Evaporated milk
644148
222675941
2008-06-30T15:44:45Z
LorenzoB
2054613
Extraneous material
{{globalize/US}}
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Evaporated milk.jpg|thumb|right|288px|A can of [[Nestle]] Carnation Evaporated Milk.{{deletable image-caption}}]] -->
'''Evaporated milk''' is a [[shelf-stable]] canned [[milk]] product with about 60% of the water removed from fresh [[milk]]. It differs from [[condensed milk]] which contains sugar. Condensed milk requires less processing because the added sugar inhibits bacterial growth.
Evaporated milk was popular before refrigeration as a substitute for perishable fresh milk, because it could be reconstituted by adding water. In present times, household use is most often for [[dessert]]s and baking. When mixed with an equal amount of water, it can be substituted for fresh milk in recipes.
Evaporated milk has a shelf life of months (and sometimes years), depending on the brand.
==Definition==
According to the U.S. Government (21CFR131.130):
"'''Evaporated milk''' is the liquid food obtained by partial removal of water only from milk. It contains not less than 6.5 percent by weight of milkfat, not less than 16.5 percent by weight of milk solids not fat, and not less than 23 percent by weight of total milk solids ... It is [[homogenized]]. It is sealed in a container ... processed by heat ... to prevent spoilage."
[[Vitamin D]]: Each fluid ounce of the food shall contain 25 International Units (IU)
[[Vitamin A]]: is optional, but if added, each fluid ounce of the food shall contain not less than 125 IU.
==History==
[[Condensed milk]] was introduced to the U.S. by [[Gail Borden]] which he made using a process under the [[patent]] issued on [[August 19]] [[1856]]. It became popular for those people who were remote from farm sources, since it was capable of long term storage. The [[invention]] of evaporated milk followed three decades later when [[John B. Meyenberg]] emigrated to the U.S. from [[Switzerland]] where he had devised the process, but had no support to begin production. He obtained two U.S. patents for his process and [[Sterilization (microbiology)|sterilizing]] apparatus, issued on [[November 25]] [[1884]]. He formed the [[Helvetia Milk Condensing Company]] on [[February 14]] [[1885]], with a number of farmers and businessmen of [[Highland, Illinois]], as [[stockholder]]s. By [[June 14]] [[1885]], the first canned "Highland Evaporated Cream" was ready to be marketed.
There were problems with the new product, with premature spoilage in early batches. Over the next few years, Louis Latzer and Dr. Werner Schmidt solved the problems due to [[bacteria]]. With the marketing efforts of [[John Wilde]], the company became successful as [[Pet, Inc.]], and is now part of [[General Mills]].
[[John P. Meyenberg]], son of John B. Meyenberg, was the first American to evaporate [[goat]]’s milk. He started the Meyenberg business in [[1934]], supplying goat milk products that are more digestible than [[cow]]'s milk, and an alternative for people (like himself) who were [[Milk allergy|allergic to cow’s milk]].
==Modern production process==
Evaporated milk is fresh, [[homogenized]] milk from which 60 percent of the water has been removed. It is then chilled, fortified with vitamins and stabilizers, packaged, and sterilized. A slightly caramelized flavor results from the high heat process, and it is slightly darker in color than fresh milk. The [[evaporation]] process also [[concentrate]]s the nutrients and the [[food energy]]. Thus, for the same weight, undiluted evaporated milk contains more food energy than fresh milk.
==International==
In Malaysia, evaporated milk contains [[palm oil]]. It is one of the ingredients to make ''[[Teh Tarik]]'' in [[cuisine of Malaysia|Malaysia]] and [[Cuisine of Singapore|Singapore]]. Also it is added in brewed tea and coffee to make ''[[Teh See]]'' and ''[[Cuisine of Singapore#Local names for coffee and tea|Kopi C]]'' respectively.
==Notable producers==
Evaporated milk is sold by several manufacturers:
* [[Carnation (trademark)|Carnation]] Evaporated Milk or [[Nestlé]] Evaporated Milk by [[Nestlé]]. During the 1950s, it sponsored such [[classic television shows]] as "[[Burns & Allen]]" and "[[The Jack Benny Show]]", among others, and commercials for the milk were often worked into the episodes (then a common practice). It was sold by Carnation under the slogan "the milk from Contented Cows."
==See also==
*[[Baked milk]]
*[[Condensed milk]]
*[[Powdered milk]]
*[[Scalded milk]]
== External links ==
* [http://homecooking.about.com/od/milkproducts/a/canmilkcooktips.htm Cooking with Canned Milk, including recipes and tips]
* [http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/10apr20061500/edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2006/aprqtr/21cfr131.130.htm 21CFR131.130] - a section of U.S. Government regulations on milk.
* [http://www.petevaporatedmilk.com/history/Default.htm PET History] - history of evaporated milk and the PET company.
* [http://todayinsci.com/Events/Patent/MilkEvaporated308422.htm Today in Science History] - Meyenberg's patent describing his evaporation process of preserving milk
[[Category:Dairy products]]
[[Category:Milk]]
[[de:Kondensmilch]]
[[es:Leche evaporada]]
[[fr:Lait concentré non sucré]]
[[ja:無糖練乳]]
[[zh:淡奶]]