Exanthem 2413137 218453909 2008-06-10T18:49:23Z 207.74.210.5 added scarlet fever {{Infobox_Disease | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | Image = | Caption = | DiseasesDB = 25831 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|38||a|30}}, {{ICD10|B|05||b|00}}-{{ICD10|B|09||b|00}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|034}}, {{ICD9|055}}-{{ICD9|057}}, {{ICD9|782.1}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = D005076 | }} An '''exanthem''' is a widespread [[rash]] usually occuring in [[children]]. For example cholera outbreak can be an exanthem or origin. It represents either a reaction to a [[toxin]] produced by the organism, damage to the [[skin]] by the organism or an immune response. Exanthems may also be due to a drug, most commonly [[antibiotic]]s. Historically, five "classical" childhood exanthems have been recognized: [[measles|rubeola]] (measles), [[chickenpox|varicella]] (chicken pox), [[rubella]], [[erythema infectiosum]] caused by [[fifth disease|Parvovirus B19]] (fifth disease) and [[Scarlet Fever]] - it should be noted that Scarlet Fever is bacterial in origin while the rest are virally induced. Other exanthems (e.g. [[Duke's disease]]) are not considered as part of the classic childhood exanthems by some textbooks, nor are other classic childhood diseases (e.g. [[mumps]]) considered to be classic childhood exanthems as they do not typically cause rash and, to be a classic exanthem, one must be a rash- or otherwise skin disease-causing illness).<ref name="isbn0-323-03303-2">{{cite book |author=Michael A. Pfaller; Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S. |title=Medical Microbiology (Medical Microbiology) |publisher=Mosby Elsevier |location= |year=2005 |pages=700 |isbn=0-323-03303-2 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> The cause of more recent additions such as [[roseola]] (Sixth Disease) have been identified. Vaccinations now exist against measles, rubella and chickenpox.<ref name="isbn0-323-03303-2">{{cite book |author=Michael A. Pfaller; Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S. |title=Medical Microbiology (Medical Microbiology) |publisher=Mosby Elsevier |location= |year=2005 |pages=700 |isbn=0-323-03303-2 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> A "new" exanthem was identified in 1992, [[unilateral laterothoracic exanthem]] (ULE), later also known as [[asymmetric periflexural exanthem of childhood]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Bodemer C, de Prost Y |title=Unilateral laterothoracic exanthem in children: a new disease? |journal=J Am Acad Dermatol |volume=27 |issue=5 Pt 1 |pages=693–6 |year=1992 |pmid=1430389}}</ref> ==References== <references/> ==External links== * [http://dermatology.about.com/library/bldefexanthem.htm Overview] at [[About.com]] * [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6530 Definition at MedTerms] * [http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3225/is_4_62/ai_65106197 Differential diagnosis] * [http://www.childsdoc.org/spring97/quiz/derm.asp Dermatology Quiz] Includes photo, diagnosis, and treatment of unilateral laterothoracic exanthem (ULE). {{dermatology-stub}} {{Exanthema}} [[Category:Dermatology]] [[de:Exanthem]] [[fr:Exanthème]] [[it:Esantema]] [[pt:Exantema]]