gelato]], slowly frozen milk and water *[[Ice cream]], slowly frozen cream and emulsifying additives **[[Ice milk]] **[[Frozen custard]] **[[Frozen yogurt]], yogurt with emulsifiers that is frozen *Other **[[Kumis]]/[[Airag]], slightly fermented mares' milk popular in [[Central Asia]] **[[Viili]] **[[Kajmak]] **[[Kefir|Kephir]] **[[Filmjölk]] **[[Piimä]] **[[Vla]] **[[Dulce de leche]] **[[Uloo kao patha laeen ka]] == Criticism == Dairy may cause health issues for individuals with [[lactose intolerant|lactose intolerance]] and [[milk allergies]]. [[Vegan]]s and some [[vegetarian]]s avoid dairy products due to a variety of [[ethic]]al, [[Diet (nutrition)|dietary]], [[environment (biophysical)|environment]]al, [[politics|political]], and [[religion|religious]] concerns. == Eggs as dairy? == [[Egg (food)|Egg]]s are sometimes categorized as dairy, defining dairy as "food that is produced by animals (other than meat)" rather than as milk specifically. For example, the [[Open Directory Project]] at one point listed cooking eggs as a subcategory of cooking dairy products. Defining dairy as limited to milk products, however, is more common. == External links == {{cookbook}} *[http://www.idswageningen.nl International Dairy School] *[http://www.food-info.net/uk/qa/dairy.htm Questions and Answers on dairy products] *[http://www.milkacademy.com MilkAcademy - Applicable information about milking equipments and dairy farming] {{FA link|es}} [[Category:Dairy products| ]] {{Link FA|es}} [[ast:Llácteu]] [[bs:Mliječni proizvodi]] [[br:Boued-laezh]] [[cs:Mléčný výrobek]] [[da:Mælkeprodukter]] [[de:Milchprodukt]] [[es:Lácteo]] [[fa:لبنیات]] [[fr:Produit laitier]] [[gl:Produtos lácteos]] [[ko:유제품]] [[is:Mjólkurafurð]] [[he:מוצרי חלב]] [[lt:Pieno produktas]] [[nl:Zuivel]] [[ja:乳製品]] [[pl:Nabiał]] [[pt:Lacticínios]] [[ru:Молочные продукты]] [[simple:Dairy product]] [[sl:Mlečni izdelek]] [[fi:Maitotuote]] [[zh:奶制品]]