Esmolol
1116088
217864703
2008-06-08T01:34:25Z
Bobjgalindo
4429928
[[es: Esmolol]]
{{drugbox |
| IUPAC_name = methyl 3-[4-(2-hydroxy-3-propan<br>-2-ylamino-propoxy)phenyl]propanoate
| CAS_number = 103598-03-4
| ATC_prefix=C07
| ATC_suffix=AB09
| PubChem=59768
| DrugBank=
| image = Esmolol structure.svg
| C=16 | H=25 | N=1 | O=4>
| molecular_weight = 295.374 [[gram|g]]/[[mole (unit)|mol]]
| metabolism = [[Red blood cell|Erythrocytic]]
| bioavailability = -
| volume_of_distribution = 3.5 l kg<sup>-1</sup>
| protein_bound = 60%
| elimination_half-life = 9 minutes
| excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]]
| pregnancy_AU = C
| pregnancy_US = C
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration = [[Intravenous|iv]]
}}
'''Esmolol''' (trade name '''Brevibloc''') is a cardioselective [[beta-blocker|beta<sub>1</sub> receptor blocker]] with rapid onset, a very short duration of action, and no significant intrinsic [[sympathomimetic]] or membrane stabilising activity at therapeutic dosages.
Esmolol decreases the force and rate of heart contractions by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors of the [[sympathetic nervous system]], which are found in the [[heart]] and other organs of the body. Esmolol prevents the action of two naturally occurring substances: [[epinephrine]] and [[norepinephrine]].
==Dosing==
Esmolol is given by slow intravenous [[Injection (medicine)|injection]]. It is commonly used in patients during surgery to prevent or treat [[tachycardia]], and is also used in treatment of [[acute supraventricular tachycardia]]. Esmolol is also the drug of choice when aortic dissection is suspected.
==Metabolism==
Esmolol is rapidly hydrolysed by the esterases in the cytosol of red blood cells. Plasma cholinesterases and red cell membrane acetylcholinesterase do not have any action. This metabolism results in the formation of a free acid and [[methanol]]. The amount of methanol produced is similar to endogenous methanol production. Its elimination half-life is about 9 minutes.
{{beta blockers}}
[[Category:Beta blockers]]
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[[es:Esmolol]]
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