Dartmouth Medical School
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{{Infobox University
| image_name = Dartmouth Medical School shield.svg
| name = Dartmouth Medical School
| established = [[November 22]], [[1797]]
| type = [[Private school|Private]] [[medical school]]
| dean = William R. Green, Ph.D.
| city = [[Hanover, New Hampshire|Hanover]]
| state = [[New Hampshire]]
| country = [[United States|USA]]
| students = 621<ref name="dms-facts-figures">{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/about/information/dms_facts.shtml | title = Dartmouth Medical School Facts & Figures | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref>
| faculty = 2,315<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/>
| campus = [[Rural]]
| website = [http://dms.dartmouth.edu/ dms.dartmouth.edu]
|}}
'''Dartmouth Medical School''' ('''DMS''') is the [[medical school]] of [[Dartmouth College]], located in [[Hanover, New Hampshire]], in the [[United States]]. The fourth-oldest [[medical school in the United States]], Dartmouth Medical School was founded in 1797 by [[New England]] physician [[Nathan Smith (physician)|Nathan Smith]] and grew steadily over the course of the 19th century. In the early 1900s, it was forced to cease granting the [[Doctor of Medicine]] (M.D.) degree. After further problems in the 1950s, the clinical M.D. program was reinstated and the school returned to national prominence for its academics and research. Several milestones in medical care and research have taken place at DMS, including the first clinical [[X-ray]] (1896), the first [[intensive care unit]] (1955), and the [[Brattleboro rat]] (1961).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/about/information/milestones.shtml | title = Dartmouth Medical Milestones | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>
Today, Dartmouth Medical School continues to grant the M.D. and [[Doctor of Philosophy]] (Ph.D) degrees, as well as a [[Master of Public Health]] (MPH) and [[Master of Science]] (M.S.) degrees. The school has a student body of about 620 students and more than 2,300 faculty members and researchers. As part of the [[Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center]], DMS organizes research through over a dozen research centers and institutes, receiving more than US$100 million in grants annually. DMS is one of seven [[Ivy League]] medical schools and is [[College and university rankings|ranked]] as a "top medical school" by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' for both [[primary care]] and [[biomedical research]].
== History ==
[[Image:Nathan Smith (physician).jpg|thumb|right|[[Nathan Smith (physician)|Nathan Smith]], the founder of Dartmouth Medical School]]
=== Foundation and early years ===
Dartmouth Medical School was founded in 1797 as the fourth medical school in the United States, following the [[University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine]] (founded 1765), the medical school of [[Columbia College of Columbia University|King's College]] (now [[Columbia University]]) (1767), and [[Harvard Medical School]] (1782).<ref name="jstor">{{cite web | url = http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0028-4866(197306)46%3A2%3C306%3ADMSTF1%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Q | title = Review of 'Dartmouth Medical School: The First 176 Years' | work = The New England Quarterly | date = June 1973 | first = Paul Dudley | last = White | pages = 306-308 | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> The founder was [[Nathan Smith (physician)|Nathan Smith]], a [[Harvard University]]-educated physician from [[Cornish, New Hampshire]]. Noting the dearth of medical professionals in the rural [[Connecticut River]] [[Upper Valley (Connecticut River)|Upper Valley]] area, Smith petitioned the [[Board of Trustees of Dartmouth College]] in August 1796 to fund the establishment of a medical school to train more physicians for the region. Though [[Dartmouth College]] as a whole was financially strapped, the Board approved the request, and Smith began lecturing on [[November 22]], [[1797]].<ref name="history">{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/about/history/history.shtml | title = Two Hundred Years of Medicine at Dartmouth | first = Barbara | last = Blough | coauthors = Dana Cook Grossman | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>
For much of its early life, Dartmouth Medical School consisted only of Nathan Smith and a small class of students, operating in borrowed space at Dartmouth College. Students of Smith were educated as [[apprenticeship|apprentices]], and received a [[Bachelor of Medicine]] degree upon graduation. Like Dartmouth College as a whole, DMS had continual funding shortages. As time passed, however, the popularity of both the medical instruction and the basic sciences taught at the school drew undergraduates and training physicians alike. Soliciting funds from the state of [[New Hampshire]], Smith was able to obtain medical equipment and, by 1811, a dedicated physical plant for the school.<ref name="history"/>
Smith acted as the sole administrator and instructor of the medical school until 1810, when a second faculty member was hired. Smith also revamped the curriculum, allowing the school to begin offering the [[Doctor of Medicine]] (M.D.) degree in 1812. Smith ultimately left DMS in 1816, founding three additional schools of medicine at [[Yale University]], [[Bowdoin College]], and the [[University of Vermont]].<ref name="history"/>
=== Expansion and difficulties ===
Smith's departure provided for a period of expansion, both among the faculty and the student body. Former students of Nathan Smith's replaced him on the faculty, drawing medical professionals in the northeast such as [[Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.]] to join them. The first hospital at Dartmouth Medical School was founded by DMS alumnus Dixi Crosby in 1838, who used it to integrate academic instruction with hands-on patient care. In 1870, Carlton Pennington Frost, DMS '57, replaced Crosby as Dean of the school. Under Frost, the curriculum sustained another revamping, this time into a four-year program that included clinical and academic training.<ref name="history"/> Frost also presided over the establishment of Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital in 1893, built to replace Crosby's defunct hospital.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmo.com/mhmh/index.html | title = Farewell to the MHMH | work = Darmo.: The Buildings of Dartmouth College | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>
[[Image:Dartmouth Medical School, early 1900s.jpg|thumb|left|The Dartmouth Medical School campus, from 1915 or earlier.]]
In 1908, [[The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching]] conducted a survey of medical education institutions in the United States. At the time, the discipline emphasized "bedside teaching" and providing students experience with a broad variety of illnesses and patients. Dartmouth Medical School's rural location was deemed too remote for proper clinical training, and the school was advised to stop offering the Doctor of Medicine degree and only provide pre-clinical instruction. The class of 1914 was the last (until 1974) to receive the Doctor of Medicine degree; subsequent classes of students attended DMS for two years before transferring to other medical schools. The drop of clinical instruction worsened the school's problems by driving away talented faculty members.<ref name="history"/>
After [[World War II]], the tide of the medical discipline had shifted towards research. Although Dartmouth Medical School was well-regarded for preparing students for clinical education at other institutions, its faculty was criticized for its apparent disinterest in research. The school was also criticized for using [[Dartmouth College]]'s undergraduate program as a [[feeder school]].<ref name="jstor"/> Based on these criticisms, DMS was placed on "confidential probation" in 1956 by the [[Association of American Medical Colleges]] and the Council on Medical Education.<ref name="history"/>
=== From the "refounding" to present ===
[[Image:Dartmouth College campus - view to west from Bartlett Tower, early 1900s.jpg|thumb|right|Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital (right), circa 1915.]]
At the time of the probation, Dartmouth College had already anticipated the medical school's plight, amassing [[Capital (economics)|capital]] to fund a revitalization of the school. In 1956, the trustees of the College formally agreed to a "refounding" of Dartmouth Medical School's academic offerings, physical facilities, and faculty. S. Marsh Tenney, DMS class of 1944, was appointed to carry out this task.<ref name="history"/> Tenney more than doubled the size of the faculty and the student body, added several new departments, and oversaw the construction of five new campus buildings by 1964.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/abbldg.html#butler1&2 | title = Butler 1&2 | work = Dartmo.: The Buildings of Dartmouth College | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/cdbldg.html#danabiomedicallibrary | title = Dana Biomedical Library | work = Dartmo.: The Buildings of Dartmouth College | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/ghijkbldg.html#kellog | title = Kellogg Auditorium | work = Dartmo.: The Buildings of Dartmouth College | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/qrsbldg.html#remsen | title = Remsen | work = Dartmo.: The Buildings of Dartmouth College | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/qrsbldg.html#strasenburgh | title = Strasenburgh Dormitory | work = Dartmo.: The Buildings of Dartmouth College | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>
In the 1960s, due to a national shortage of physicians and government [[incentive]]s for schools that increased their class sizes, Dartmouth Medical School graduates began to experience difficulty in trying to transfer to other medical school to complete their final two years of medical school as other medical schools had increased their class size and could not accommodate transfer students.<ref name="jstor"/> In the meantime, Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital had grown to be a 400-bed medical center, and Dartmouth Medical School had established a partnership with a 224-bed Veterans Administration Hospital in [[White River Junction, Vermont]]. The Doctor of Medicine program, now possible with the expanded local medical centers, was reinstated by a vote of the trustees in 1968. The admission of M.D. candidates resumed in 1970.<ref name="history"/> Initially, the medical school curriculum was three years in length, unlike most medical schools, but it later was increased to the usual four years in 1979.<ref>[ http://library.dartmouth.edu/cdp/read.php?cdp_id=55 Medicine: History], Dartmouth College Library. Retrieved 2008-01-07.</ref>
A cooperative program with Brown Medical School was begun in 1981 where students received training at both medical schools.<ref>[http://bms.brown.edu/overview/history.html Medical Education at Brown: An Overview], Brown Alpert Medical School. Retrieved 2008-01-07.</ref> Fifteen to twenty students were selected for the program, which combined the first two years of basic science coursework at Dartmouth with the final two years of clinical coursework at Brown. The program balanced Dartmouth's greater basic science facilities than Brown, but fewer clinical facilities than available at the urban setting of Brown, which is located in Providence, Rhode Island. Graduates of the program received M.D. degrees from Brown. The program will be discontinued in 2010.<ref>Kelleher, K. (April 25, 2007), [http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2007/04/25/CampusNews/BrownDartmouth.Medical.Program.To.End.In.2010-2879631.shtml Brown-Dartmouth medical program to end in 2010], The Brown Daily Herald. Retrieved 2008-01-07.</ref>
In 1991, the [[Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center]] was established on a {{convert|225|acre|km2|sing=on}} campus in [[Lebanon, New Hampshire]]. The three-year project, completed at the cost of $228 million, served as a replacement for the Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital, which was partially demolished in the early 1990s.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dhmc.org/webpage.cfm?site_id=2&org_id=566&morg_id=0&sec_id=0&gsec_id=42&item_id=42 | title = Our History | publisher = Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmo.com/mhmh/index.html | title = Farewell to the MHMH | publisher = Dartmo.: The Buildings of Dartmouth College | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> A new curriculum was introduced in 1996 entitled "New Directions." The curriculum, still in place today, seeks to promote small classes, reduce the amount of lectures, and offer students extensive interactive experience with patients.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.academicmedicine.org/pt/re/acmed/pdfhandler.00001888-200501000-00003.pdf | title = Cover Note: Dartmouth Medical School | work = Academic Medicine | publisher = [[Association of American Medical Colleges]] | format = PDF | accessdate = 2007-12-21 | year = January 2005 | pages = 4 }}</ref>
== Campus ==
[[Image:Dartmouth College campus 2007-10-02 Dana Biomedical Library.JPG|thumb|right|The Dana Biomedical Library]]
{{seealso|List of Dartmouth College buildings#Dartmouth Medical School}}
Dartmouth Medical School has facilities on the campus of [[Dartmouth College]], which is situated in the rural, [[Upper Valley (Connecticut River)|Upper Valley]] town of [[Hanover, New Hampshire]] as well as at [[Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center]] (DHMC).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admin/ | title = Administration | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2008-01-01}}</ref>
The medical school facilities at Dartmouth College sits in a complex on the north side of Dartmouth's campus and includes academic, administrative, research, and presentation facilities.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/about/maps/campus.html | title = Campus Map | publisher = [[Dartmouth College]] | accessdate = 2007-10-10 }}</ref> DMS is served by two libraries, the Dana Biomedical Library and the Matthews-Fuller Health Sciences Library, which together offer 240,000 volumes.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmouth.edu/~biomed/about.htmld/ | title = History of the Biomedical Libraries | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> DMS does not offer on-campus housing; off-campus housing is available through Dartmouth College.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/students/resources/resources/resources_housing.shtml | title = Housing & Real Estate | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> The Class of 1978 Life Sciences Center is expected to be completed in May 2010 at the cost of $92 million.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmouth.edu/~opdc/projects/lsc/index.html | title = Life Sciences Building | publisher = Office of Design, Planning, and Construction | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>
The Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, centered in nearby [[Lebanon, New Hampshire]], is the umbrella medical organization of which Dartmouth Medical School is a constituent part.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dhmc.org/webpage.cfm?site_id=2&org_id=566&gsec_id=0&sec_id=0&item_id=30016 | title = About Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center | publisher = Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital, DHMC's 396-bed [[inpatient]] facility, acts as the medical school's [[teaching hospital]] and "primary teaching site".<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dhmc.org/webpage.cfm?site_id=2&org_id=566&morg_id=0&sec_id=0&gsec_id=39&item_id=41397 | title = Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital | publisher = Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref><ref name="learning-sites">{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admissions/learning_sites/ | title = Learning Sites and Facilities | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School: M.D. Admissions | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> DHMC's other constituent elements include the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Clinic (a network of physicians in Vermont and New Hampshire) and a Veterans Affairs Medical Center in [[White River Junction, Vermont]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dhmc.org/webpage.cfm?site_id=2&org_id=566&morg_id=0&sec_id=0&gsec_id=39&item_id=35179 | title = DHMC Organizational Chart | publisher = Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> In total, DHMC serves an area with a population of 1.6 million.<ref name="learning-sites"/>
In addition to on-campus instruction in Hanover and Lebanon, third- and fourth-year M.D. students may choose from 75 regional sites for their required clerkships.<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/> Most clerkship facilities are located in central [[New England]], although students are also able to clerk at sites in [[Alaska]], [[New Mexico]], and [[Florida]].<ref name="curric"/>
== Academics ==
{| style='float:right;font-size: 90%;border:1px solid #dddddd; background-color:#fefefe; padding:3px;margin:1em'
| colspan="2" align="center" | '''Dartmouth Medical School Departments'''<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/>
|- valign="top"
| <div align="center">Basic Science Departments</div>
* [[Anatomy]]
* [[Biochemistry]]
* [[Genetics]]
* [[Microbiology]] and [[Immunology]]
* [[Pharmacology]] and [[Toxicology]]
* [[Physiology]]
|
<div align="center">Clinical Departments</div>
* [[Anesthesiology]]
* [[General practitioner|Community and Family Medicine]]
* [[Medicine]]
* [[Obstetrics]] and [[Gynecology]]
* [[Orthopedics]]
* [[Pathology]]
* [[Pediatrics]]
* [[Psychiatry]]
* [[Radiology]]
* [[Surgery]]
|}
Dartmouth Medical School offers the four-year [[Doctor of Medicine]] (M.D.) degree<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/><ref name="years">{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/ed_programs/mdprog.shtml | title = The M.D. Program Courses: Curriculum Overview | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> and the [[Doctor of Philosophy]] (Ph.D) degree in certain fields.<ref name="phd">{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/ed_programs/grad.shtml | title = Graduate Education in Basic Science | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> In addition, the school offers two joint-degree programs: the combination M.D./Ph.D., for which the Ph.D. can be obtained from any doctoral program at Dartmouth,<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/ed_programs/md_phdprog.shtml | title = Welcome to the M.D.-Ph.D. Program | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> and the combination M.D./[[Master of Business Administration]] (MBA), offered in conjunction with the [[Tuck School of Business]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/ed_programs/md_mbaprog.shtml | title = The MD/MBA Program at Dartmouth | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice,{{ref|a|[a]}} one of a number of DMS research institutes, offers its own degree programs in evaluative clinical sciences, including a [[Master of Public Health]] (MPH), a [[Master of Science]] (M.S.), a Ph.D., [[post-doctoral fellowship]]s, several joint-degree programs, and a residency program for [[preventive medicine]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://ecs.dartmouth.edu/pages/programs.htm | title = Graduate Programs | publisher = Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital also offers residencies and fellowships which are administered by Dartmouth Medical School faculty.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/ed_programs/gme.shtml | title = Affiliated Graduate Medical Education | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref>
The curriculum for the Doctor of Medicine degree spans four years, combining required courses with [[elective]]s. First-year students learn [[human anatomy]] and basic [[Biomedicine|biomedical]] science in classes offered by the basic science departments, while beginning a two-year course of study in [[clinical studies]]. Second-year students study [[pathophysiology]] and take courses from almost every clinical and basic science department in the school. In their third year, M.D. candidates are required to participate in six eight-week [[clerk]]ships with area medical institutions, covering both [[Ambulance|ambulatory clinic]]s and [[hospital]]s.<ref name="curric">{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admissions/curriculum/ | title = Curriculum | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School: M.D. Admissions | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> The final year is spent on additional clerkships, the designation of an area of focus, and preparation for a post-graduation [[Residency (medicine)|residency]].<ref name="years"/> In addition to imparting medical and clinical knowledge, the M.D. program is designed to teach "interpersonal and communications skills", "professionalism", and other practical skills for a medical career.<ref name="curric"/>
[[Image:Dartmouth College campus 2007-06-23 Dartmouth Medical School 01.JPG|thumb|left|Remsen and Vail Medical Sciences Buildings]]
Dartmouth Medical School also offers the Doctor of Philosophy degree to train students as [[biomedical research]]ers and scientists. The Ph.D. is available in six fields offered by the basic science departments: [[pharmacology]] and [[toxicology]], [[Molecular biology|molecular]] and [[cell biology]], [[immunology]], molecular [[pathogenesis]], [[systems biology]], and [[Experimental medicine|experimental]] and [[molecular medicine]]. Research and teaching positions at DMS and its centers and institutes are available to Ph.D. candidates.<ref name="phd"/>
=== Organization and research ===
Like the undergraduate portion of Dartmouth College, Dartmouth Medical School operates on a [[Academic term|quarter system]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admin/registrar/reg_forms/yr1_cal_07-08.pdf | format = PDF | title = Dartmouth Medical School Calendar 2007-2008 | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> As part of the larger institution, DMS is ultimately administered by Dartmouth's President and [[Board of Trustees of Dartmouth College|Board of Trustees]]. The school is directly managed by a Dean who is advised by a fourteen-member Board of Overseers.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/dean/boo/index.shtml | title = Dartmouth Medical School Board of Overseers | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> As of the 2007-2008 academic year, the school operates on a budget of $214.3 million.<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/>
Besides research conducted within the infrastructure of academic departments, research at DMS and DHMC is also organized around over a dozen research centers and institutes. The centers cover various medical subjects such as [[neuroscience]], [[oncology]] ([[Norris Cotton Cancer Center]]), [[psychiatry]], and [[pediatrics]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/research/programs.shtml | title = Research Centers, Institutes and Programs | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> Funded research at Dartmouth Medical School amounted to $123 million during the 2006-2007 academic year;<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/> the school claims to be in the top 10% of American medical schools in terms of "basic science research funding on a per faculty member basis."<ref>{{cite web | title = Research | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admissions/research/ | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School: M.D. Admissions | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref>
=== Admissions and rankings ===
[[Image:Dartmouth College campus 2007-10-02 3 Rope Ferry Road.JPG|thumb|right|3 Rope Ferry Road is the location of Dartmouth Medical School's Office of Admissions.]]
In the fall of 2007, 68 students enrolled in the Doctor of Medicine program from an applicant pool of 5,310,<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/> with the Office of Admissions offering an acceptance rate of 7 percent.<ref name="usnews-profile">{{cite web | url = http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/grad/directory/dir-med/brief/glanc_04065_brief.php | title = Dartmouth Medical School | work = America's Best Graduate Schools 2008 | publisher = [[U.S. News & World Report]] | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> Applicants from the previous year had an average score in the numerically graded sections of [[Medical College Admission Test]] (MCAT) of 10.7,<ref name="usnews-profile"/> and an average [[undergraduate]] [[grade point average]] (GPA) of 3.7.<ref name="admission">{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admissions/admission/ | title = Admission | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School: M.D. Admissions | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> Applicants to the M.D. program are expected to have a background in [[chemistry]], [[biology]], [[physics]], and [[calculus]], and are required to have at least three years of undergraduate education.<ref name="admission"/>
Dartmouth Medical School is accredited by the Liaison Council on Medical Education.<ref>[http://www.lcme.org/directry.htm Directory of Accredited Medical Education Programs], Liaison Council on Medical Education. Retrieved 2008-01-12.</ref> None of the residencies programs of Mary Hitchcock Medical Center, which are administered by Dartmouth Medical School faculty, are on probation by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education.<ref>[http://www.acgme.org/acWebsite/home/home.asp Search Programs/Sponsors], Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Retrieved 2008-01-12.</ref>
For 2009, Dartmouth Medical School was ranked by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' as 13th on the "Top Medical Schools - Primary Care" list and 31st on the "Top Medical Schools - Research" list.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/grad/mdr/search/order+c_mdp_final_overall_rank | title = Top Medical Schools - Primary Care | work = America's Best Graduate Schools 2009 | publisher = [[U.S. News & World Report]] | accessdate = 2008-04-08 }}</ref> The magazine also ranked the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center on its "America's Best Hospitals" lists for [[gynecology]] (#34), [[cancer]] (#36), and digestive disorders (#50).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://health.usnews.com/usnews/health/best-hospitals/directory/hospital.php?id=6120170 | title = Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, N.H. | work = America's Best Hospitals 2007 | publisher = [[U.S. News & World Report]] | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>
== People ==
=== Student profile and student life ===
[[Image:C Everett Koop.jpg|thumb|right|Dr. [[C. Everett Koop]], Dartmouth class of 1937, currently serves as a Senior Scholar of the C. Everett Koop Institute at Dartmouth Medical School.<ref name="koop">{{cite web | url = http://www.dhmc.org/webpage.cfm?site_id=2&org_id=2&morg_id=0&sec_id=16596&gsec_id=16596&item_id=21256&utility_id=1&layer=0&parent_id=0&fuseaction=profile | title = Ira Byock | publisher = [[Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center]] | accessdate = 2007-08-14 }}</ref>]]
Dartmouth Medical School's enrollment as of October 2007 totaled 621 students: 315 M.D. candidates and 305 graduate students. 34 students elected to pursue the dual degree program, seeking both the M.D. and Ph.D. degrees. In addition to the student body, over 350 resident physicians and research fellows were on campus as of July 2007.<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/> The student population is split approximately evenly between men and women,<ref name="whocomes">{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admissions/who_comes_to_dartmouth/ | title = Who Comes to Dartmouth? | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School: M.D. Admissions | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> while about 25 percent of the student body is made up of [[International student|international]] or [[Minority group|minority]] students.<ref name="tpr">{{cite web | url = http://www.princetonreview.com/medical/research/profiles/studentlife.asp?listing=1033667<id=11 | title = Dartmouth College: Student Life | work = [[The Princeton Review]] | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> From an average class size of 75, over 60 undergraduate institutions and most of the U.S. states are represented.<ref name="tpr"/> According to ''[[The Princeton Review]]'', the small class size at DMS helps to establish "a strong sense of community and collaborative spirit".<ref name="tpr"/> The school offers about a dozen [[community service]], recreational, professional, and other student groups.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/students/organizations/ | title = Student Organizations and Community Service | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref>
=== Faculty ===
{{main|List of Dartmouth College faculty#Dartmouth Medical School}}
As of November 2007, Dartmouth Medical School employs a staff of 2,315 faculty and researchers: 766 full-time faculty, 1,301 part-time faculty and non-faculty instructors, and 248 research positions.<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/> The ratio of full-time, on-site faculty to students is given by the school as 2:1.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admissions/faculty/ | title = Faculty | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School: M.D. Admissions | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> Notable current faculty include [[Stuart Gitlow]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/4019.html | title = CSAPH members | publisher = American Medical Association | accessdate = 2007-08-19 }}</ref> former [[Surgeon General of the United States]] [[C. Everett Koop]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/koop/cek/ | title = C. Everett Koop Institute | publisher = C. Everett Koop Institute at Dartmouth | accessdate = 2007-08-21 }}</ref> [[palliative care]] physician [[Ira Byock]],<ref name="koop"/> former astronaut and Democratic politician [[Jay C. Buckey]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmouth.edu/~news/features/experts/Buckey-Jr.html | title = Jay Buckey Jr | work = Guide to Dartmouth Experts | publisher = Dartmouth College | accessdate = 2007-08-21 }}</ref> psychoanalyst [[Peter A. Olsson]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.drpeterolsson.com/86.html | title = About Dr. Olsson | publisher = Dr. Peter Olsson, M.D. | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> and biochemist [[William T. Wickner]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmouth.edu/~wickner/people/bill.html | title = Bill Wickner's CV | publisher = Wickner Lab | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> Notable former faculty include biochemist [[Mahlon Hoagland]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dartmed.dartmouth.edu/spring01/html/vs_memoriam.shtml | title = In memoriam: Former DMS dean Carleton Chapman | publisher = Dartmouth Medicine Magazine | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> and pathologist and geneticist [[Kurt Benirschke]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://medicine.ucsd.edu/cpa/authorfs.html | title = About the Author | publisher = Commemorative Placentation | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>
[[Image:Johnlilly4.jpg|thumb|right|[[John C. Lilly]], an experimenter into the nature of [[consciousness]], studied at Dartmouth Medical School from 1938-1940.]]
=== Alumni ===
{{main|List of Dartmouth College alumni}}
As of September 2006, Dartmouth Medical School claims 4,010 living graduates active in medicine around the world.<ref name="dms-facts-figures"/><ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/alumni/ | title = Alumni & Friends | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref> DMS cites its required clerkships as a mechanism for allowing students to make connections and obtain real-world experience.<ref name="whocomes"/> Fourth-year students are prepared for residency with counseling classes;<ref name="years"/> recent graduates have most commonly taken their residencies at Dartmouth Medical School itself, the [[Harvard Medical School]], the [[Tufts University School of Medicine]], and [[Brown Medical School]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dms.dartmouth.edu/admissions/who_comes_to_dartmouth/match_results/ | title = Dartmouth Medical School Residency Match Results 2003-2007 | publisher = Dartmouth Medical School: M.D. Admissions | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref>
Alumni of Dartmouth Medical School who have become notable medical practitioners and researchers include physician and [[Freethinker]] [[Charles Knowlton]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9045809/Charles-Knowlton | title = Charles Knowlton | work = [[Encyclopædia Britannica]] | accessdate = 2006-12-10 }}</ref> [[consciousness]] researcher [[John C. Lilly]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ace.to/outline.html | title = John C. Lilly Outline | publisher = Association for Cultural Evolution | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> physician [[Robert O. Blood]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nh.gov/nhdhr/publications/glikeness/bloorobe.html | title = Publications - A Guide to Likenesses of New Hampshire Officials and Governors on Public Display at the Legislative Office Building and the State House Concord, New Hampshire, to 1998 | publisher = New Hampshire Division of Historical Resources | first = Russell | last = Bastedo | year = 1998 | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> [[ophthalmologist]] and epidemiologist John D. Bullock,<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.med.wright.edu/hsm/aboutus.html#bullock | title = Center for Global Health Systems, Management and Policy | publisher = Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine | accessdate = 2008-01-06 }}</ref> and [[attending physician]] at the [[United States Capitol]] [[John Francis Eisold]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.acponline.org/chapters/navy/winter01-02.htm | title =
Governor's Newsletter, Winter 2001-02 | publisher = American College of Physicians | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref> Alumni in other fields include U.S. Representatives [[Richard S. Molony]] and [[Robert Burns (representative)|Robert Burns]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dartmouth.org/clubs/washdc/congress.html | title = Members of Congress | publisher = Dartmouth Club of Washington, D.C. | accessdate = 2006-12-10 }}</ref> Governor of New Hampshire [[Noah Martin]],<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nh.gov/nhdhr/publications/glikeness/martnoah.html | title = Noah Martin | publisher = New Hampshire Division of Historical Resources | accessdate = 2007-11-22 }}</ref> and television personality [[Ian Smith (TV)|Ian Smith]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?z=y&EAN=9780812991819 | title = Biography: Ian Smith | publisher = Barnes & Noble | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>
== Notes ==
<div class="references-small">
*{{note|a|a}}Formerly the Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences (CECS). Some of the sources cited still refer to it as such.
</div>
== References ==
{{reflist|3}}
== External links ==
{{Commons|Category:Dartmouth Medical School|Dartmouth Medical School}}
* [http://dms.dartmouth.edu/ Dartmouth Medical School]
* {{geolinks-US-buildingscale|43.708288|-72.287142}}
{{Dartmouth College}}
[[Category:Dartmouth Medical School| ]]
[[Category:Schools of medicine in the United States]]
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