Ependyma 1175286 223514049 2008-07-04T11:49:52Z DOI bot 6652755 Citation maintenance. Formatted: title. You can [[WP:DOI|use this bot]] yourself! Please [[User:DOI_bot/bugs|report any bugs]]. {{Infobox Anatomy | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | Latin = | GraySubject = 189 | GrayPage = 829 | Image = Gray667.png | Caption = Section of central canal of medulla spinalis, showing ependymal and neuroglial cells. | Width = 200 | Image2 = | Caption2 = | System = | MeshName = Ependyma | MeshNumber = A08.186.211.276.460 | }} '''Ependyma''' is the thin [[Epithelium|epithelial membrane]] lining the [[ventricular system]] of the [[brain]] and the [[spinal cord]]. Ependyma is one of the four types of [[neuroglia]] in the [[central nervous system]]. It is involved in the production of [[cerebrospinal fluid]] (CSF). ==Ependymal Cells== The ependyma is made up of ependymal cells. These are the [[epithelial]] [[Cell (biology)|cells]] that line the CSF-filled [[Ventricular system|ventricle]]s in the brain and the [[central canal]] of the spinal cord. The cells are cuboidal/columnar. Their [[apical]] surfaces are covered in a layer of [[cilia]], which circulate CSF around the central nervous system. Their apical surfaces are also covered with [[microvilli]], which absorb CSF. Within the brain's ventricles, a population of modified ependymal cells and capillaries together form a system called the [[choroid plexus]], which produces the CSF. They are also Glial cells and CSF producing ==Pathology== [[Ependymoma]] is a tumor of the ependyma. Inflammation of ependymal cells, or ependymitis, is a hallmark pathology of tertiary syphilitic infections. ==Stem cells== Jonas Frisén and his colleagues at the [[Karolinska Institute]] in [[Stockholm]] believe that ependyma is the prime candidate for the location of neural [[stem cells]].<ref>{{cite journal | author = Johansson CB, Momma S, Clarke DL, Risling M, Lendahl U, Frisen J | title = Identification of a neural stem cell in the adult mammalian central nervous system | journal = Cell | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 25–34 | year = 1999 | pmid = 9989494 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80956-3}}</ref> ==References== <references/> ==External links== * [http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/ids_104_cns_injury/Response%20_to_Injury/EpendymalCells.htm Illustrations at ucsf.edu] * [http://synapses.mcg.edu/atlas/2_2intro.stm Atlas at ] {{neuroanatomy-stub}} {{Telencephalon}} {{Nervous tissue}} [[Category:Physiology]] [[Category:Neuroanatomy]] [[Category:Tissues]] [[Category:Developmental neuroscience]] [[de:Ependym]] [[he:תא אפנדימלי]] [[pl:Wyściółka]] [[ru:Эпендимоциты]] [[sk:Ependýmová bunka]]