Enix
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2008-07-15T15:27:10Z
Kariteh
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[[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 225817812 by [[Special:Contributions/Time for action|Time for action]] ([[User talk:Time for action|talk]])
{{for|the Spanish municipality|Enix, Spain}}
{{Infobox Company
|company_name={{nihongo|Enix Corporation|株式会社エニックス|Kabushiki-gaisha Enikkusu}}
|company_logo=[[Image:Enix logo.png|center]]
|company_slogan=
|company_type=[[Public company|Public]] (defunct)
|foundation=[[September 22]] [[1975]]
|location=[[Tokyo|Tokyo, Japan]]
|num_employees=N/A
|key_people=[[Keiji Honda]], President<br />[[Yasuhiro Fukushima]], Founder and CEO
|industry=[[video game|Software & Programming]] & [[Publishing]]
|products=[[Dragon Quest|''Dragon Quest'' video game franchise]]<br /> [[Star Ocean|''Star Ocean'' video game franchise]]
|revenue=N/A
|homepage=[http://www.square-enix.co.jp/ www.square-enix.co.jp]<br />[http://www.square-enix.com/ www.square-enix.com]<br />[http://www.square-enix-europe.com/ www.square-enix-europe.com]<br />
}}
The {{nihongo|'''Enix Corporation'''|株式会社エニックス|Kabushiki-gaisha Enikkusu}} was a company that produced [[Japan]]ese [[video game]]s and [[manga]]. The company was founded by [[Yasuhiro Fukushima]] on [[September 22]], [[1975]] as {{nihongo|Eidansha Boshu Service Center|株式会社営団社募集サービスセンター|Kabushiki Gaisha Eidansha Boshū Sābisu Sentā}} and renamed '''Enix''' in [[1982]].<ref name="Timeline">{{cite web | author=Square Enix | title=Square Enix History (timeline) | url=http://www.square-enix.com/jp/company/e/history/ | work=Square-Enix.com |]] accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref> The company merged with [[Square Co.]] in [[2003]] to become [[Square Enix]].
==History==
Enix began its foray into the gaming market in 1982 by holding a [[personal computer]] game programming contest.<ref name="History">{{cite paper | first = Daiji | last = Fujii | title = Entrepreneurial choices of strategic options in Japan's RPG development | publisher = Faculty of Economics, [[Okayama University]] | date = January 2006 | url = http://www.e.okayama-u.ac.jp/~dfujii/Option.pdf | format = pdf | accessdate = 2008-06-01}}</ref> One of the winners was the puzzle game ''[[Door Door]]'', created by [[Koichi Nakamura]], would go on to become one of the company's better known home computer titles. The game was subsequently ported to the [[Nintendo]] [[Nintendo Entertainment System|Famicom]], but never saw any form of release outside of [[Japan]]. Nakamura would stay onboard as one Enix's key programmers.<ref name="History"/>
Over the next few years, Enix published several video games for various Japanese home computer systems.<ref name="History"/> However, Enix is perhaps most famous for publishing the ''[[Dragon Quest]]'' series of console games (released as ''Dragon Warrior'' in [[North America]] until 2005) developed by [[Chunsoft]]. The developer's staff consisted of key members of Enix including Koichi Nakamura, writer [[Yuuji Horii]], artist [[Akira Toriyama]], and composer [[Koichi Sugiyama]], among others. The [[Dragon Warrior|first game]] in the Famicom-based RPG series was released in 1986 to astounding praise and healthy sales.
Other popular games published by Enix include ''[[Soul Blazer]]'', ''[[Illusion of Gaia]]'', and ''[[Terranigma]]'', all developed by [[Quintet (developer)|Quintet]], and the ''[[Star Ocean]]'' series developed by [[tri-Ace]]. Enix usually held the entire [[copyright]] for these games but sometimes the [[Video game developer|development company]] did as well as Enix. The company also published manga, most notably the ''[[Fullmetal Alchemist]]'' series, from its shonen magazine ''[[Gangan Comics#Monthly Shōnen Gangan|Monthly Shōnen Gangan]]''.
A merger between Enix and its competitor Square was in consideration since at least 2000. Despite Enix's profound advertisment of ''[[Dragon Warrior VII|Dragon Quest VII]]'' in 1999, the game was delayed numerous times. Although its sales were ultimately good, its success did not contribute to the [[fiscal year]] 1999, cutting the company's profit-to-sales ratio in half from 1998 and dropping its stock value by 40% in the early 2000.<ref>{{cite web | author=IGN staff | date=April 28, 2000 | title=Dragon Quest VII Sells Like Crazy | url=http://psx.ign.com/articles/084/084151p1.html | work=IGN.com | accessdate=2008-06-01}}</ref><ref name="History"/> The financial failure of the Square's 2001 feature film ''[[Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within]]'' made Enix hesitant to join with a company that loses money.<ref>{{cite web | author=Long, Andrew| date=2003 | title=Square-Enix Gives Chrono Break Trademark Some Playmates | url=http://www.rpgamer.com/news/Q2-2003/042503e.html | work=RPGamer.com | accessdate=2008-06-01}}</ref> The merge was delayed until April 1, 2003, when Enix [[Mergers and acquisitions|merged]] with [[Square Co.|Square Co., Ltd.]], and as the surviving entity became the modern day company [[Square Enix]].<ref name="Timeline"/>
==Subsidiaries==
'''Enix America Corporation''' was the corporation's first [[United States|American]] localization subsidiary. It was organized after the release of ''Dragon Warrior'' by [[Nintendo|Nintendo of America]] in [[1989]]. The subsidiary came into existence in [[1990]], but closed in November [[1995]] when the parent company decided to no longer release products in North America.<ref>{{cite news | title=Enix on a Quest | work=Nintendo Power #80 | publisher=Nintendo| page=58 |date=[[1996]] | accessdate=2008-05-18}}</ref> One of the game they published, ''[[King Arthur & the Knights of Justice (video game)|King Arthur & the Knights of Justice]]'', was Enix's first and only North America exclusive game.<ref>{{Citation | last=Averill | first=Alan | publication-date=March 1995 | title=King Arthur & the Knights of Justice | periodical=[[Nintendo Power]] | series=Epic Center | publisher=[[Nintendo]] | volume=70 | pages =p. 36}}. "Our first Epic Center developer focus zooms in on ''King Arthur & the Knights of Justice'' from Enix. Manley & Associates is breaking ground with this game as the first American developer of a major adventure for Enix."</ref>
'''Enix America, Inc.''', Enix's last American localization subsidiary, was organized in 1999 after the release of ''[[Dragon Warrior Monsters (video game)|Dragon Warrior Monsters]]'' through a joint venture with [[Eidos Interactive|Eidos]].<ref name="Timeline"/> Paul Handelman, who was part of Enix America Corporation's staff, returned to lead Enix America, Inc. as President. The corporation was in existence until [[2003]], ceasing to exist after the merger with Square Co., Ltd.<ref>{{cite web | author=Stone, Cortney | date=2003 | title=Enix America Shuts Down | url=http://www.rpgamer.com/news/Q1-2003/020203a.html | work=RPGamer.com | accessdate=2007-09-11}}</ref>
==List of games==
*[[List of Enix games]]
*[[List of Enix Japan exclusive games]]
*[[List of Square Enix games]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.square-enix.com/ Square Enix Global site]
*[http://www.square-enix.com/jp/company/e/history/ History of Enix and Square (official site)]
{{Square Enix}}
[[Category:Companies established in 1975]]
[[Category:2003 disestablishments]]
[[Category:Enix| ]]
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[[pt:Square Enix]]
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