Eudicots 2774053 222407633 2008-06-29T05:13:24Z JoJan 58781 link {{Taxobox | name = Eudicots (Tricolpates) | image = Primula aka.jpg | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Angiospermae]] | unranked_classis = '''Eudicots''' | subdivision_ranks = Clades | subdivision = *[[Ranunculales]] *[[Sabiales]] *[[Proteales]] *[[Trochodendrales]] *[[Buxales]] *[[Gunnerales]] *Core eudicots: **[[Berberidopsidales]] **[[Dilleniales]] **[[Caryophyllales]] **[[Santalales]] **[[Saxifragales]] **[[Vitales]] **[[Rosids]] about 16 orders **[[Asterids]] about 10 orders }} '''Eudicots''' and '''Eudicotyledons''' are terms introduced by Doyle & Hotton (1991) to refer to a group of [[flowering plant]]s that had been called "tricolpates" or "non-Magnoliid dicots" by previous authors. The term means, literally, "true dicotyledons" as it contains the majority of plants that have been considered [[dicotyledons]] and have typical dicotyledonous characters. The term "eudicots" has been widely adopted to refer to one of the two major [[clade]]s of angiosperms, [[monocots]] being the other. The remaining dicots are sometimes referred to as '''[[paleodicot]]s''' but this term has not been widely adopted as it does not refer to a [[monophyletic]] group. A large number of familiar plants are eudicots. A few are [[forget-me-not]], [[cabbage]], [[apple]], [[dandelion]], [[buttercup]], [[maple]] and [[macadamia]]. Another name for the eudicots is '''tricolpates''', a name which refers to the structure of the [[pollen]]. The group has tricolpate pollen, or forms derived from it. These pollen have three or more [[pore]]s set in furrows called colpi. In contrast, most of the other [[seed plants]] (that is the [[gymnosperms]], the [[monocots]] and the paleodicots) produce monosulcate pollen, with a single pore set in a differently oriented groove called the sulcus. The name "tricolpates" is preferred by some botanists in order to avoid confusion with the [[dicot]]s, a non-monophyletic group (Judd & Olmstead 2004). The name '''eudicots''' (plural) is used in the [[APG system]], of 1998, and [[APG II system]], of 2003, for classification of [[angiosperms]]. It is applied to a [[clade]], a [[monophyletic]] group, which includes most of the (former) [[dicotyledon]]s. ;Subdivision Within the "eudicots" or "tricolpates" the main groups are the "'''rosids'''" (core group with the prefix "eu−") and the "'''asterids'''" (core group with the prefix "eu−"). * '''eudicots''' : *: '''[[core eudicots]]''' : *:: '''[[rosids]]''' : *::: '''[[eurosids I]]''' *::: '''[[eurosids II]]''' *:: '''[[asterids]]''' : *::: '''[[euasterids I]]''' *::: '''[[euasterids II]]''' <hr> In more detail, within each clade some unplaced families and orders (unplaced genera are not mentioned): * clade '''eudicots''' *::: family [[Buxaceae]] [+ family [[Didymelaceae]]] *::: family [[Sabiaceae]] *::: family [[Trochodendraceae]] [+ family [[Tetracentraceae]]] *:: order [[Ranunculales]] *:: order [[Proteales]] *: clade '''[[core eudicots]]''' *:::: family [[Aextoxicaceae]] *:::: family [[Berberidopsidaceae]] *:::: family [[Dilleniaceae]] *::: order [[Gunnerales]] *::: order [[Caryophyllales]] *::: order [[Saxifragales]] *::: order [[Santalales]] *:: clade '''[[rosids]]''' *::::: family [[Aphloiaceae]] *::::: family [[Geissolomataceae]] *::::: family [[Ixerbaceae]] *::::: family [[Picramniaceae]] *::::: family [[Strassburgeriaceae]] *::::: family [[Vitaceae]] *:::: order [[Crossosomatales]] *:::: order [[Geraniales]] *:::: order [[Myrtales]] *::: clade '''[[eurosids I]]''' *:::::: family [[Zygophyllaceae]] [+ family [[Krameriaceae]]] *:::::: family [[Huaceae]] *::::: order [[Celastrales]] *::::: order [[Malpighiales]] *::::: order [[Oxalidales]] *::::: order [[Fabales]] *::::: order [[Rosales]] *::::: order [[Cucurbitales]] *::::: order [[Fagales]] *::: clade '''[[eurosids II]]''' *:::::: family [[Tapisciaceae]] *::::: order [[Brassicales]] *::::: order [[Malvales]] *::::: order [[Sapindales]] *:: clade '''[[asterids]]''' *:::: order [[Cornales]] *:::: order [[Ericales]] *::: clade '''[[euasterids I]]''' *:::::: family [[Boraginaceae]] *:::::: family [[Icacinaceae]] *:::::: family [[Oncothecaceae]] *:::::: family [[Vahliaceae]]'' *::::: order [[Garryales]] *::::: order [[Solanales]] *::::: order [[Gentianales]] *::::: order [[Lamiales]] *::: clade '''[[euasterids II]]''' *:::::: family [[Bruniaceae]] *:::::: family [[Columelliaceae]] [+ family [[Desfontainiaceae]]] *:::::: family [[Eremosynaceae]] *:::::: family [[Escalloniaceae]] *:::::: family [[Paracryphiaceae]] *:::::: family [[Polyosmaceae]] *:::::: family [[Sphenostemonacae]] *:::::: family [[Tribelaceae]] *::::: order [[Aquifoliales]] *::::: order [[Apiales]] *::::: order [[Dipsacales]] *::::: order [[Asterales]] '''Note :''' “ + ....” = optional, as a [[segregate (taxonomy)|segregate]] of the previous family. ==References and external links== *Doyle, J. A. & Hotton, C. L. Diversification of early angiosperm pollen in a cladistic context. Pp. 169-195 in Pollen and Spores. Patterns of Diversification (eds Blackmore, S. & Barnes, S. H.) (Clarendon, Oxford, 1991). *{{cite journal|author = Walter S. Judd and Richard G. Olmstead|year = 2004|title = A survey of tricolpate (eudicot) phylogenetic relationships|journal = American Journal of Botany| volume = 91|pages = 1627–1644|doi = 10.3732/ajb.91.10.1627}} ([http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/91/10/1627 full text] ) *[http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/ranunculalesweb.htm#Eudicots Eudicots] in Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb Angiosperm Phylogeny Website]. Version 7, May 2006. *''[http://www.tolweb.org/Core_Eudicots Core Eudicots]'', Tree of Life Web Project [[Category:Plant taxonomy]] [[Category:Eudicots]] [[ca:Eudicotiledònia]] [[cs:Vyšší dvouděložné]] [[de:Dreifurchenpollen-Zweikeimblättrige]] [[fr:Dicotylédones vraies]] [[it:Eudicotiledoni]] [[ja:真正双子葉類]] [[nl:'nieuwe' Tweezaadlobbigen]] [[no:Egentlige tofrøbladede planter]] [[pl:Rosopsida]] [[pt:Eudicotiledônea]] [[fi:Rosopsida]] [[sv:Trikolpater]] [[uk:Еудікоти]] [[es:Eudicotyledoneae]] [[vi:Thực vật hai lá mầm thật sự]] [[zh:真双子叶植物分支]]