Dermis 740480 224530608 2008-07-09T07:42:20Z 83.5.78.60 added link to Polish entry for Dermis {{Infobox Anatomy | Name = Dermis | Latin = | GraySubject = 234 | GrayPage = 1065 | Image = Gray942.png | Caption = The distribution of the bloodvessels in the skin of the sole of the foot. (Corium - TA alternate term for dermis - is labeled at upper right.) | Image2 = Gray940.png | Caption2 = A diagrammatic sectional view of the skin (magnified). (Dermis labeled at center right.) | System = | Precursor = | MeshName = Dermis | MeshNumber = A17.815.180 | DorlandsPre = d_11 | DorlandsSuf = 12289496 | }} The '''dermis''' is a layer of [[skin]] beneath the [[epidermis (skin)|epidermis]] that consists of [[connective tissue]], and cushions the body from stress and strain. The dermis is tightly connected to the epidermis by a [[basement membrane]], and harbors many nerve endings that provide the sense of touch and heat. It contains the [[hair follicle|hair follicles]], [[sweat gland|sweat glands]], [[sebaceous gland|sebaceous glands]], [[apocrine sweat glands|apocrine glands]], and [[blood vessel|blood vessels]]. The blood vessels in the dermis provide nourishment and waste removal to its own cells, as well as the [[Stratum basale]] of the epidermis. ==Structure== The dermis is structurally divided into two areas: a superficial area adjacent to the epidermis, called the ''papillary region'', and a deep thicker area known as the ''reticular region''. ===Papillary region=== The papillary region is composed of loose [[areolar connective tissue]]. It is named for its fingerlike projections called ''papillae'', which extend toward the epidermis. The papillae provide the dermis with a "bumpy" surface that interdigitates with the epidermis, strengthening the connection between the two layers of skin. In the palms, fingers, soles, and toes, the influence of the papillae projecting into the epidermis forms contours in the skin's surface. These are called ''friction ridges'', because they help the hand or foot to grasp by increasing [[friction]]. Friction ridges occur in patterns (see [[fingerprint]]) that are both genetically and randomly determined and are therefore unique to the individual, making it possible to use fingerprints or footprints as a means of [[recognition of human individuals|identification]]. ===Reticular region=== The reticular region lies deep to the papillary region and is usually much thicker. It is composed of dense irregular connective tissue,some elastic fibers and adipose tissue may be present and receives its name from the dense concentration of [[collagen|collagenous]], [[elastic fiber|elastic]], and [[reticular fiber|reticular]] fibers that weave throughout it. These [[protein]] fibers give the dermis its properties of strength, extensibility, and elasticity. Located within the reticular region are also the [[root of the hair|hair roots]], [[sebaceous gland|sebaceous glands]], [[sweat gland|sweat glands]], receptors, [[nail (anatomy)|nails]], and [[blood vessel|blood vessels]]. [[Tattoo]] ink is injected into the dermis. [[Stretch marks]] are also located in the dermis. ==Additional images== <gallery> Image:Skin.jpg|Cross-section of all skin layers. </gallery> ==External links== * [http://www.simmed.com/Demo/Default.aspx Animated Subcutaneous Injection tutorial] * [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocderm3.html Diagrams at cdc.gov] * [http://www.cdc.gov/excite/skincancer/mod01.htm Diagram at cdc.gov] * {{BUHistology|08201oba}} - "Integument: three layers, reticular dermis, papillary dermis " {{Integumentary system}} [[Category:Dermatology]] [[ar:أدمة]] [[bg:Дерма]] [[ca:Dermis]] [[cs:Škára]] [[de:Dermis]] [[es:Dermis]] [[eo:Dermo]] [[fr:Derme]] [[ms:Lapisan dermis]] [[nl:Dermis]] [[pt:Derme]] [[ru:Дерма]] [[sk:Zamša]] [[fi:Verinahka]] [[sv:Läderhuden]] [[th:หนังแท้]] [[it:derma]] [[pl:Sk%C3%B3ra_w%C5%82a%C5%9Bciwa]]