Dysprosium(III) chloride 1382245 161053604 2007-09-29T04:04:26Z Chem-awb 4806773 chemicals pages cleanup per [[User:Beetstra/Chemicals]] using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] {{Chembox new | Name = Dysprosium(III) chloride | ImageFile = Dysprosium(III) chloride.jpg <!-- | ImageSize = 200px --> | ImageName = Dysprosium(III) chloride hexahydrate | IUPACName = Dysprosium(III) chloride<br />Dysprosium trichloride | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = 10025-74-8 | RTECS = }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = DyCl<sub>3</sub> | MolarMass = 268.86 g/mol (anhydrous) | Appearance = white solid | Density = 3.67 g/cm³, solid | Solubility = Soluble | MeltingPt = 647 °C (anhydrous) | BoilingPt = 1530 °C }} | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | Coordination = [[Octahedron|Octahedral]] | CrystalStruct = [[Aluminium chloride#Structure|AlCl<sub>3</sub> structure]] }} | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | ExternalMSDS = | EUClass = not listed | FlashPt = non flammable }} | Section8 = {{Chembox Related | OtherAnions = [[Dysprosium(III) fluoride]]<br />[[Dysprosium(III) bromide]]<br />[[Dysprosium(III) iodide]] | OtherCations = [[Terbium(III) chloride]]<br />[[Dysprosium(II) chloride]]<br />[[Holmium(III) chloride]] }} }} '''Dysprosium(III) chloride''' (DyCl<sub>3</sub>), also known as '''dysprosium trichloride''', is a compound of [[dysprosium]] and [[chlorine]]. It is a white to yellow solid which rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a hexa[[hydrate]], DyCl<sub>3</sub>.6H<sub>2</sub>O. Simple rapid heating of the hydrate causes partial [[hydrolysis]]<ref name="Edel">F. T. Edelmann, P. Poremba, in: ''Synthetic Methods of Organometallic and Inorganic Chemistry'', (W. A. Herrmann, ed.), Vol. 6, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1997.</ref> to an oxychloride, DyOCl. ==Chemical properties== Dysprosium(III) chloride is a moderately strong [[Lewis acid]], which ranks as "hard" according to the [[HSAB concept]]. Aqueous solutions of dysprosium chloride can be used to prepare insoluble dysprosium(III) compounds, for example [[dysprosium(III) fluoride]]: :DyCl<sub>3</sub>([[aqueous|aq]]) + 3 [[sodium fluoride|NaF]]([[aqueous|aq]]) → [[dysprosium(III) fluoride|DyF<sub>3</sub>]]([[solid|s]]) + 3 [[sodium chloride|NaCl]]([[aqueous|aq]]) ==Preparation== Dysprosium(III) chloride can be prepared as a yellow aqueous solution by reaction of either dysprosium metal or [[dysprosium(III) carbonate]] and [[hydrochloric acid]]. :2 [[dysprosium|Dy]]([[solid|s]]) + 6 [[hydrochloric acid|HCl]]([[aqueous|aq]]) → 2 DyCl<sub>3</sub>([[aqueous|aq]]) + 3 [[hydrogen|H<sub>2</sub>]]([[gas|g]]) :[[dysprosium(III) carbonate|Dy<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]]([[solid|s]]) + 6 [[hydrochloric acid|HCl]]([[aqueous|aq]]) → 2 DyCl<sub>3</sub>([[aqueous|aq]]) + 3 [[carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]]([[gas|g]]) + 3 [[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]([[liquid|l]]) [[Anhydrous]] DyCl<sub>3</sub> can be made by dehydration of the hydrate either by slowly heating to 400 °C with 4-6 equivalents of [[ammonium chloride]] under high vacuum.<ref name="Edel"/><ref>M. D. Taylor, P. C. Carter, ''J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.'' '''24''', 387 (1962); J. Kutscher, A. Schneider, ''Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett.'' '''7''', 815 (1971).</ref> The anhydrous [[halide]] may alternatively be prepared from dysprosium metal and [[hydrogen chloride]]<ref>L. F. Druding, J. D. Corbett, ''J. Am. Chem. Soc.'' '''83''', 2462 (1961); J. D. Corbett, ''Rev. Chim. Minerale'' '''10''', 239 (1973).</ref>. It is usually purified by high temperature sublimation under high vacuum.<ref name="Edel"/> ==Uses== Dysprosium(III) chloride can be used as a starting point for the preparation of other [[dysprosium]] [[salt]]s. Dysprosium metal is produced when a molten mixture of DyCl<sub>3</sub> in [[eutectic]] [[Lithium chloride|LiCl]]-[[Potassium chloride|KCl]] is [[Electrolysis|electrolysed]]. The reduction occurs via Dy<sup>2+</sup>, at a [[tungsten]] [[Electrode|cathode]].<ref>Y. Castrillejo, M. R. Bermejo, A. I. Barrado, R. Pardo, E. Barrado, A. M. Martinez, ''Electrochimica Acta'', '''50''', 2047-2057 (2005).</ref> ==Precautions== [[Dysprosium]] compounds are believed to be of low to moderate [[toxicity]], although their toxicity has not been investigated in detail. ==References== <references/> [[Category:Dysprosium compounds]] [[Category:Chlorides]] [[Category:Metal halides]]