Eduard Strasburger
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'''Eduard Adolf Strasburger''' ([[February 1]], [[1844]], [[Warsaw]] – [[May 19]], [[1912]] [[Bonn]]) was a [[Poland|Polish]]-[[Germany|German]] professor who was one of the most famous [[botanist]]s of the 19th century.
He was born in [[Warsaw]], [[Poland]], son of Edward Bogumil Strasburger (1803-1874). In 1870 he married Aleksandra Julja Wertheim (1847-1902), and had two children: Anna (b.1870) and Juliusz (1871-1934).
Strasburger studied [[natural sciences]] in [[Paris]], Bonn and [[Jena]], receiving a PhD in 1866. In 1868 he taught at the [[University of Warsaw]]. In 1869 he was appointed professor of [[botany]] at the [[University of Jena]]. Since 1881 he was head of the ''Botanisches Institut'' at the [[University of Bonn]].
In botany, his auctorial abbreviation is Strasb.
== Accomplishments ==
Strasburger was a founder of the famous ''Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen'' (''Textbook of Botany''), which first appeared in 1894. He was the first to provide an accurate description of the embryonic sac in [[gymnosperms]] (such as [[conifers]]) and [[angiosperms]] (flowering plants), along with demonstrating double-fertilization in angiosperms. He came up with one of the modern laws of plant [[cytology]]: "New cell nuclei can only arise from the division of other nuclei." and originated the terms [[cytoplasm]] and [[nucleoplasm]].
Together with [[Walther Flemming]], and [[Edouard van Beneden]] he elucidated chromosome distribution during cell division. His work on the upward movement of [[Sap (plant)|tree sap]] proved that the process was physical and not physiological.
== Bibliography ==
*"On Cell Formation and Cell Division", 1876 - a book in which he set forth the basic principles of [[mitosis]]
*1894 textbook ''Textbook of Botany'' (written with colleagues)
== Trivia ==
* One of his nephews (by his half-sister Maria-Paulina Strasburger) was [[Edward Werner]], Polish vice-Finance Minister.
* Another of his nephews (by his half-brother Juljan Teofil Strasburger) was [[Henryk Leon Strasburger]], a member of the [[Polish government in exile]] during [[World War II]]
* His great-great-nephew [[Peter Zika]] is a noted [[United States|American]] [[botanist]]
== References ==
*[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9069896/Eduard-Adolf-Strasburger "Strasburger, Eduard Adolf"] [[Encyclopædia Britannica]] (1979 ed)
*[http://www.deutsche-botanische-gesellschaft.de/html/047StrasburgerCV.html "Science is in a Constant Flow": Live and Work of Eduard Strasburger (1844-1912)]
*[http://www.elonka.com/public/genealogy/html/d0002/g0000029.html#I1582 Family Tree] maintained by great-great-grandniece [[Elonka Dunin]]
*{{cite book
| last = Strasburger
| first = Eduard
| coauthors = [[Fritz Noll]], Hobart Charles Porter, Heinrich Schenck, [[Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper]]
| editor = Translated by Hobart Charles Porter
| title = A Text-book of Botany
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=qqJuuC_L9yIC
| date = 1898
| publisher = [[Macmillan Publishers]]
| pages = 632 pages
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Strasburger, Eduard}}
[[Category:1844 births]]
[[Category:1912 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Warsaw]]
[[Category:German botanists]]
[[Category:Polish biologists]]
[[Category:Polish Lutherans]]
[[Category:German academics]]
[[Category:Polish teachers]]
[[Category:University of Bonn alumni]]
[[Category:University of Bonn faculty]]
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