Elias Magnus Fries
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{{Infobox_Scientist
| name = Elias Magnus Fries
| image = Elias_Magnus_Fries.jpg|300px
| image_width = frameless
| caption = Drawn image of Elias Magnus Fries
| birth_date = {{birth date|1794|8|15|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[Femsjö]], [[Sweden]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1878|2|8|1794|8|15|mf=y}}
| death_place = [[Uppsala]], [[Sweden]]
| nationality = Swedish
| field = [[Mycology]], [[Botany]]
| work_institution = [[Lund University|University of Lund]] (1814–1834),<br> [[Uppsala University]] (1834–1878)
| alma_mater = [[Lund University|University of Lund]]
| known_for = Founder of modern fungal taxonomy
| author_abbreviation_bot = '''Fr.'''
}}
'''Elias Magnus Fries''' ([[August 15]], [[1794]] – [[February 8]], [[1878]]) was a [[Sweden|Swedish]] [[mycologist]] and [[botanist]] born at [[Femsjö]] in [[Småland]].
== Background ==
In [[1811]] he entered the [[Lund University|University of Lund]] where, in [[1814]], he was appointed an associate professorship in [[botany]], and in [[1824]], became a full [[professor]]. In [[1834]] he became [[professor borgströmianus]] of practical economy (from [[1851]] "botany and practical economy") at [[Uppsala University]].
Fries is considered to be, after [[Christian Hendrik Persoon|Persoon]], founding father of modern [[mushroom]] [[taxonomy]] (see [[mycology]]). His [[taxonomy]] of mushrooms was influenced by [[German romantic]]s (see [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]]). He utilized [[spore]] color and arrangement of the [[hymenophore]] (pores, gills, teeth etc.) as major taxonomic characteristics.
When he died, ''[[The Times]]'' commented: "His very numerous works, especially on fungi and lichens, give him a position as regards those groups of plants only comparable to that of [[Linnaeus]]." (''The Times'', Thursday, Feb 21, 1878; pg. 6; Issue 29184; col C)
Fries was succeeded in the borgströmian professorship by [[John Areschoug]], after whom [[Thore Fries]], the son of Elias, held the chair.
{{botanist|Fr.|Fries, Elias Magnus}}
==External links==
*[http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nfbh/0751.html Biography] from [[Nordisk familjebok]] (in Swedish)
*[http://www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us/Authors/Fries10.html "Elias Magnus Fries"], Authors of fungal names, ''Illinois Mycological Association''.
*[http://www.eliasfries.org Web site of the Decendants of Elias Fries Association]
<!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] -->
{{Persondata
|NAME= Fries, Elias Magnus
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION= [[Mycology|Mycologist]], [[Botany|Botanist]]
|DATE OF BIRTH= [[August 15]], [[1794]]
|PLACE OF BIRTH= [[Femsjö]], [[Sweden]]
|DATE OF DEATH= [[February 8]], [[1878]]
|PLACE OF DEATH= [[Uppsala]], [[Sweden]]
}}
[[Category:Botanists with author abbreviations|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:Swedish botanists|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:Swedish algologists|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:Swedish bryologists|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:Pteridologists|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:Swedish mycologists|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:Members of the Swedish Academy|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:1794 births|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:1878 deaths|Fries, Elias Magnus]]
[[Category:People connected to Lund University|Fries, E]]
[[Category:People from Småland|Fries, E]]
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