Deep cerebellar nuclei
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2008-04-21T01:58:15Z
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{{Infobox Brain |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Latin = nuclei cerebelli |
GraySubject = 187 |
GrayPage = 796 |
Image = Gray707.png |
Caption = Sagittal section through right cerebellar hemisphere. The right olive has also been cut sagitally. (Nucleus dentatus labeled at center top.) |
Image2 = CerebCircuit.png |
Caption2 = Microcircuitry of the [[cerebellum]]. [[Excitatory synapses]] are denoted by (+) and [[inhibitory synapses]] by (-).<BR>MF: [[Mossy fiber]].<BR>DCN: Deep cerebellar nuclei.<BR>IO: [[Inferior olivary nucleus|Inferior olive]].<BR>CF: [[Climbing fiber]].<BR>GC: [[Granule cell]].<BR>PF: [[Parallel fiber]].<BR>PC: [[Purkinje cell]].<BR>GgC: [[Golgi cell]].<BR>SC: [[Stellate cell]].<BR>BC: [[Basket cell]]. |
IsPartOf = [[Cerebellum]]|
Components = [[Dentate nucleus]], Emboliform nucleus, [[Fastigial nucleus]], Globose nucleus|
Artery = [[Superior cerebellar artery|Superior cerebellar]]|
Vein = |
BrainInfoType = hier |
BrainInfoNumber = 679 |
MeshName = |
MeshNumber = |
DorlandsPre = n_11 |
DorlandsSuf = 12580684 |
}}
The '''deep cerebellar nuclei''' are four in number on either side
The four deep cerebellar [[Nucleus (neuroanatomy)|nuclei]] are in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter.
==Inputs==
These nuclei receive [[Inhibitory postsynaptic potential|inhibitory]] ([[GABA]]ergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and [[Excitatory postsynaptic potential|excitatory]] ([[glutamate]]rgic) inputs from [[mossy fiber]] and [[climbing fiber]] pathways. Most output fibers of the cerebellum originate from these nuclei. One exception is that fibers from the flocculonodular lobe synapse directly on [[vestibular nuclei]] without first passing through the deep cerebellar nuclei. The vestibular nuclei in the [[brainstem]] are analogous structures to the deep nuclei, since they receive both mossy fiber and Purkinje cell inputs.
==Specific nuclei==
From lateral to medial, the four deep cerebellar nuclei are the [[dentate nucleus|dentate]], [[Nucleus_emboliformis|emboliform]], [[Globose nucleus|globose]], and [[fastigial nucleus|fastigial]]. An easy [[mnemonic]] device to remember their names and positions relative to the midline is the phrase "'''D'''on't '''E'''at '''G'''reasy '''F'''ood", where each letter indicates the lateral to medial location in the cerebellar white matter.
Some animals do not have distinct emboliform and globose nuclei, instead having a single, fused nucleus interpositus (interposed nucleus). In animals with distinct emboliform and globose nuclei, the term ''[[interposed nucleus]]'' is often used to refer collectively to these two nuclei.
==Somatotopy==
In general, each pair of deep nuclei is associated with a corresponding region of cerebellar surface anatomy.
* The dentate nuclei are deep within the lateral hemispheres,
* the interposed nuclei are located in the paravermal (intermediate) zone,
* and the fastigial nuclei are in the [[vermis]].
These structural relationships are generally maintained in the neuronal connections between the nuclei and associated cerebellar cortex,
* with the dentate nucleus receiving most of its connections from the lateral hemispheres,
* the interposed nuclei receiving inputs mostly from the paravermis,
* and the fastigial nucleus receiving primarily afferents from the vermis.
==See also==
==External links==
* {{NeuroanatomyWisc|cere/text/P5/intro.htm}}
* http://www.mona.uwi.edu/fpas/courses/physiology/neurophysiology/Cerebellum.htm
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[[Category:Cerebellum]]