Escherichia 1637707 221102199 2008-06-23T01:45:43Z DOI bot 6652755 Citation maintenance. Initiated by [[User:Fconaway|Fconaway]]. You can [[WP:DOI|use this bot]] yourself! Please [[User:DOI_bot/bugs|report any bugs]]. {{Taxobox | color = lightgrey | name = ''Escherichia'' | image = Esch_coli.jpg | image_width = 270px | image_caption = [[Scanning electron microscope|SEM]] [[micrograph]] of ''[[Escherichia coli]]'' bacteria | regnum = [[Bacterium|Bacteria]] | phylum = [[Proteobacteria]] | classis = [[Gamma Proteobacteria]] | ordo = [[Enterobacteriales]] | familia = [[Enterobacteriaceae]] | genus = '''''Escherichia''''' | genus_authority = Castellani & Chalmers 1919 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = ''E. adecarboxylata''<br> ''E. albertii''<br> ''E. blattae''<br> ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]''<br> ''E. fergusonii''<br> ''E. hermannii''<br> ''E. vulneris''<br> }} '''''Escherichia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Gram-negative]], non-[[Endospore|spore]] forming, [[Facultative anaerobic organism|facultatively anaerobic]], rod-shaped [[bacteria]] from the family [[Enterobacteriaceae]].<ref name=Brock>{{cite book | author = Madigan M; Martinko J (editors). | title = Brock Biology of Microorganisms | edition = 11th ed. | publisher = Prentice Hall | year = 2005 | id = ISBN 0-13-144329-1 }}</ref> Inhabitants of the [[gastrointestinal tract]]s of [[warm-blooded]] animals, ''Escherichia'' species provide a portion of the microbially-derived [[vitamin K]] for their host. ''[[Escherichia coli]]'' are the most numerous aerobic [[commensalism|commensal]] inhabitants of the large intestine in humans. ==Pathogenesis== While many ''Escherichia'' are harmless commensals, particular strains of some species are human [[pathogen]]s,<ref name=Baron>{{cite book | author = Guentzel MN | title = Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Citrobacter, and Proteus. ''In:'' Baron's Medical Microbiology ''(Baron S ''et al'', eds.)| edition = 4th ed. | publisher = Univ of Texas Medical Branch | year = 1996 | id = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed.section.1451 (via NCBI Bookshelf)] ISBN 0-9631172-1-1 }}</ref> and are known as the most common cause of [[urinary tract infection]]s,<ref name=Ronald_2003>{{cite journal | author=Ronald A | title=The etiology of urinary tract infection: traditional and emerging pathogens | journal=Dis Mon | year=2003 | pages=71–82 | volume=49 | issue=2 | pmid=12601338 | doi=10.1016/S0011-5029(03)90001-0 }}</ref> significant sources of gastrointestinal disease, ranging from simple [[diarrhea]] to [[dysentery]]-like conditions,<ref name=Brock /> as well as a wide-range of other pathogenic states.<ref name=Prokaryotes>{{cite web | title=The Species of ''Escherichia'' other than ''E. coli'' | work=The Prokaryotes | url=http://141.150.157.117:8080/prokPUB/chaphtm/142/11_00.htm | accessdate=2006-05-05}}</ref> While ''[[E. coli]]'' is responsible for the vast majority of ''Escherichia''-related pathogenesis, other members of the genus have also been implicated in human disease.<ref name=Pien_1985>{{cite journal | author=Pien FD, Shrum S, Swenson JM, Hill BC, Thornsberry C, Farmer JJ 3rd | title=Colonization of human wounds by ''Escherichia vulneris'' and ''Escherichia hermannii'' | journal=J Clin Microbiol | year=1985 | pages=283–5 | volume=22 | issue=2 | pmid=3897270 }}</ref><sup>,</sup><ref name=Chaudhury_1999>{{cite journal | author=Chaudhury A, Nath G, Tikoo A, Sanyal SC | title=Enteropathogenicity and antimicrobial susceptibility of new ''Escherichia'' spp | journal=J Diarrhoeal Dis Res | year=1999 | pages=85–7 | volume=17 | issue=2 | pmid=10897892 }}</ref> ==See also== *[[Escherichia coli O157:H7|''E. coli'' O157:H7]] ==References== <references /> [[Category:Enterobacteria]] [[Category:Gut flora]] [[ca:Escheríchia]] [[de:Escherichia]] [[eu:Escherichia]] [[pl:Escherichia]] [[tr:Escherichia]]