Economy of the United Arab Emirates 31838 224693627 2008-07-10T00:19:32Z Earle Martin 9867 /* Macro-economic trend */ Changing "aluminum" back to "aluminium" - please don't make unnecessary variant spelling changes (see [[WP:ENGVAR]]). ==Overview== The [[United Arab Emirates]] (UAE) is one of the most developed in the world, based on various socioeconomic indicators such as [[GDP per capita]], energy consumption per capita, and the [[Human Development Index|HDI]]. At $168 billion in 2006, the [[GDP]] of the UAE ranks second in the [[CCASG]] (after [[Saudi Arabia]]), third in the Middle East—North Africa ([[MENA]]) region (after Saudi Arabia and [[Iran]]), and 38th in the world (Malaysia 29th]). [http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2007/01/index.htm 1] There are various deviating estimates regarding the actual growth rate of the nation’s GDP, however all available statistics indicate that the UAE currently has one of the fastest growing economies in the world. According to a recent report by the Ministry of Finance and Industry, nominal GDP rose by 35 per cent in 2006 to $175 billion, compared with $130 billion in 2005. Although the United Arab Emirates is becoming less dependent on natural resources as a source of revenue, [[petroleum]] and [[natural gas]] exports still play an important role in the economy, especially in [[Abu Dhabi]]. A massive construction boom, an expanding manufacturing base, and a thriving services sector are helping the UAE diversify its economy. Nationwide, there is currently $350,000,000,000 worth of active [[construction]] projects. [http://www.wam.org.ae/servlet/Satellite?c=WamLocEnews&cid=1179091517887&p=1135099400228&pagename=WAM%2FWamLocEnews%2FW-T-LEN-FullNews 3] The UAE is a member of the [[World Trade Organization]]. ==Macro-economic trend== This is a chart of trend of gross domestic product of United Arab Emirates at market prices [http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2006/01/data/dbcselm.cfm?G=2001 estimated] by the International Monetary Fund with figures in millions of Dirhams. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year || [[GDP]] (millions of AED) || US Dollar Exchange || Inflation Index (2000=100) |- | 1980 || 109,833 || 3.70 Dirhams || 85 |- | 1985 || 100,400 || 3.67 Dirhams || 57 |- | 1990 || 123,541 || 3.67 Dirhams || 69 |- | 1995 || 157,144 || 3.67 Dirhams || 89 |- | 2000 || 259,247 || 3.67 Dirhams || 100 |- | 2005 || 491,265 || 3.67 Dirhams || 121 |} For purchasing power parity comparisons, the US Dollar is exchanged at 4.41 Dirhams only. Average wages in 2007 hover around $210-254 per day. In [[2003]], the UAE produced about 2.3 million barrels (370,000 m³) of oil per day--of which [[Abu Dhabi]] produced approximately 85%--with [[Dubai]], and [[Sharjah (emirate)|Sharjah]] to a much lesser extent, producing the rest. Indeed, estimates say that Dubai has less than 10 years of oil left at current production levels and Sharjah has less. Sharjah however, does have some gas reserves remaining. Dubai's small remaining gas reserves are earmarked for use by Dubai, which is one of the largest aluminium smelters in the world, with a very low cost per tonne of production, thanks in part to its energy needs being met by these gas reserves. ==External Trade== Major increases in imports occurred in manufactured goods, machinery, and transportation equipment, which together accounted for 80% of total imports. Another important foreign exchange earner, the [[Abu Dhabi Investment Authority]]--which controls the investments of Abu Dhabi, the wealthiest emirate--manages an estimated $360 [[1000000000 (number)|billion]] in overseas investments & an estimated $900 billion in assets. [[Image:2006Emirati_exports.PNG|thumb|left|Emirati exports in 2006]] More than 200 factories operate at the [[Jebel Ali]] complex in Dubai, which includes a deep-water port and a free trade zone for manufacturing and distribution in which all goods for re-export or [[transshipment]] enjoy a 100% duty exemption. A major power plant with associated water desalination units, an aluminium smelter, and a steel fabrication unit are prominent facilities in the complex. The complex is currently undergoing expansion, with sections of land set aside for different sectors of industry. A large international passenger and cargo airport, [[Dubai World Central International Airport]], with associated logistics, manufacturing and hospitality industries, is also planned here. Except in the free trade zone, the UAE requires at least 51% local citizen ownership in all businesses operating in the country as part of its attempt to place Emiratis into leadership positions. However, this law is under review and the majority ownership clause will very likely be scrapped, to bring the country into line with World Trade Organisation regulations. As a member of the [[Gulf Cooperation Council]] (GCC), the UAE participates in the wide range of GCC activities that focus on economic issues. These include regular consultations and development of common policies covering trade, investment, banking and finance, transportation, telecommunications, and other technical areas, including protection of intellectual property rights. ==Diversification== In the [[Arab world]], UAE has the third-largest non-oil GDP, behind Egypt and Morocco, as of 2005. Recently, the Emirate of [[Dubai]] has started to look for other sources of revenue. High-class tourism and international finance are the new sectors starting to be developed. In line with this initiative, the [[Dubai International Financial Centre]] was announced, offering 55.5% foreign ownership, no [[withholding tax]], freehold land and office space and a tailor-made financial regulatory system with laws taken from best practice in other leading financial centres like New York, London, Zürich and Singapore. A new stock market for regional companies and other initiatives were announced in DIFC. Dubai has also developed Internet and Media free zones, offering 100% foreign ownership, no tax office space for the worlds leading ICT and media companies, with the latest communications infrastructure to service them. Many of the world's leading companies have now set up shop there. Recent liberalisation in the property market allowing non citizens to buy freehold land has resulted in a major boom in the construction and real estate sectors, with several signature developments such as the 2 [[Palm Islands]], [[the World (archipelago)]], Dubai Marina, Jumeirah Lake Towers, and a number of other developments, offering villas and high rise apartments and office space. In [[As of 2001|2001]], budgeted government revenues were about [[United Arab Emirates dirham|AED]] 29.7 billion, and expenditures were about AED 22.9 billion. ==Investment== The stock [[market capitalisation]] of listed companies in the UAE was valued at $225,568 million in 2005 by the [[World Bank]]. [http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0,,contentMDK:20394793~menuPK:1192714~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSitePK:239419,00.html] ==See also== * [[United Arab Emirates]] ==External links== *[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html#Econ UAE Economy on the CIA World Factbook] {{OPEC}} {{Asia in topic|Economy of}} [[Category:WTO member economies|United Arab Emirates]] [[Category:Economy of the United Arab Emirates| ]] [[Category:Economy of the Arab League]] [[Category:Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries|United Arab Emirates]] [[ar:اقتصاد الإمارات العربية المتحدة]] [[es:Economía de los Emiratos Árabes Unidos]] [[fr:Économie des Émirats arabes unis]] [[nl:Economie van de Verenigde Arabische Emiraten]] [[vi:Kinh tế Các Tiểu vương quốc Ả rập Thống nhất]]