Daniel Pipes
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{{Infobox Writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox Writer/doc]] -->
| name = Daniel Pipes
| image = Daniel pipes bw.jpg
| imagesize = 230px
| caption =
| pseudonym =
| birthdate = {{birth date and age|1949|9|9}}
| birthplace = [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]]
| deathdate =
| deathplace =
| occupation = [[Commentator]]; [[Distinguished Visiting Professor]] at [[Pepperdine University]] (Spring '07); Director of [[Middle East Forum]]
| nationality = [[United States]]
| period =
| genre =
| subject = [[Middle East]], [[Islamic terrorism]], [[Islamism]]
| movement =
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| relatives = [[Richard Pipes]]
| influences =
| influenced =
| signature =
| website = http://www.danielpipes.org
}}
'''Daniel Pipes''' (born [[September 9]], [[1949]]) is a [[neoconservative]]<ref name=PipesBio>{{cite web|url=http://www.danielpipes.org/bios/ |title=Biography of Daniel Pipes|last=Pipes|first=Daniel|accessdate=2008-05-12}}</ref> [[United States|American]] historian and political commentator who specializes in the [[Middle East]] and [[Islam]].
Pipes has taught at [[Harvard University|Harvard]] and [[University of Chicago]], served as a member of the board of the [[U.S. Institute of Peace]], and is the founder and director of the [[Middle East Forum]], a think tank, as well as the founder of [[Campus Watch]], an organization which critiques what it characterises as poor scholarship concerning the Middle East.
Pipes has written or co-written 18 books. He has had his work published by many newspapers across North America, including the ''[[Washington Post]]'', ''[[New York Times]]'', and ''[[Wall Street Journal]]''. Pipes is frequently invited to discuss the Middle East on American network television, as well as by universities and think tanks, has appeared on the [[BBC]] and [[Al Jazeera]], and has lectured in 25 countries.<ref name=PipesBio/> He has served as an advisor to [[Rudolph Giuliani]]'s 2008 presidential campaign.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSN1641392220071119 |title= Giuliani style evokes concern among critics |work=[[Reuters]] |date=2007-11-19 |first=Ellen|list=Wulfhorst}}</ref>
According to the ''[[New York Times]]'', "Among his supporters, Mr. Pipes enjoys a heroic status; among his detractors, he is reviled."<ref name=Elliott>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/28/nyregion/28school.html?_r=1&ref=nyregion&oref=slogin | title=Critics Cost Muslim Educator Her Dream School |first=Andrea |last=Elliot |date=2008-04-27 |accessdate=2008-05-03 |work= [[The New York Times]]}}</ref>
==Biography==
=== Early life ===
Pipes was born in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], the son of [[Harvard University|Harvard]] historian [[Richard Pipes]]<ref name=Press>{{cite news
| first = Eyal | last = Press
| url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb1367/is_200405/ai_n6382769
| title = Neocon man: Daniel Pipes has made his name inveighing against an academy overrun by political extremists but he is nothing if not extreme in his own views.
| publisher = ''The Nation''
| date = May 2004
| accessdate = 2007-08-17
}}</ref> and his wife Irene (née Roth), and grew up in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]. Both Pipes' parents were from assimilated [[Poland|Polish]] [[Jew]]ish families that fled from [[Poland]] in 1939. The couple met in the [[United States]] in 1944 and married two years later. Pipes was their first child.
=== Education ===
Pipes attended the Harvard pre-school, then received a private school education, partly abroad. He enrolled in Harvard University, where his father was then still a professor, in the fall of 1967; for his first two years he studied [[mathematics]], but has said: "I wasn't smart enough. So I chose to become a historian."<ref name=Tassel>{{cite news |first=Janet |last=Tassel|url=http://www.harvardmagazine.com/on-line/010540.html |title= Militan About "Islamism"|work=[[Harvard Magazine]]|accessdate=2008-05-12|date=January-February 2005}}</ref> He said he "found the material too abstract."<ref name=Ballon>{{cite news |title=Daniel Pipes fights the worldwide threat of Islamism - from Malibu|url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/4326 |last=Ballon|first=Marc|work=[[Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles]]|date=2007-03-06|accessdate=2008-05-12}}</ref> He credits visits to the [[Sahara Desert]] in 1968 and the [[Sinai Desert]] in 1969 for piquing his interest in the [[Arabic language]],<ref name=Tassel/> and visits to Niger and Tunisia for piquing his interest in the Islamic world, and he changed his major to Middle East history.<ref name=Ballon/> For the next two years Pipes studied [[Arabic language|Arabic]] and the [[Middle East]], obtaining a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in [[history]] in 1971; his senior thesis was titled ''A Medieval Islamic Debate: The World Created in Eternity'', a study of [[Al-Ghazali]].<ref name=Tassel/> After graduating in 1971, Pipes spent nearly two years in [[Cairo, Egypt|Cairo]]. He learned Arabic and studied the [[Quran]], which he said gave him an appreciation for Islam. <ref name=Ballon/>
=== Career in academia ===
Pipes returned to Harvard in 1973 and obtained a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in medieval Islamic history<ref name=Press/> in 1978. His Ph.D. dissertation eventually became his first book, ''Slave Soldiers and Islam'', in 1981. He studied abroad for six years, three of which were spent in [[Egypt]], where he wrote a book on colloquial [[Egyptian Arabic]] which was published in 1983. He switched his academic interest from medieval Islamic studies to modern Islam in the late 1970s.<ref name=Press/>
He taught world history at the [[University of Chicago]] from 1972 to 1982, history at Harvard from 1983 to 1984, and policy and strategy at the [[Naval War College]] from 1984 to 1986. In 1983, Pipes served on the policy-planning staff at the State Department.
=== Post-academia ===
Pipes largely retired from academia after 1986, though in 2007 he taught a course titled "International Relations: Islam and Politics" as a visiting professor at [[Pepperdine University]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pepperdine.edu/pr/releases/2006/december/danielpipes.htm|title=School of Public Policy Announces 2007 Distinguished Visiting Professor: Daniel Pipes|publisher=[[Pepperdine University]]|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref> Pipes told an interviewer from ''[[Harvard Magazine]]'' that he has "the simple politics of a truck driver, not the complex ones of an academic. My viewpoint is not congenial with institutions of higher learning."<ref name=Tassel/>
From 1986 on, Pipes worked for various think tanks. From 1986 to 1993 he was director of the [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]]-based [[Foreign Policy Research Institute]] (FPRI) and editor of its journal, ''Orbis''. In 1990 he organized the [[Middle East Forum]] as a unit of FPRI; it became an independent organization with himself as head in 1994.{{Fact|date=March 2008}} Pipes edits its journal, the ''[[Middle East Quarterly]]''. In 2002, he established [[Campus Watch]] as a project of the Middle East Forum.
In 2003, President [[George W. Bush]] nominated Pipes for the board of the [[United States Institute of Peace]]. After a controversy including a filibuster by [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] Senators,<ref name=LATedit>{{cite news|title=A Misdirected Attack: Editorial|url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/1205|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=2003-08-17|accessdate=2008-05-12}}</ref> Pipes obtained the position by [[recess appointment]].<ref name=Tassel/>
==Campus Watch==
{{main|Campus Watch}}
Pipes' think tank the [[Middle East Forum]] established a website in 2002 called [[Campus Watch]], which identified what it saw as five problems in the teaching of Middle Eastern studies at American universities: "analytical failures, the mixing of politics with scholarship, intolerance of alternative views, [[apologetics]], and the abuse of power over students." According to the ''[[New York Times]]'', Campus Watch is the project for which Pipes is "perhaps best known."<ref name=Elliott/>
Through Campus Watch, Pipes encouraged students and faculty to submit information on "Middle East-related scholarship, lectures, classes, demonstrations, and other activities relevant to Campus Watch".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.campus-watch.org/incident.php |title=Keep Us Informed |publisher=Campus Watch}}</ref> The project was accused of "[[McCarthyism|McCarthyesque]] intimidation" of professors who criticized [[Israel]] when it published "dossiers" on eight professors it thought "hostile" to America. In protest, more than 100 academics demanded to be added to what some called a "blacklist". In October 2002 Campus Watch removed the dossiers from their website.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2002/09/28/MN227890.DTL | title = Professors want own names put on Mideast blacklist - They hope to make it powerless | work = [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | first = Tanya | last = Schevitz | date = 2002-09-28 | accessdate = 2008-03-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.campus-watch.org/article/id/416 | title = Column a slur on Muslim community | first = Hussam | last = Ayloush | work = [[Orange County Register]] | date = 2002-12-01 | accessdate = 2008-03-01 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.campus-watch.org/article/id/209 | title = 'Dossiers' dropped from Web blacklist | work = [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | first = Tanya | last = Schevitz | date = 2002-10-03 | accessdate = 2008-03-12}}</ref><ref name=McNeil>{{cite news |first=Kristine |last=McNeil |url=http://www.thenation.com/doc/20021125/mcneil |title=The War on Academic Freedom |work=[[The Nation]] |date=2002-11-11 |accessed=2007-10-21}}</ref>
== Views on Islam ==
Pipes is a harsh critic of what he views as Islamic radicalism, for which he has attracted both opprobrium as a bigot and praise as a prophetic figure.
Pipes' ally [[Jeff Jacoby (columnist)|Jeff Jacoby]] writes: "To hear his critics tell it, Pipes is an '[[Islamophobia|Islamophobe]]' and an anti-Muslim bigot whose ignorance about Islam is matched only by his hostility toward it." But in Jacoby's view, "these are gross and vicious libels."<ref name=Jacoby>{{cite web |url= http://www.danielpipes.org/article/1129 |title=Pipes's effective route to peace |publisher=Daniel Pipes}}</ref>
[[Tashbih Sayyed]], editor of the ''Muslim World Today'' and the ''[[Pakistan Times]]'', calls Pipes "a [[Cassandra]]. He must be listened to. If there is no Daniel Pipes, there is no source for America to learn to recognize the evil which threatens it... Muslims in America that are like Samson; they have come into the temple to pull down the pillars, even if it means destroying themselves."<ref name=Tassel/>. Sheikh Dr. [[Ahmed Subhy Mansour]], a former visiting fellow at [[Harvard Law School]], writes, "We Muslims need a thinker like Dr. Pipes, who can criticize the terrorist culture within Islam."<ref name=Tassel/>
However, in ''[[The Nation]]'', Kristine McNeil describes Pipes as an "anti-Arab propagandist" who has built a career out of "distortions...twist[ing] words, quot[ing] people out of context and stretch[ing] the truth to suit his purpose."<ref name=McNeil/> [[James Zogby]] argues that Pipes possesses an "obsessive hatred of all things Muslim", and that "Pipes is to Muslims what David Duke is to African-Americans."<ref name=Jacoby/> [[Christopher Hitchens]], a fellow supporter of the [[Iraq War]] and critic of political Islam, has also criticized Pipes, arguing that Pipes pursues an intolerant agenda, "confuses scholarship with propaganda", and "pursues petty vendettas with scant regard for objectivity", making him a "poor if not useless ally".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://slate.msn.com/id/2086844/|title=Pipes the propagandist|first=Christopher|last=Hitchens| work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|date=2003-08-11|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref>
Pipes' views gained widespread public attention when they triggered a filibuster in the [[United States Senate]] against his nomination by President [[George W. Bush]] to the board of the [[United States Institute of Peace]].<ref name=LATedit/> Senator [[Tom Harkin]] (D-IA) explained that he was offended by Pipes' comments on Islam, and that while "some people call [Pipes] a scholar... this is not the kind of person you want on the USIP."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.baltimorechronicle.com/jul03_pipes-stalled.html|title=Daniel Pipes nomination stalled in committee|work=[[Baltimore Chronicle]]|date=2003-07-23|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref> While defending Pipes' nomination, White House spokesman [[Ari Fleischer]] distanced Bush from Pipes' views, saying that Bush disagrees with Pipes about whether Islam is a peaceful religion.<ref name=Stevenson>{{cite news|last=Stevenson|first=Richard |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F07E5DE133DF93BA15757C0A9659C8B63 |title=For Muslims, a Mixture Of White House Signals| work=[[The New York Times]] |date=2003-04-28|accessdate=2007-11-29}}</ref>
In addition, Pipes has sparked local controversies as an invited speaker at college campuses. When Pipes was invited to speak at the [[University of Toronto]] in March 2005, a letter from professors, staff and students asserted that Pipes had a "long record of [[xenophobic]], [[racist]] and [[sexist]] [speeches] that goes back to 1990."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/ArticleNews/TPStory/LAC/20050329/PIPES29/TPNational/Toronto |title=Visit by pro-Israeli prof causes uproar at UofT |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |first=Caroline |last= Alphonso |date=2005-03-29}}</ref>
University officials said they would not interfere with Pipes' visit.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://scienceforpeace.sa.utoronto.ca/Academic_Pages/Pipes_Page.html |title=Open Letter |publisher=Science for Peace}}</ref>
===Radical and moderate Islam===
Pipes has long expressed concern about the danger, as he sees it, of radical or militant Islam to the Western world. In 1985, he wrote in ''Middle East Insight'' that "[t]he scope of the radical fundamentalist's ambition poses novel problems; and the intensity of his onslaught against the United States makes solutions urgent."<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.danielpipes.org/article/266 | title = "Death to America" in Lebanon | first=Daniel|last=Pipes | work = Middle East Insight | date = March/April 1985 | accessdate = 2008-03-01 }}</ref> In the fall 1995 issue of ''National Interest'', he wrote: "Unnoticed by most Westerners, war has been unilaterally declared on Europe and the United States."<ref>{{cite news | title = There Are No Moderates: Dealing with Fundamentalist Islam
| url = http://www.danielpipes.org/article/274 | work = [[National Interest]] | date = Fall 1995 | first=Daniel |last=Pipes | accessdate = 2008-03-01 }}</ref> He wrote this in the aftermath of the [[Oklahoma City bombing]]; investigative journalist [[Steven Emerson]] had said in the aftermath of the bombing that it bore a "Middle Eastern trait." Pipes agreed with Emerson and told ''[[USA Today]]'' that the United States was "under attack" and that Islamic fundamentalists "are targeting us."<ref name=Press/> Four months before the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]], Pipes and Emerson wrote in the ''[[Wall Street Journal]]'' that [[al Qaeda]] was "planning new attacks on the U.S." and that [[Iran]]ian operatives "helped arrange advanced ... training for al Qaeda personnel in [[Lebanon]] where they learned, for example, how to destroy large buildings."<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/381 |title=Terrorism on Trial|first=Steven|last=Emerson|coauthors=Daniel Pipes|work=[[Wall Street Journal]]|date=2001-05-31|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref>
Pipes believes that moderate Muslims "constitute a very small movement", but a "brave" one, which the U.S. government should "give priority to locating, meeting with, funding, forwarding, empowering, and celebrating".<ref>{{cite news| first=Daniel| last=Pipes| url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/4426|title=Bolstering Moderate Muslims| work=[[New York Sun]]|date=2007-04-17}}</ref> He suggests that "radical Islam is the problem and moderate Islam the solution".<ref>{{cite news| first=Daniel| last=Pipes| url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/4497| title=A Million Moderate Muslims on the March|work=[[New York Sun]]|date= 2007-05-08}}</ref>
Pipes has praised [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] in Turkey and the Sudanese thinker [[Mahmud Muhammad Taha]].<ref>{{cite news| first=Daniel| last=Pipes| url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1208356966718&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull| work=[[Jerusalem Post]]| title=A democratic Islam? |date=2008-04-16| accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref>
===Muslims in Europe===
In 1990, Pipes wrote in the ''[[National Review]]'' that "Western European societies are unprepared for the massive immigration of brown-skinned peoples cooking strange foods and maintaining different standards of hygiene...All immigrants bring exotic customs and attitudes, but Muslim customs are more troublesome than most." After these sentences attracted controversy<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2001/sep/10/internetnews.worlddispatch |title= US pulls plug on Muslim websites |work=[[The Guardian]] |first=Brian |last=Whitaker |date=09-10-2001}}</ref>, Pipes, when reprinting the article on his website, said "my goal in it was to characterize the thinking of Western Europeans, not give my own views. In retrospect, I should either have put the words 'brown-skinned peoples' and 'strange foods' in quotation marks or made it clearer that I was explaining European attitudes rather than my own."<ref name=MuslimsComing>{{cite web|first=Daniel|last=Pipes|url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/198 |title=The Muslims are Coming! The Muslims are Coming!|work=[[National Review]] |date=1990-11-19 |accessdate=2008-03-13}}</ref>
In response to the [[Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy]], Pipes wrote that the "key issue at stake" was whether the "West [would] stand up for its customs and mores, including freedom of speech" and the "right to insult and blaspheme". He supported [[Robert Spencer]]'s call to "stand with resolutely with Denmark." He lauded Norway, Germany and France for their stance on the cartoons and freedom of speech. But he criticized Poland, Britain, New Zealand and the United States for giving statements he interpreted as "wrongly apologizing."<ref>{{cite news|first=Daniel|last=Pipes| url=http://www2.nysun.com/article/27151 |title=Cartoons and Islamic Imperialism |work=[[New York Sun]] |date=2006-02-07|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref>
===Muslims in the United States===
According to the ''[[New York Times]]'', Pipes has "enraged" many American Muslims by advocating that Muslims in government and military positions be given special attention as security risks and by claiming that mosques are breeding grounds for militants.<ref name=Stevenson/>
In October, 2001 Pipes said, before the convention of the American Jewish Congress. "I worry very much, from the Jewish point of view, that the presence, and increased stature, and affluence, and enfranchisement of American Muslims, because they are so much led by an Islamist leadership, that this will present true dangers to American Jews."<ref>{{cite web|last=Pipes|first= Daniel | url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/1414 | title=A French lesson for Tom Harkin |work=[[World Net Daily]] |date=2004-01-05|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ferguson |first=Barbara |url=http://www.arabnews.com/?page=4§ion=0&article=59612&d=27&m=2&y=2005 | title=Daniel Pipes Continuing His Campaign Against Muslims |work=[[Arab News]]}}</ref>
The ''[[New York Times]]'' cited as Pipes helping to "lead the charge" against [[Debbie Almontaser]], a woman with a "longstanding reputation as a Muslim moderate" whom Pipes viewed as a representative of a new movement of "lawful Islamists." Almontaser resigned under pressure as principal of an Arabic-language high school in New York City, which Pipes initially described as a "[[madrassa]]", though he later said that his use of the term had been "a bit of a stretch."<ref name=Elliott/> Pipes explained his opposition: "It is hard to see how violence, how terrorism will lead to the implementation of sharia... It is much easier to see how, working through the system — the school system, the media, the religious organizations, the government, businesses and the like — you can promote radical Islam.”<ref name=Elliott/>
Pipes wrote an article for ''[[FrontPage Magazine]]'' entitled "Confirmed: [[Barack Obama]] was a Muslim." According to Pipes, "this matters" because Democratic presidential candidate Obama "is now what Islamic law calls a ''murtadd'' (apostate), an ex-Muslim converted to another religion who must be executed", and as president this would have "large potential implications for his relationship with the Muslim world."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/5354 |last=Pipes |first=Daniel |title=Confirmed: Barack Obama Practiced Islam |work=[[FrontPage Magazine]] |date=2008-01-07|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref> [[Media Matters]] describes Pipes' article as promoting a "falsehood".<ref>{{cite web|title=Daniel Pipes relied on disputed LA Times article to revive Obama-Muslim falsehood|url=http://mediamatters.org/items/200801020004 |publisher=[[Media Matters for America]] |date=2008-01-02|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref>
Pipes has criticized the [[Council on American-Islamic Relations]] (CAIR), which he says is an "[[apologist]]" for [[Hezbollah]] and [[Hamas]], and has a "roster of employees and board members connected to terrorism".<ref>{{cite web | author=Daniel Pipes | coauthors=Sharon Chadha | url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/3437 | title=CAIR: Islamists Fooling the Establishment | work=[[Middle East Quarterly]] | date=Spring 2006}}</ref> CAIR, in turn, has written of Pipes that his "agenda-driven polemic... only serves to fan the flames of ignorance and prejudice. But perhaps that is his intent."<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.mediamonitors.net/whoispipes.html | title=Who is Daniel Pipes? (by CAIR) | publisher=Media Monitors Network |date=2000-12-01 | accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref>
==Views on Foreign Policy==
The ''[[Wall Street Journal]]'' has called Pipes "an authoritative commentator on the Middle East."<ref>{{cite news|first=Bill |last=Steigerwald | url=http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/s_438935.html | title=Pipes calls war a success |work=[[Pittsburgh Tribune Review]] |date= 2006-04-01}}</ref> Michael Moran of [[MSNBC]] described him as one of the best-known "Mideast policy luminaries".<ref>{{cite news |last=Moran |first= Michael |url=http://www.msnbc.com/news/660672.asp |title=The evolution of peacemaking | work= [[MSNBC]] |date= 2001-11-21}}</ref>
Pipes was a firm supporter of the [[Vietnam War]], and when his fellow students occupied the Harvard administration building to protest it in the 1960s, he sided with the administration.<ref name=Press/> Pipes had previously considered himself to be a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]], but after anti-war [[George McGovern]] gained the 1972 Democratic nomination for president, he switched to the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]].<ref name=Press/>
===Iraq===
In 1987, Pipes encouraged the United States to provide [[Iraq]]i dictator [[Saddam Hussein]] with upgraded weapons and intelligence,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/Opinion/This-is-not-the-way-to-tackle-antiSemitism/2005/02/07/1107625135855.html?oneclick=true | title=This is not the way to tackle anti-Semitism | first=Maher |last=Mughrabi | |work=The Age|date=2005-02-08 |accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref> to counterbalance Iran's successes in the [[Iran-Iraq War]]. In April 1991, when a debate was raging about the desirability of a U.S. intervention against the [[Saddam Hussein]] regime, Pipes wrote in the ''Wall Street Journal'' about the prospect of U.S. forces occupying Iraq, "with Schwartzkopf Pasha ruling from Baghdad": "It sounds romantic, but watch out. Like the Israelis in southern Lebanon nine years ago, American troops would find themselves quickly hated, with [[Shi'a]]s taking up [[suicide bombing]], [[Kurd]]s resuming their rebellion, and the [[Syria]]n and [[Iran]]ian governments plotting new ways to sabotage American rule. Staying in place would become too painful, leaving too humiliating."<ref>{{cite web| title=Why America Can't Save the Kurds| url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/209|first=Daniel |last=Pipes| publisher=''[[Wall Street Journal]]'' with alterations by Daniel Pipes, reprinted on DanielPipes.org|date=1991-04-11|accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref>
In 2002 and 2003, Pipes was a strong backer of the [[Iraq War]], saying that [[Saddam Hussein]] posed an "imminent threat" to the United States.<ref name=Press/> In a ''[[New York Post]]'' article published [[April 8]], [[2003]], Pipes expressed his opposition to [[Egypt]]ian President [[Hosni Mubarak]]'s concerned prediction that "[the] war [in Iraq] will have horrible consequences...Terrorism will be aggravated...Terrorist organizations will be united...Everything will be insecure." Though this concern was echoed by various other politicians and academics cited by Pipes in his article, Pipes argued that "the precise opposite is more likely to happen: The war in Iraq will lead to a reduction in [[terrorism]]." Pipes has since admitted in response to the latter statement that, "Mubarak got this one right and I got it wrong. It could have been otherwise, but the too-close involvement of the coalition troops in Iraq has spurred Muslim anger and fostered more terrorism." <ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/1055 |title=100 Bin Ladens on the Way? |first=Daniel|last=Pipes |work=[[New York Post]]|date=2003-04-08}}</ref>
===Israel-Palestine conflict===
Pipes is a supporter of [[Israel]] in the [[Israel-Palestine conflict]] and an opponent of a [[Two-state solution|Palestinian state]]. He wrote in ''[[Commentary]]'' in April 1990 that "there can be either an Israel or a Palestine, but not both... to those who ask why the Palestinians must be deprived of a state, the answer is simple: grant them one and you set in motion a chain of events that will lead either to its extinction or the extinction of Israel."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/194 |title= Can the Palestinians Make Peace? |first=Daniel |last=Pipes |publisher=''[[Commentary (magazine)|Commentary]]'' with alterations by Daniel Pipes, reprinted on DanielPipes.org | date=April 1990 |accessdate=2008-05-13}}</ref>
===Iran===
In 1980, Pipes wrote that "[[Iran]] made the transition to a post-oil economy. It is the only major oil exporter to abandon the heady billions and return to live by its own means."<ref>{{cite news|first=Daniel |last=Pipes |url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/1026 |title=Iran's Good Fortune |work=[[Washington Post]] |date=1980-07-10}}</ref>
Pipes has advocated that the U.S. "unleash" the [[Mujahedeen-e Khalq]] (MEK) against Iran.<ref name="Unleash">{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Pipes |url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/4747 |title=Unleash the Iranian Opposition|publisher=''[[New York Sun]]'' with alterations by Daniel Pipes, reprinted on DanielPipes.org |date=2007-07-10 |retrieved=03-25-2008}}</ref> Though MEK is listed as a terrorist group by the United States, the European Union, Canada, Iraq and Iran,<ref>See [[Mujahedeen-e Khalq]].</ref> Pipes describes this listing as a "sop to the mullahs". He writes, "the MEK poses no danger to Americans or Europeans, and has not for decades. It does pose a danger to the malign, bellicose theocratic regime in Tehran."<ref name="Unleash"/>
===Saudi Arabia===
Pipes believes that [[Saudi Arabia]] is neither a "friend" nor a "foe" of the United States, but a "rival".<ref>{{cite news|first=Daniel |last=Pipes |url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/401 |title=Saudi Arabia: Not Friend or Foe |work=[[New York Post]] |date=2002-05-14}}</ref>
Pipes believes that what he views as Saudi Arabia's "massive implication in the death of 3,000 Americans on 9/11... is reason for the victims and their families to consider suing it for compensation."<ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Pipes |url=http://www.danielpipes.org/article/158 |title=Make the Saudis Pay for Terror |work=[[New York Post]] |date=2002-04-15}}</ref>
==Awards and honors==
On [[March 11]] [[2006]], Daniel Pipes was awarded the "Free Speech Award" from the [[Denmark|Danish]] organisation ''Free Press Society of 2004'' (''Trykkefrihedsselkabet af 2004'').<ref>{{cite news|first=Beila |last=Rabinowitz| url=http://www.pipelinenews.org/index.cfm?page=pipes3707.htm |title=Dr Daniel Pipes To Be Awarded Danish "Free Speech Prize" |work=PipeLine News |date= 2006-03-08}}</ref>
According to his website, Pipes has been awarded honorary doctorates from unnamed universities in Switzerland and the United States.<ref name=PipesBio/>
In May 2006, Pipes received the [[Guardian of Zion Award]].{{fact|date=June 2008}}
==Books and policy papers==
*''[[Miniatures: Views of Islamic and Middle Eastern Politics]]'' (2003), Transaction Publishers, ISBN 0-7658-0215-5
*''[[Militant Islam Reaches America]]'' (2002), W.W. Norton & Company; paperback (2003) ISBN 0-393-32531-8
*with Abdelnour, Z. (2000), ''Ending Syria's Occupation of Lebanon: The U.S. Role'' Middle East Forum, ISBN 0-9701484-0-2
*''[[In the Path of God: Islam and Political Power]]'' (2002), Transaction Publishers, ISBN 0-7658-0981-8
*''Muslim immigrants in the United States (Backgrounder)'' (2002), Center for Immigration Studies
*''The Long Shadow : Culture and Politics in the Middle East'' (1999), Transaction Publishers, ISBN 0-88738-220-7
*''The Hidden Hand : Middle East Fears of Conspiracy'' (1997), Palgrave Macmillan; paperback (1998) ISBN 0-312-17688-0
*''Conspiracy : How the Paranoid Style Flourishes and Where It Comes From'' (1997), Touchstone; paperback (1999) ISBN 0-684-87111-4
*''Syria Beyond the Peace Process (Policy Papers, No. 41)'' (1995), Washington Institute for Near East Policy, ISBN 0-944029-64-7
*''Sandstorm'' (1993), Rowman & Littlefield, paperback (1993) ISBN 0-8191-8894-8
*''Damascus Courts the West: Syrian Politics, 1989-1991 (Policy Papers, No. 26)'' (1991), Washington Institute for Near East Policy, ISBN 0-944029-13-2
*with Garfinkle, A. (1991), ''Friendly Tyrants: An American Dilemma'' Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN 0-312-04535-2
*''From a distance: Influencing foreign policy from Philadelphia (The Heritage lectures)'' (1991), Heritage Foundation, ASIN B0006DGHE4
*''The Rushdie Affair: The Novel, the Ayatollah, and the West'' (1990), Transaction Publishers, paperback (2003) ISBN 0-7658-0996-6
*''Greater Syria: The History of an Ambition'' (1990), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-506021-0
*''An Arabist's guide to Colloquial Egyptian'' (1983), Foreign Service Institute
*''Slave Soldiers and Islam: The Genesis of a Military System'' (1981), Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-02447-9
==See also==
{{Wikiquote}}
*[[Israeli-Palestinian conflict]]
*[[Christopher Hitchens' critiques of specific individuals#Regarding Daniel Pipes]]
*''[[From Time Immemorial]]''
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==External links==
=== Official websites ===
*[http://www.danielpipes.org danielpipes.org], Pipes' personal website
*[http://www.meforum.org/ meforum.org], website of the [[Middle East Forum]]
*[http://www.campus-watch.org/ campus-watch.org], website of [[Campus Watch]]
=== Profiles ===
*"[http://www.danielpipes.org/article/996 Islam's battle with a hostile world]", ''[[Financial Times]]''
*"[http://www.harvardmagazine.com/on-line/010540.html Militant about 'Islamism']", ''[[Harvard Magazine]]''
*"[http://www.danielpipes.org/article/4326 Daniel Pipes fights the worldwide threat of Islamism - from Malibu]", ''[[Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles]]''
*"[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb1367/is_200405/ai_n6382769 Neocon man]", ''[[The Nation]]''
*"[http://www.mpac.org/article.php?id=72 The Truth About Daniel Pipes]", [[Muslim Public Affairs Council]]
*"[http://www.mediamonitors.net/whoispipes.html Who is Daniel Pipes?]", [[Council on American-Islamic Relations]]
*"[http://www.hvk.org/articles/0303/232.html In Defense of Steven Emerson and Daniel Pipes]", Shaykh Prof. [[Abdul Hadi Palazzi]]
=== Audio and video ===
* [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1010597 International Conflict Resolution], NPR: Talk of the Nation, August 27 1998
* [http://webcast.ucsd.edu:8080/ramgen/UCSD_TV/8871.rm Harry Kreisler in conversation with Daniel Pipes], UCSD, 2004
* [http://www.theconnection.org/shows/2002/09/20020910_b_main.asp Rethinking Islam], The Connection, September 10 2002
* [http://www.onpointradio.org/shows/2004/05/20040520_a_main.asp U.S. Policy Towards Israel and Dreams of Democracy in the Middle East], On Point Radio, May 20 2004
*[http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-8360225300032560516&q=Daniel+PIpes&hl=en Video Conversation with history with Daniel Pipes]
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