Ependyma
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2008-07-04T11:49:52Z
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'''Ependyma''' is the thin [[Epithelium|epithelial membrane]] lining the [[ventricular system]] of the [[brain]] and the [[spinal cord]]. Ependyma is one of the four types of [[neuroglia]] in the [[central nervous system]]. It is involved in the production of [[cerebrospinal fluid]] (CSF).
==Ependymal Cells==
The ependyma is made up of ependymal cells. These are the [[epithelial]] [[Cell (biology)|cells]] that line the CSF-filled [[Ventricular system|ventricle]]s in the brain and the [[central canal]] of the spinal cord. The cells are cuboidal/columnar. Their [[apical]] surfaces are covered in a layer of [[cilia]], which circulate CSF around the central nervous system. Their apical surfaces are also covered with [[microvilli]], which absorb CSF. Within the brain's ventricles, a population of modified ependymal cells and capillaries together form a system called the [[choroid plexus]], which produces the CSF.
They are also Glial cells and CSF producing
==Pathology==
[[Ependymoma]] is a tumor of the ependyma. Inflammation of ependymal cells, or ependymitis, is a hallmark pathology of tertiary syphilitic infections.
==Stem cells==
Jonas Frisén and his colleagues at the [[Karolinska Institute]] in [[Stockholm]] believe that ependyma is the prime candidate for the location of neural [[stem cells]].<ref>{{cite journal | author = Johansson CB, Momma S, Clarke DL, Risling M, Lendahl U, Frisen J | title = Identification of a neural stem cell in the adult mammalian central nervous system | journal = Cell | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 25–34 | year = 1999 | pmid = 9989494 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80956-3}}</ref>
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
* [http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/ids_104_cns_injury/Response%20_to_Injury/EpendymalCells.htm Illustrations at ucsf.edu]
* [http://synapses.mcg.edu/atlas/2_2intro.stm Atlas at ]
{{neuroanatomy-stub}}
{{Telencephalon}}
{{Nervous tissue}}
[[Category:Physiology]]
[[Category:Neuroanatomy]]
[[Category:Tissues]]
[[Category:Developmental neuroscience]]
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