Exanthem
2413137
218453909
2008-06-10T18:49:23Z
207.74.210.5
added scarlet fever
{{Infobox_Disease |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Image = |
Caption = |
DiseasesDB = 25831 |
ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|38||a|30}}, {{ICD10|B|05||b|00}}-{{ICD10|B|09||b|00}} |
ICD9 = {{ICD9|034}}, {{ICD9|055}}-{{ICD9|057}}, {{ICD9|782.1}} |
ICDO = |
OMIM = |
MedlinePlus = |
eMedicineSubj = |
eMedicineTopic = |
MeshID = D005076 |
}}
An '''exanthem''' is a widespread [[rash]] usually occuring in [[children]]. For example cholera outbreak can be an exanthem or origin. It represents either a reaction to a [[toxin]] produced by the organism, damage to the [[skin]] by the organism or an immune response. Exanthems may also be due to a drug, most commonly [[antibiotic]]s.
Historically, five "classical" childhood exanthems have been recognized: [[measles|rubeola]] (measles), [[chickenpox|varicella]] (chicken pox), [[rubella]], [[erythema infectiosum]] caused by [[fifth disease|Parvovirus B19]] (fifth disease) and [[Scarlet Fever]] - it should be noted that Scarlet Fever is bacterial in origin while the rest are virally induced. Other exanthems (e.g. [[Duke's disease]]) are not considered as part of the classic childhood exanthems by some textbooks, nor are other classic childhood diseases (e.g. [[mumps]]) considered to be classic childhood exanthems as they do not typically cause rash and, to be a classic exanthem, one must be a rash- or otherwise skin disease-causing illness).<ref name="isbn0-323-03303-2">{{cite book |author=Michael A. Pfaller; Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S. |title=Medical Microbiology (Medical Microbiology) |publisher=Mosby Elsevier |location= |year=2005 |pages=700 |isbn=0-323-03303-2 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>
The cause of more recent additions such as [[roseola]] (Sixth Disease) have been identified. Vaccinations now exist against measles, rubella and chickenpox.<ref name="isbn0-323-03303-2">{{cite book |author=Michael A. Pfaller; Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S. |title=Medical Microbiology (Medical Microbiology) |publisher=Mosby Elsevier |location= |year=2005 |pages=700 |isbn=0-323-03303-2 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>
A "new" exanthem was identified in 1992, [[unilateral laterothoracic exanthem]] (ULE), later also known as [[asymmetric periflexural exanthem of childhood]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Bodemer C, de Prost Y |title=Unilateral laterothoracic exanthem in children: a new disease? |journal=J Am Acad Dermatol |volume=27 |issue=5 Pt 1 |pages=693–6 |year=1992 |pmid=1430389}}</ref>
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
* [http://dermatology.about.com/library/bldefexanthem.htm Overview] at [[About.com]]
* [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6530 Definition at MedTerms]
* [http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3225/is_4_62/ai_65106197 Differential diagnosis]
* [http://www.childsdoc.org/spring97/quiz/derm.asp Dermatology Quiz] Includes photo, diagnosis, and treatment of unilateral laterothoracic exanthem (ULE).
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[[Category:Dermatology]]
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