Dyspnea
200033
223391797
2008-07-03T21:47:43Z
129.82.128.80
/* Disorders of the cardiovascular system */ - minor. Change CREST Syndrome to CREST syndrome.
{{SignSymptom infobox |
Name = Dyspnea |
Image = |
Caption = |
DiseasesDB = 15892 |
ICD10 = {{ICD10|R|06|8|r|06}}|
ICD9 = {{ICD9|786.0}} |
ICDO = |
OMIM = |
MedlinePlus = 003075 |
eMedicineSubj = |
eMedicineTopic = |
MeshID = D004417 |
}}
'''Dyspnea''' or '''dyspnoea''' (pronounced ''disp-nee-ah'', [[IPA]] /dɪsp'niə/), from [[Latin language|Latin]] ''dyspnoea'', from [[Greek language|Greek]] ''dyspnoia'' from ''dyspnoos'', shortness of breath) or '''shortness of breath''' (SOB) is perceived to be difficulty of breathing or painful breathing. It is a common symptom of numerous medical disorders.
'''Dyspnea on exertion''' ('''DOE''' or '''exertional dyspnea''') indicates dyspnea that occurs (or worsens) during [[Exercise|physical activity]]. Dyspnea on exertion is considered medically normal and does not warrant the ICD-9 786.09.
==Disorders of the lungs==
===Obstructive lung diseases===
* [[Asthma]]
* [[Bronchitis]]
* [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
* [[Cystic fibrosis]]
* [[Emphysema]]
* [[larynx|Laryngeal]] [[edema]] due to [[allergies]]
* [[Hookworm disease]]
===Diseases of lung parenchyma and pleura===
====Contagious====
* [[Anthrax]] through inhalation of ''[[Bacillus anthracis]]''
* [[Pneumonia]]
====Non-contagious====
* Fibrosing [[alveolitis]]
* [[Atelectasis]]
* [[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis]]
* [[Interstitial lung disease]]
* [[Lung cancer]]
* [[Pleural effusion]]
* [[Pneumoconiosis]]
* [[Pneumothorax]]
* Non-cardiogenic [[pulmonary edema]] or [[acute respiratory distress syndrome]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]
===Pulmonary vascular diseases===
* Acute or recurrent [[Pulmonary embolism|pulmonary emboli]]
* [[Pulmonary hypertension]], primary or secondary
* Pulmonary [[veno-occlusive disease]]
* [[Superior vena cava syndrome]]
==Other causes of diminished breathing==
===Obstruction of the airway===
* [[Cancer]] of the [[larynx]] or [[pharynx]]
* [[Empty nose syndrome]]
* [[Pulmonary aspiration]]
* [[Epiglottitis]]
===Immobilization of the diaphragm===
* Lesion of the [[phrenic nerve]]
* [[Polycystic liver disease]]
* [[Tumor]] in the diaphragm
===Restriction of the chest volume===
* [[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
* [[Bone fracture|Broken]] ribs
* [[Kyphosis]] of the spine
* [[Obesity]]
* [[Pregnancy]]
* [[Pectus excavatum]]
* [[Scoliosis]]
===Disorders of the cardiovascular system===
* [[Aortic dissection]]
* [[Cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Congenital heart disease]]
* [[CREST syndrome]]
* [[Heart failure]]
* [[Ischaemic heart disease]]
* [[Malignant hypertension]]
* [[Pericardium]] disorders, including:
** [[Cardiac tamponade]]
** [[Constrictive pericarditis]]
** [[Pericardial effusion]]
* [[Pulmonary edema]]
* [[Pulmonary embolism]]
* [[Valvular heart disease]]
===Disorders of the blood and metabolism===
* [[Anemia]]
* [[Hypothyroidism]]
* [[Metabolic acidosis]]
* [[Sepsis]]
* [[Leukemia]]
===Disorders affecting breathing nerves and muscles ===
* [[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]]
* [[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
* [[Multiple sclerosis]]
* [[Myasthenia gravis]]
* [[Parsonage Turner syndrome]]
* [[Eaton-Lambert syndrome]]
===Psychological conditions===
* [[Anxiety disorder]]s and [[panic attack]]s
===Medications===
* [[Fentanyl]]
==See also==
* [[Air hunger]]
* [[Apnea]], absence of respiration
* [[Tachypnea]], fast respiration
* [[Bradypnea]], slow respiration
* [[Eupnea]], normal respiration
* [[Orthopnea]]
* [[Trepopnea]]
* [[Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea]]
==References==
{{cite book| last = Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | title =Stedman's Medical Dictionary, 28th Edition| publisher =Julie K. Stegman| date =[[2006]]| location =[[Baltimore, Maryland]]| pages =601| isbn = 0-7817-3390-1}}
==External links==
* {{GPnotebook|825557022|Dyspnea}}
{{Circulatory and respiratory system symptoms and signs}}
[[Category:Abnormal respiration]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Symptoms]]
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