Extrajudicial prisoners of the United States
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{{NPOV|date=April 2008}}
{{Cleanup|date=July 2006}}
{{wikisource|Detention, Treatment, and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terrorism}}
In the context of the [[War on Terrorism]], the [[United States]] is known to be detaining foreign nationals outside of the [[legal process]] required within established United States legal [[jurisdiction]].
In this context, the U.S. government has been accused of maintaining covert interrogation centres, called [[black site]]s, operated by both known and secret [[intelligence agency|intelligence agencies]].
Several dozen captives suspected of being from the most senior ranks of [[al Qaeda]] — referred to in U.S. [[terminology|military terms]] as "'''high value detainees'''" — are reported to be held in such facilities. According to Swiss senator [[Dick Marty]]'s memorandum on "alleged detention in Council of Europe states", about a hundred persons had been kidnapped by the CIA on European territory and subsequently [[extraordinary rendition|rendered]] to countries where they may have been tortured. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/24_01_06_detention.pdf Information memorandum II on the alleged secret detentions in Council of Europe state, rapported by Dick Marty, [[January 22]] [[2006]]].
While [[Secretary of Defense]] [[Donald Rumsfeld]] has described those detained in [[Camp Delta]] at [[Guantánamo Bay]], [[Cuba]], as "the worst of the worst", it is now known those with the highest intelligence value are not detained or interrogated in Cuba, and are thought to be held at "[[black site]]" facilities in [[Eastern Europe]] constructed and used by the former [[Soviet Union]] to incarcerate [[political prisoner]]s.
== Ghost detainees ==
{{main|Ghost detainees}}
[[Ghost detainees]] are extrajudicial prisoners whose identity hasn't been revealed and whose families don't know their whereabouts. They are thus deprived of any [[Habeas Corpus]] rights. Ghost detainees' identities, or indeed capture, have been kept secret. As such they are a subset of extrajudicial prisoners, which also includes all the detainees who were held in Guantanamo, [[Maher Arar]], etc.
== Suspects held by US Civilian Intelligence agencies ==
{{wikisource|Summary of the High Value Terrorist Detainee Program}}
===The fourteen "high-value detainees" transferred on [[September 6]] [[2006]]===
On [[September 6]] [[2006]] [[United States President|American President]] [[George W. Bush]] confirmed, for the first time, that the [[CIA]] had held "high-value detainees" in secret interrogation centers.
*Bush announced that fourteen senior captives were being transferred from CIA custody, to military custody, at Guantanamo.
*Bush announced that these fourteen captives could now expect to face charges before Guantanamo military commissions. Critics, and elements of the FBI, had long speculated that the captives held in the secret interrogation centres had been subjected to abusive interrogation techniques, and thus any evidence derived from their interrogations could not be used to prosecute them.
*Bush announced that the transfer of these fourteen men had emptied the CIA's secret interrogation centers. Critics pointed out that Bush had not announced that the CIA's secret interrogation centers were being closed.
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" class="wikitable"
|+ '''The fourteen "high-value detainees" transferred on [[September 6]] [[2006]]'''
|-
| '''[[JTF-GTMO]] id''' || '''name''' || '''notes'''
|-
| '''10011''' || [[Mustafa al-Hawsawi]] ||
* believed to have arranged large wire transfers of funds to finance terrorist operations.<ref name=Dni14HiValBios>
{{cite web
| url=http://www.dni.gov/announcements/content/DetaineeBiographies.pdf
| title=Detainee Biographies
| publisher=[[Office of the Director of National Intelligence]]
| date=[[September 6]] [[2006]]
| accessdate=April 18
| accessyear=2007
}}</ref>
* captured in Pakistan in March 2003, current location unknown
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10012''' || [[Ahmed Khalfan Ghailani]] ||
* helped plan the 1998 embassy bombings.<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* captured [[July 25]] [[2004]]
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10013''' || [[Ramzi bin al-Shibh]] ||
* believed to be another planner of the 9-11 attacks.<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* shared a [[Hamburg]] apartment with [[Mohammed Atta]], the ringleader of the 9-11 hijackers.
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref><ref name=Voa060906> [http://voanews.com/english/2006-09-07-voa2.cfm Bush Acknowledges Existence of Secret CIA Prisons], ''[[Voice of America]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10014''' || [[Waleed Muhammad bin Attash]] ||
* said to be tied to both the Cole bombing and 9-11<ref name="HRW"/><ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* captured on [[April 29]], [[2003]]
* Human Rights Watch reports he is said to have described ties between [[Iran]] and al Qaeda during his interrogation
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10015''' || [[Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri]] ||
* believed to be the mastermind of the [[USS Cole bombing|USS ''Cole'' bombing]].<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* believed to have organized the [[Limburg tanker bombing]]
* captured in November 2002, current location unknown
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10016''' || [[Abu Zubayda]] ||
* believed to have run a military training camp associated with al Qaeda.<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* believed to have played a role in the [[2000 millennium attack plots]]
* believed to be one of the architects of 9-11.
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10017''' || [[Abu Faraj al-Libi]] ||
* described as the new number three in al Qaeda, succeeding his mentor [[Khalid Sheikh Mohammed]].<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* captured in Pakistan on [[May 2]] [[2005]]
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10018''' || [[Ali Abdul Aziz Ali]] ||
* helped transfer funds to the 9-11 hijackers.<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* arrested on [[April 29]] [[2003]]
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10019''' || [[Hambali]] ||
* captured on [[August 11]], [[2003]].<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* a planner of the [[Bali nightclub bombings]]
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''10021''' || [[Mohamad Farik Amin]] ||
* reported arrested in June 2003.<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* helped scout the sites of terror bombings in Thailand
|-
| '''10022''' || [[Mohammed Nazir Bin Lep]] ||
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref><ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
|-
| '''10024''' || [[Khalid Sheikh Mohammed]] ||
* 1993 played a role in the WTC bombing.<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* 1994 believed to have worked on [[Operation Bojinka]]
* believed to be one of the architects of 9-11.
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref>
|-
| '''unknown''' || [[Majid Khan (terror suspect)|Majid Khan]] ||
* President Bush announced his transfer to the [[Guantanamo Bay detainment camp]]s, in Cuba, on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=TheJurist060906> [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/bush-confirms-existence-of-secret-cia.php Bush confirms existence of secret CIA prisons for high-value terror detainees], ''[[The Jurist]]'', [[September 6]] [[2006]]</ref><ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
* An accomplice of [[Uzair Paracha]]<ref name=NYconv>[http://newyork.fbi.gov/dojpressrel/pressrel05/parachaconvic.htm FBI NY announces conviction of Uzair Paracha], [[November 25]] [[2005]]</ref>
|-
| '''unknown''' || [[Gouled Hassan Dourad]] ||
* Transferred to Guantanamo on [[September 6]] [[2006]].<ref name=Dni14HiValBios/>
|}
===Other captives reported to have been held in CIA custody===
American intelligence officials have made public the names of some of the suspects they hold. The capture of other detainees is not acknowledged. According to the US military this is in order to spread disorder among their opponents. It also has the effect of keeping critics of the extrajudicial detention in the dark as to the circumstances of detention and conditions in the prisons.
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" class="wikitable"
|+ '''Other captives reported to have been held in CIA custody'''
|-
| '''name''' || '''notes'''
|-
| [[Jamil al-Banna]] ||
* currently detained in [[Camp Delta]]
* told his lawyers he was detained in "[[the dark prison]]" in [[Kabul]]
* arrested in [[Gambia]] with [[Bisher al-Rawi]]
* claims the CIA offered him $10 million to serve as a mole against [[Abu Qatada]]
|-
| [[Muhammed al-Darbi]] ||
* Captured as a result of extended interrogation techniques used in secret interrogation centres.<ref name=WaPo021226> [http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A37943-2002Dec25?language=printer U.S. Decries Abuse but Defends Interrogations: 'Stress and Duress' Tactics Used on Terrorism Suspects Held in Secret Overseas Facilities], ''[[Washington Post]]'', [[December 26]] [[2002]]</ref>
* A [[Yemen]]i, captured in August 2002.<ref name=Mwc050530> [http://mwcnews.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2592 List of 'Ghost Prisoners' Possibly in CIA Custody], ''[[Media with Conscience]]'', [[May 30]] [[2005]]</ref>
|-
| [[Omar al-Faruq]] ||
* alleged to have been a liaison with Southeast Asian Islamic militants<ref name="HRW">[[Human Rights Watch]] published a long, detailed [http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/usa/us1004/1.htm document], heavily sourced, that summarizes what they were able to learn about the suspected terrorists in CIA custody. One of the pages — [http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/usa/us1004/7.htm Eleven Detainees in Undisclosed Locations] — specifically lists names.</ref>
* arrested [[June 5]], [[2002]]
|-
| [[Abu Zubair al-Haili]] ||
* said to have been a former member of Iraq's secret police, the [[Mukhabarat]]
* said to have been a liaison between Iraq and al Qaeda
* said to have run terrorist training camps
* said to have plotted to destroy [[NATO]] vessels in March 2001.
|-
| [[Abd al-Salam Ali al-Hila]] ||
* currently detained in [[Camp Delta]]
* told his lawyers he was detained in "[[the dark prison]]" in [[Kabul]]
|-
| [[Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi]]
|-
| [[Adil al-Jazeeri]] ||
* said to have been a liaison between al Qaeda and the [[Taliban]]<ref name="HRW"/>
* believed to have been involved in transferring funds for terrorist activities.
* captured on [[June 17]], [[2003]]<------captured on the 17th, but the below says transferred on the 13th...fix please.
* transferred to US custody on [[July 13]], [[2003]]
* US State department confirmed custody in December 2003, location unknown
|-
| [[Yassir al-Jazeeri]]
|-
| [[Ibn al-Shaykh al-Libi]] ||
* may have been the first detainee to have been subjected to coercive interrogation techniques.<ref name=WaPo040801> [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A30909-2004Jul31.html Al Qaeda-Iraq Link Recanted: Captured Libyan Reverses Previous Statement to CIA, Officials Say], ''[[WashingtonPost]]'', [[August 1]] [[2004]]</ref>
* reported Iraq had an arsenal of WMD, and provided al Qaeda with WMD training, cited in Powell's UN speech
* then recanted the WMD claim, after the invasion, and after the USA failed to find any WMD
|-
| [[Bisher al-Rawi]] ||
* currently detained in [[Camp Delta]]
* told his lawyers he was detained in "[[the dark prison]]" in [[Kabul]]
* arrested in [[Gambia]] with [[Jamil al-Banna]]
* now claims he was '''already''' co-operating with [[MI5]] in their surveillance of [[Abu Qatada]]
|-
| [[Abdul Rahim al-Sharqawi]] ||
* al-Sharqawi.is one of the 25 top al Qaeda leadership members.<ref name=Msnbc> [http://www.msnbc.com/modules/wtc/wtc_globaldragnet/custody_alqaida.htm Al-Qaida killed/captured ], ''[[MSNBC]]''</ref>
* al-Sharqawi.is called "Riyadh the Facilitator,"
* al-Sharqawi.is said to have been captured before April 2002.
|-
| [[Mohammed Omar Abdel-Rahman]] ||
* al Qaeda trainer
* operational planner for 9-11
|-
| [[Musaad Aruchi]]
|-
| [[Hassin Bin Attash]] ||
* currently detained in [[Camp Delta]]
* told his lawyers he was detained in "[[the dark prison]]" in [[Kabul]]
* claims he was tortured in the [[black site]]s
* only 17 when captured
* brother of [[Waleed Muhammad bin Attash]]
|-
| [[Abdul Aziz (CIA detainee)|Abdul Aziz]] ||
|-
| [[Abu Faisal]] ||
|-
| [[Hassan Ghul]] ||
* accomplice of [[Abu Musab al-Zarqawi]]
* captured in Iraq by Iraqi Kurds in 2004<ref name=WHGhul>[http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2004/01/20040126-3.html White House announces capture of Hassan Ghul]</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Mohammed Naeem Noor Khan]] ||
* al Qaeda's computer expert
* agreed to be a [[mole (espionage)|mole]] after his capture on [[July 13]] [[2004]]
* mole status outed by [[Condoleezza Rice]] on [[August 2]] [[2004]]
|-
| [[Tariq Mahmood]]
|-
| [[Binyam Mohammed]] ||
* currently detained in [[Camp Delta]]
* told his lawyers he was detained in "[[the dark prison]]" in [[Kabul]]
* claims he was tortured in the [[black site]]s
|-
| [[Abd Al-Hamid Al-Suri]] aka<br>'''Baha’Bin Mustafa Muhammad Jaghal''' aka<br>'''Musa Muhamat Julaq Augol''' aka<br>'''Abd Al-Hamid Al-Sharif''' aka<br>'''Musa Uglo''' ||
* Identified as a suspected [[al Qaida]] member during [[Abdullah Khan]]'s [[Administrative Review Board]] hearing.<ref name=ArbKhan>[http://www.defenselink.mil/pubs/foi/detainees/csrt/ARB_Transcript_Set_7_20497-20750.pdf Summarized transcript (.pdf)], from <!-- Please don't unlink the wikilinks you find in the middle of a reference. -->[[Abdullah Khan]]'s ''<!-- Please don't unlink the wikilinks you find in the middle of a reference. -->[[Administrative Review Board]] hearing'' - page 98</ref>
* Captured in [[Peshawar]], Pakistan, in January 2002.
* Captured with a computer alleged to have 19 English-language manuals on bomb making on it.
* Wounded feet limit his mobility, was in Peshawar for medical treatment
* Said to be in his mid twenties.
|}
== Legal status of detainees in the global war on terror ==
{{main|illegal combatant}}
Shortly after the [[Invasion of Afghanistan]] the Bush administration announced a policy that combatants captured "on the battlefield" in Afghanistan would not be afforded the protections of POW status as described in the [[Geneva Conventions]]. This policy triggered debate both within and outside of the US government.
The Bush administration argument in favor of this policy was that the Geneva Conventions the USA signed protected the fighters of only recognized states, and al Qaeda fighters didn't qualify. Further, they argued, the Taliban wasn't a real government either. They characterized Afghanistan as a "failed state" — one without a legitimate government.
=== Legal issues of classifying captives as "illegal combatants" ===
The Bush administration calls these captives "[[illegal combatants]]" or "unlawful combatants." These terms are not explicitly used in the Geneva Conventions. The [[third Geneva Convention]], however, signed prior to [[World War II]], does define "[[lawful combatant]]." The Convention obliges signatories to afford captured lawful combatants significant rights and protections. Such captives are entitled to be classified as [[Prisoners of War]].
Internal critics within the US military and US government argue that failing to afford POW protections to combatants captured in the global war on terror would endanger American soldiers, when they were captured, in current and future conflicts.
Other critics argue that classifying all combatants as illegal combatants is in violation of article 5 of the third Geneva Convention, which describes how a captor should treat combatants who are suspected of violating the Geneva Conventions such that they strip themselves of its protections. Article 5 says that combatants suspected of violations of the Conventions are to be afforded POW protection until the captors have convened a "competent tribunal."
The Bush administration has expanded the criteria for classifying captives as illegal combatants. Individuals captured around the world are now classified as such if US intelligence officials believe they have sufficient evidence to tie the individual to terrorism.
=== Judicial branch challenges to the policy classifying detainees as "illegal combatants" ===
There are circumstances when the legislative and judicial branches can overrule the executive branch. In [[Rasul v. Bush]], the [[US Supreme Court]] ruled that detainees in the global war on terror did have the right to mount legal challenges within the US judicial system.
=== Debate over interrogation techniques ===
The ''[[Washington Post]]'' reported on [[August 1]], [[2004]], that there was a vigorous debate within the US intelligence community over what techniques should be used on the detainees.<ref name=WaPo040801> [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A30909-2004Jul31.html Al Qaeda-Iraq Link Recanted: Captured Libyan Reverses Previous Statement to CIA, Officials Say], ''[[WashingtonPost]]'', [[August 1]] [[2004]]</ref>
According to the Washington Post, the debate was triggered over the interrogation of [[Ibn al-Shaykh al-Libi]], described as the first senior al Qaeda captive. It reported that initially his interrogation was being conducted by the [[FBI]] because they had the most experience interrogating criminal suspects. Their interrogation approach was based on building rapport with suspects. They did not use coercive techniques. They argued that coercive techniques produced unreliable false confessions and that using coercive techniques would mean that the evidence they gathered could not be used by the prosecution in a trial in the US judicial system.
However, the ''Washington Post'' reported that impatience for actionable intelligence led to the handover of responsibility for interrogation to the [[CIA]], who were authorized to use "enhanced interrogation techniques."
The Washington Post reported in a [[July 27]], [[2004]], article that as part of the reaction to the release of the abuse pictures from [[Abu Ghraib]], the CIA suspended the use of "enhanced interrogation techniques."<ref name=WaPo040627> [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A8534-2004Jun26.html CIA Puts Harsh Tactics On Hold: Memo on Methods Of Interrogation Had Wide Review], ''[[Washington Post]]'', [[June 27]] [[2004]]</ref>
=== Legal justification for the use of "enhanced interrogation techniques" ===
Secretary Rumsfeld assured the world that the detainees held in Guantánamo Bay were going to be treated in a manner consistent with the treatment of Geneva Convention POWs.
In 2004, confidential memos surfaced that discussed the limits to how much pain, discomfort and fear could be used in the interrogation of detainees in the global war on terror. The memos showed that there was active debate within the Bush administration.
Some human rights critics believe that the existence of those memos is tacit acknowledgment that American intelligence officials had already been engaging in coercive interrogation techniques.
=== Legislative challenges to the Bush administration interrogation policy ===
[[US Senator]] [[John McCain]], a former POW from the [[War in Vietnam]], attached a passage to a military spending bill that would proscribe inhumane treatment of detainees and restrict US officials to only use the interrogation techniques in the [[US Army]]'s [[FM 34-52 Intelligence Interrogation|field manual on interrogation]]. Ninety of the one hundred Senators supported this amendment.
On Thursday, [[October 20]], [[2005]], [[Vice President]] [[Dick Cheney]] proposed a change to McCain. Cheney tried to get McCain to limit the proscription to just military personnel, thus allowing CIA personnel the freedom to use more brutal techniques. McCain declined to accept Cheney's suggestion.<ref name=WaPo051025> [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/24/AR2005102402051.html Cheney Plan Exempts CIA From Bill Barring Abuse of Detainees], ''[[Washington Post]]'', [[October 25]] [[2005]]</ref>
===U.S. Government Denial of Allegations of Mistreatment===
{{main|Periodic Report of the United States of America to the United Nations Committee Against Torture}}
The [[United States]] government, through the [[State Department]], makes periodic reports to the [[United Nations]] [[Committee Against Torture]]. In October [[2005]], the report focused on pretrial detention of suspects in the [[War on Terrorism]], including those held in [[Guantánamo Bay]] and [[Afghanistan]]. This particular Periodic Report is significant as the first official response of the U.S. government to allegations that prisoners are mistreated in [[Guantánamo Bay]]. The report denies the allegations. However, the report does not address detainees held elsewhere by the [[CIA]]. Recently, the Director of the CIA, Michael Hayden has acknowledged that some detainees have been subject to waterboarding as per several OLC (Office of Legal Council) memos. General Hayden states that currently (as of 2/7/08) waterboarding is not part of the authorized interrogation techniques for U.S. agents.
===The CIA's Inspector General said to be investigating "erroneous renditions"===
An article published in the [[December 5]], [[2005]], ''[[Washington Post]]'' reported that the [[CIA]]'s [[Inspector General]] was looking into '''erroneous renditions'''.<ref name=WaPo051204>[[Dana Priest]], [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/12/03/AR2005120301476_pf.html Wrongful Imprisonment: Anatomy of a CIA Mistake: German Citizen Released After Months in 'Rendition'], ''[[Washington Post]]'', [[December 4]], [[2005]]</ref> The Post's anonymous sources say that the Inspector General was looking into a number of cases where innocent men were captured and transported through "[[erroneous renditions]]" -- extraordinary renditions based on mistaken identity or bad intelligence.
The story said that 3,000 individuals had found themselves in CIA custody.
===President Bush orders CIA to comply with the Geneva Conventions===
On [[July 20]] [[2007]] President [[George W. Bush|Bush]] issued an executive order banning torture of POW's by intelligence officials. <ref name=Reuters20070720>
[[Amnesty International]] in the same article points the Bush administration has a very limited definition of torture.
Relevant to understanding this order, note that whilst the US is a signatory, it has failed to ratified that portion of the Geneva Convention [[Protocol I]] which would grant these persons POW status. The US is one of only 6 countries that haven't.
{{cite news
| url=http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSN2029519720070720
| publisher=[[Reuters]]
| title=Bush orders CIA to comply with Geneva Conventions
| author=[[David Morgan]]
| date=Friday, [[July 20]], [[2007]]
| accessdate=2007-07-20
}}</ref>
== Location of the suspects held by US Civilian Intelligence agencies ==
[[Image:Orthographic projection over Diego Garcia.png|thumb|150px|Orthographic projection centred over Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean.]]
{| border="1"
|-
| [[USS Bataan (LHD-5)|USS ''Bataan'']] || [[John Walker Lindh]] was held, for two months, in a secure facility aboard the USS ''Bataan''. Human rights critics believe he was merely one of half a dozen high value detainees held there.
|-
| [[Diego Garcia]] || The remote islands of Diego Garcia were cleared of civilians decades ago, to become a [[United Kingdom|UK]] military base. Some human rights critics have speculated that Diego Garcia was one of the venues where "high value detainees" have been interrogated. The UK government has denied that Diego Garcia is being used as a detention facility.
|-
| [[The salt pit|The Salt Pit]] ||
* a clandestine, remote, CIA detention facility, in Afghanistan
* German national [[Khalid El-Masri]], a victim of mistaken identity, who shared the same name as one of a senior al Qaeda cadre who was still at large, was held there for five months, in the winter of 2004.<ref name=Msnbc050421> [http://msnbc.msn.com/id/7591918/ CIA accused of detaining innocent man: If the agency knew he was the wrong man, why was he held?], ''[[MSNBC]]'', [[April 21]] [[2005]]</ref>
|}
== See also ==
*[[Detainees in Iraq]]
*[[Command responsibility]]
*[[List of alleged al-Qaeda members]]
*[[Arbitrary arrest and detention]]
*[[ghost prisoner]]
*[[Khalid El-Masri]], a German citizen erroneously detained by the CIA
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
*[http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/?050214fa_fact6 Outsourcing torture: The secret history of America’s “extraordinary rendition” program], ''[[The New Yorker]]'', [[February 14]], [[2005]]
*[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5197853/site/newsweek/ A Tortured Debate: Amid feuding and turf battles, lawyers in the White House discussed specific terror-interrogation techniques like 'water-boarding' and 'mock burials'], ''[[Newsweek]]'', [[June 21]], [[2005]]
*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/26/AR2005102601909.html We Don't Want a Hanoi Hilton], ''[[Washington Post]]'', [[October 27]], [[2005]]
*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/01/AR2005110101644.html CIA Holds Terror Suspects in Secret Prisons: Debate Is Growing Within Agency About Legality and Morality of Overseas System Set Up After 9/11], ''[[Washington Post]]'', [[November 2]], [[2005]]
*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/03/AR2005110300422.html?nav=hcmodule European Commission to Investigate Reports of Secret CIA Jails], ''[[Washington Post]]'', [[November 3]], [[2005]]
* [http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/Investigation/story?id=1375123 Sources Tell ABC News Top Al Qaeda Figures Held in Secret CIA Prisons: 10 Out of 11 High-Value Terror Leaders Subjected to 'Enhanced Interrogation Techniques], ''[[ABC News]]'' [[December 5]] [[2005]]
* [http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/Business/popup?id=1375287 a list of 12 high-value targets housed by the CIA], ''[[ABC News]]'', [[December 5]] [[2005]]
* [http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,17478342-38200,00.html CIA 'closes terror prisons'], ''[[news.com.au]]'', [[December 6]] [[2005]]
* [http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/0,1518,388901,00.html Victims Could Sue for Human Rights in European Court of Justice], ''[[Der Spiegel]]'' [[December 6]] [[2005]] -- [http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article11232.htm in English]
*[http://ccrjustice.org/ The ''Center for Constitutional Rights'' acts against use of evidence obtained by torture and other injustices]
{{War on Terrorism}}
[[Category:Extrajudicial prisoners of the United States| Extrajudicial prisoners of the United States]]
[[Category:Anti-terrorism policy of the United States]]
[[Category:Civil rights abuses]]