Ethacrynic acid 2458301 214078136 2008-05-22T00:30:26Z Bobjgalindo 4429928 [[es:Ácido etacrínico]] {{drugbox | IUPAC_name = 2-[2,3-dichloro-4-(2-methylidenebutanoyl) phenoxy] acetic acid | image = Ethacrynic acid.svg | CAS_number = 58-54-8 | ATC_prefix = | ATC_suffix = | ATC_supplemental = | PubChem = 3278 | DrugBank = APRD00251 | C=13 | H=12 | Cl=2 | O=4 | molecular_weight = 303.137 g/mol | bioavailability = | protein_bound = > 98% | metabolism = | elimination_half-life = | pregnancy_category = | legal_status = | routes_of_administration = }} '''Ethacrynic acid''' (trade name '''Edecrin''') is a [[loop diuretic]] [[medication]] used to treat [[hypertension|high blood pressure]] and the [[edema|swelling]] caused by diseases like [[congestive heart failure]], [[liver failure]], and [[kidney failure]]. Unlike the other loop diuretics, ethacrynic acid is not a [[Sulfonamide (medicine)|sulfonamide]] and thus, its use is not contraindicated in those with sulfa allergies. Ethacrynic acid is a phenoxyacetic acid derivative containing a ketone and a methylene group. A cysteine adduct is formed with the methylene group and this is the active form. ==Administration== 25 mg and 50 mg tablets are available for oral use. The sodium salt (ethacrynate sodium) can also be given [[intravenous therapy|intravenous]]ly. ==Side effects== As a [[diuretic]], ethacrynic acid can cause frequent urination, but this usually resolves after taking the drug for a few weeks. Ethacrynic acid can also cause [[hypokalemia|low potassium levels]], which may manifest as muscle cramps or weakness. It has also been known to cause reversible or permanent hearing loss and liver damage. On oral administration, it produces diarrhea; intestinal bleeding may occur at higher doses. ==Mechanism of action== Acts by inhibiting sodim-potassium-chloride cotransport in the ascending loop of Henle. Loss of potassium ions is less marked but chances of hypochloremic alkalosis are greater. The dose response curve of ethacrynic acid is steeper than that of furosemide and, in general, it is less manageable; dose range is 50-150mg. Ethacrynic acid and its glutathione-adduct are potent inhibitors of Glutathione S-transferase family members, which are enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. [[Category:Loop diuretics]] {{pharma-stub}} [[de:Etacrynsäure]] [[es:Ácido etacrínico]] [[it:Acido etacrinico]] [[pl:Kwas etakrynowy]]