Final Fantasy 10974 226034614 2008-07-16T15:14:18Z Weirdo with a Beardo 7479861 /* Battle system */ <!--NOTICE: This article is already very large. If you wish to add a large amount of information please consider adding it to one of the many Final Fantasy sub-articles instead, or relegating excessive fictional or gameplay details to the appropriate wiki. Thanks. DO NOT remove this template unless you have reviewed the talk page comments (which may have been archived) and can justify that it should be removed. --> {{about|the Final Fantasy franchise|the video game|Final Fantasy (video game)}} {{otheruses}} [[Image:Final Fantasy wordmark.svg|thumb|A generic ''Final Fantasy'' [[logo]]. This typeface was first used in [[Japan]] with ''[[Final Fantasy IV]]'', and in [[North America]] and [[Europe]] with ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''.]] {{nihongo|'''''Final Fantasy'''''|ファイナルファンタジー|Fainaru Fantajī}} is a [[media franchise]] created by [[Hironobu Sakaguchi]] and owned by [[Square Enix]] that includes [[video game]]s, [[motion picture]]s, and other merchandise. The series began in 1987 as an [[Final Fantasy (video game)|eponymous]] [[console role-playing game]] (RPG) [[video game developer|developed]] by [[Square Co.|Square]], spawning a video game series that became the central focus of the franchise.<ref name="Edge177">{{Citation |date= July 2007|title= Final Frontiers|periodical= [[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]|publisher= [[Future Publishing]]|issue= 177|pages= 72&ndash;79|accessdate= 2007-10-07}}</ref><ref name="IntroSE">{{cite web| title = An Introduction to Square-Enix| url = http://features.teamxbox.com/xbox/1554/An-Introduction-to-SquareEnix/p2/| publisher = [[IGN]]| work = TeamXbox| author = Berardini, César A.| date = 2006-04-26| accessdate = 2007-09-29}}</ref> The franchise has since branched out into other genres and platforms, such as [[tactical role-playing game|tactical RPG]]s,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.rpgamer.com/games/ff/fft/reviews/fftstrev3.html| title = How To Speak Daravonese| author = Koehler, Paul| publisher = RPGamer.com| accessdate = 2007-10-14}}</ref> [[handheld game console|portable game]]s, a [[massively multiplayer online role-playing game]], and games for mobile phones. As of March 2007, there are twenty-eight games in the franchise—including twelve numbered games and numerous spin-off titles.<ref name="FFXII-Long">{{cite web| url = http://www.1up.com/do/newsStory?cId=3157884| title = GDC 2007: The Long Development of Final Fantasy XII| publisher = [[1UP.com]]| author = Lee, Garnett| date = 2007-03-08| accessdate = 2007-09-28}}</ref> The series has spurred the release of three [[anime|animated]] productions, two full-length [[computer-generated imagery|CGI]] films, and several printed adaptations. Most ''Final Fantasy'' installments are independent stories (the numbers after the title refers more to volumes than sequels); however, they feature common elements that define the franchise. Such elements include recurring creatures, character names, airships and character classes. The series has popularized many features that are now widely used in console RPGs, and it is well known for its visuals, music, and innovation,<ref name="GS-FFHistory">{{cite web| url = http://www.gamespot.com/features/vgs/universal/finalfantasy_hs/| title = The History of Final Fantasy| author = Vestal, Andrew| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-09-28}}</ref><ref name="IGN-GC-RPG">{{cite web| title = State of the RPG: GameCube| url = http://cube.ign.com/articles/634/634965p1.html| publisher = [[IGN]]| author = Casamassina, Matt| date = [[2005-07-19]]| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> such as the inclusion of [[full motion video]]s, [[Photorealism|photo-realistic]] character models, and orchestrated music by [[Nobuo Uematsu]]. The series have been commercially and critically successful; it is the fourth-[[List of best-selling video games#Franchises|best-selling video game franchise]],<ref name="Edge177"/> with more than 80 million units sold as of December 2007.<ref name="80mil">{{cite press release | url=http://www.gamesindustry.biz/content_page.php?aid=31672 | title=Press release: Relive the birth of a phenomenon with Final Fantasy & Final Fantasy II | publisher=[[Square Enix]] | accessdate=2008-01-01 | date=2007-12-19}}</ref> Many individual titles in series have garnered extra attention and their own positive reception. In addition, the series was awarded a star on the [[Walk of Game]] in 2006.<ref name="Walk">{{Cite web| url = http://www.walkofgame.com/inductees/inductees.html| title = 2006 Walk of Game Inductees| work= WalkOfGame.com| publisher = Metreon| accessdate = 2007-12-20}}</ref><!--<ref name="BerlinCon">{{cite web| url = http://www.square-enix.com/eu/en/whatsnew/ffxi_berlin_convention_uk.pdf| title = Experience Final Fantasy XI 2007 at the Berlin eSports Convention| publisher = [[Square Enix]]| accessdate = 2007-09-28}}</ref> It's a shame to lose such a good ref, commented in case it might be used later--> == Games == {{see|List of Final Fantasy media}} The [[Final Fantasy (video game)|first installment]] of the series premiered in [[Japan]] on [[December 18]], [[1987]]. Each subsequent title was numbered and given a unique story. Since the original release, many ''Final Fantasy'' games have been [[Software localization|localized]] for markets in [[North America]], [[Europe]], and [[Australia]], on numerous [[video game console]]s, [[IBM PC compatible]] computers, and [[mobile phone]]s. Future installments will appear on [[History of video game consoles (seventh generation)|seventh generation video game consoles]]; two upcoming titles include ''[[Final Fantasy XIII]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy Versus XIII]]''. As of March 2007, there are 28 games in the franchise.<ref name="FFXII-Long"/> This number includes the main installments from ''[[Final Fantasy (video game)|Final Fantasy]]'' to ''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'', as well as direct sequels and [[spin-off]]s. Many of the older titles have been re-released on multiple platforms. === Main series === [[Image:FF1 USA boxart.jpg|thumb|Cover of the North America release of ''[[Final Fantasy (video game)|Final Fantasy]]'' for the [[Nintendo Entertainment System]]]] *''[[Final Fantasy (video game)|Final Fantasy]]'' was released for the [[Nintendo Entertainment System]] in [[Japan]] in 1987 and in [[North America]] in 1990.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/nes/rpg/finalfantasy/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The story focuses on the four "Light Warriors" and their elemental orbs, which have been darkened by four Elemental Fiends. ''Final Fantasy'' introduced many concepts to the [[console role-playing game|console RPG]] genre.<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/> *''[[Final Fantasy II]]'' was originally released on the [[Nintendo Entertainment System|Famicom]] in Japan in 1988.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy II - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/nes/rpg/finalfantasy2/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The story centers on four youths who join a resistance to end the Emperor's military campaign against the world. ''Final Fantasy II'' was the first game to introduce [[Chocobo]]s and Cid.<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/> *''[[Final Fantasy III]]'' was released on the Famicom in Japan in 1990.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy III - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/nes/rpg/finalfantasy3/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The plot focuses on four orphaned youths who come across a crystal, which grants them power and instructs them to restore balance to the world. It was the first game to implement a Job System, summoning and introduce [[Common elements of Final Fantasy#Moogle|Moogle]]s.<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/> *''[[Final Fantasy IV]]'' was released on the [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System]] in 1991; in North America, it was released as ''Final Fantasy II''.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy II (SNES) - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/snes/rpg/finalfantasy2/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The story centers on a Dark Knight and his journey to save the world from the evil Golbez.<ref>{{cite book| year=1991| editor=Square Co.| title=Final Fantasy II instruction manual| pages=74 | publisher=Square Co.| language=English| id=SFS-F4-USA-1}}</ref> It was the first game to introduce the "[[Final Fantasy battle systems#Active Time Battle|Active Time Battle]]" system.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://psx.ign.com/articles/166/166322p1.html| title = Final Fantasy Chronicles| publisher = [[IGN]]| author = IGN Staff| date = [[2001-06-18]]| accessdate = 2007-11-16}}</ref> *''[[Final Fantasy V]]'' was released on the Super Famicom in Japan in 1992.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy V - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/snes/rpg/finalfantasy5/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The story focuses on a wanderer and his allies as they prevent the resurgence of Exdeath. It features an expanded version of the Job System from ''Final Fantasy III''. *''[[Final Fantasy VI]]'' was released on the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1994,<ref name="FFVI-Release">{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy III (SNES) - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/snes/rpg/finalfantasy3/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> but it was released in North America under the title ''Final Fantasy III''.<ref name="FFVI-Release"/> The plot centers on a group of rebels as they attempt to overthrow an imperial dictatorship. It has more battle customization options than its predecessors, as well as the largest playable cast in the series. *''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' was released on the [[PlayStation]] in 1997 and was the first title to be officially released in Europe.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy VII - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps/rpg/finalfantasy7/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The story centers on a group of adventurers as they battle a powerful corporation. ''Final Fantasy VII'' was the first game in the series to use [[3D computer graphics]], which feature fully [[polygon (computer graphics)|polygonal]] characters on pre-rendered backgrounds. This is the first ''Final Fantasy'' to have the same number designation in America and Japan since the original game was released. *''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'' was released on the PlayStation in 1999.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy VIII - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps/rpg/finalfantasy8/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The plot focuses on a group of young mercenaries who seek to prevent a sorceress from manipulating an international war. It was the first game in the series to consistently use realistically proportioned characters, and feature a vocal piece as its theme music. *''[[Final Fantasy IX]]'' was released on the PlayStation in 2000.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy IX - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps/rpg/finalfantasy9/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The story begins with the protagonists attempting to stop a war sparked by an ambitious queen. It returned to the series' roots by revisiting a more traditional ''Final Fantasy'' setting. *''[[Final Fantasy X]]'' was released on the [[PlayStation 2]] in 2001.<ref name="FFX-Releases">{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy X - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps2/rpg/finalfantasy10/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The story focuses on the protagonists trying to defeat a rampaging force known as Sin. ''Final Fantasy X'' introduced fully three-dimensional areas and [[voice acting]] to the series, and it was the first to spawn a direct sequel (''[[Final Fantasy X-2]]''). *''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'' was released on the PlayStation 2 and [[Personal computer|PC]] in 2002<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy XI - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps2/rpg/finalfantasy11/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref>, and later on the [[Xbox 360]]. The first [[MMORPG]] in the series, ''Final Fantasy XI'' is set in Vana'diel, where players can experience hundreds of quests and stories. It is also the first game in the series to feature real-time battles instead of [[random encounter]]s. *''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'' was released for the PlayStation 2 in 2006.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy XII - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps2/rpg/finalfantasy12/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> The game takes place in [[Ivalice]], where the empires of Archadia and Rozarria are waging an endless war. It features a real-time battle system similar to ''Final Fantasy XI'', a "gambit" system that automatically controls the actions of characters, and a "license board" that determines which abilities and equipment the character can use. *''[[Final Fantasy XIII]]'' is in development for the [[PlayStation 3]] and [[Xbox 360]].<ref name="xbox360">{{cite web |url=http://xbox360.ign.com/articles/888/888967p1.html |title=E3 2008: Final Fantasy XIII Coming to Xbox 360 |accessdate=2008-07-14 |last=Thang |first=Jimmy |date=2008-07-14 |work= |publisher=[[IGN]]}}</ref> It will be the flagship installment of the ''[[Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy XIII]]'' compilation. === Direct sequels and spin-offs === {{see also|Category: Final Fantasy spin-offs}} ''Final Fantasy'' has spawned numerous spin-offs and compilations. Three Square games were released in North America with their titles changed to include "''Final Fantasy''": ''[[The Final Fantasy Legend]]'' and its two sequels. ''[[Final Fantasy Adventure]]'' is a spin-off to the ''Final Fantasy'' series and spawned the [[Mana (series)|''Mana'' series]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lostlevels.org/200311/200311-square.shtml | title=Elusions: Final Fantasy IV / Seiken Densetsu | accessdaymonth=9 June | accessyear=2007 | author=Chris Collette | date=[[2003-11-15]] | work=[http://www.lostlevels.org/ Lost Levels]}}</ref> ''[[Final Fantasy Mystic Quest]]'' was developed for a United States audience, and ''[[Final Fantasy Tactics]]'' featured many references and themes found in previous ''Final Fantasy'' games. In 2003, the video game series' first direct sequel, ''Final Fantasy X-2'', was released.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy X-2 - Release Summary| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps2/rpg/finalfantasyx2/similar.html?mode=versions| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> Square Enix has released numerous games featuring [[Chocobo]]s, and the ''[[Kingdom Hearts (series)|Kingdom Hearts]]'' series includes characters and themes from ''Final Fantasy''.<ref>{{Citation |date= July 2007|title= Tetsuya Nomura Interview|periodical= [[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]|publisher= [[Future Publishing]]|volume= |issue= 177|pages= 80&ndash;81|id= |url= |accessdate= 2007-09-28 |quote= }}</ref> ''[[Vagrant Story]]'', another Square game, is set in [[Ivalice]], the same world featured in ''Final Fantasy Tactics'' and ''Final Fantasy XII''.<ref>{{cite web| author = Joypad magazine| year = 2004| title = Interview| url = http://www.ffworld.com/?rub=ff12&page=interview_jp-mai04| work = FFWorld.com| accessdate = 2007-05-25| language = French}}</ref> Three ''Final Fantasy'' compilations&mdash;''[[Compilation of Final Fantasy VII]]'', ''[[Ivalice#Ivalice Alliance|Ivalice Alliance]]'', and ''[[Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy XIII]]''&mdash;share many themes. == Overview == === Common elements === {{main|Common elements of Final Fantasy}} Although most ''Final Fantasy'' installments are independent, many themes and elements of [[gameplay]] recur throughout the series. The concept of summoning legendary creatures to aid in battle has persisted since ''[[Final Fantasy III]]''; common summons include Shiva, Ifrit, and Bahamut.<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/> Recurring creatures include [[Chocobo]]s, [[Common elements of Final Fantasy#Moogle|Moogles]], [[Monsters of Final Fantasy|Tonberries, Behemoth, Cactuars and Malboros]].<ref name="IGN-Evo">{{cite web| url = http://au.ps2.ign.com/articles/756/756635p1.html| title = The Evolution of Final Fantasy| author = Kolan, Patrick| publisher = [[IGN]]| date = [[2007-01-18]]| accessdate = 2007-11-03}}</ref> Some spin-off titles have cameo appearances of characters from other games, and most titles feature recycled character names. For example, there has been a character named [[Cid (Final Fantasy)|Cid]] in each game since ''Final Fantasy II'';<ref>{{cite web| author = Coik, Kevin| url = http://www.gamingworldx.com/features/thoff-past.shtml| title = The History of Final Fantasy : The Past| publisher = Gaming World X| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> however, each appearance and personality is different. Airships and character classes&mdash;specific jobs that enable unique abilities for characters&mdash;are other recurring themes.<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/><ref name="IGN-Evo"/> === Gameplay === ==== Game screens ==== ''Final Fantasy'' games typically have several types of screens, or modes of interaction, that are broadly categorized by function. Screens are accessed either by the player's actions or by automatic events. Such screens include: ''field screens'', ''battle screens'', ''world screens'', ''menu screens'', ''[[cutscene]]s'', and ''[[minigame]]s''. The player normally controls the character interaction with the environment via Field, Battle, and World screens; minigames are sometimes used for this as well. "Field screens" are enclosed and interconnected areas&mdash;towns, caves, fields, and other environments&mdash;through which the player can navigate the playable characters. Most of the character dialogue and exploration occurs on the field screens. In the first ten titles (except ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]],'' where other characters follow the main character when you are not on the world map), players can navigate the main character, which represents the whole party, around the environment. Since ''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'', multiple playable characters have been shown on the Field screen, and battles have been incorporated into the Field screen. [[Image:FFIV overworld map.PNG|200px|thumb|''Final Fantasy IV (SNES)'' world screen]] "Battle screens" facilitate battles in an [[arena]], usually with a change of scale and a background that represents where the battle is occurring. For example, a random battle in a desert will have a desert backdrop.<ref name="FF-Retro-1">{{cite web| url = http://www.gametrailers.com/player/22250.html| title = Final Fantasy Retrospective Part I| publisher = [[GameTrailers]]| date = [[2007-07-15]]| accessdate = 2007-11-03}}</ref> Battles are normally either plot-relevant or [[random encounter]]s. In ''Final Fantasy XI'' and ''[[Final Fantasy XII|XII]]'', battles screens were omitted by having battle sequences occur on the main field screen;<ref name="FF-Retro-8">{{cite web| url = http://www.gametrailers.com/player/24494.html| title = Final Fantasy Retrospective Part VIII| publisher = [[GameTrailers]]| date = [[2007-09-04]]| accessdate = 2007-11-06}}</ref><ref name="FF-Retro-9">{{cite web| url = http://www.gametrailers.com/player/25003.html| title = Final Fantasy Retrospective Part IX| publisher = [[GameTrailers]]| date = [[2007-09-15]]| accessdate = 2007-11-06}}</ref> the change was influenced by a desire to remove random encounters.<ref name="itointerview">Interview with Hiroyuki Itō{{cite video | year=2006 | title=Final Fantasy XII Collector's Edition Bonus DVD | medium=DVD | publisher=Square Enix | location=Tokyo | accessdate=2006-03-10}}</ref> The "World screen" is a low-scale map of the game world used to symbolize traveling great distances that would otherwise slow the plot progression. The party can often traverse this screen via [[Common elements of Final Fantasy#Airships|airships]], [[Chocobo]]s, and other modes of transportation.<ref name="FF-Retro-1"/> "Menu Screens" are used for character and game management; typical menu screens include items, character status, equipment, abilities, and game options.<ref name="IGN-Evo"/> This screen is usually presented in a very simple table layout. "[[Cutscene]]s" are non-interactive playbacks that provide instructions for the player or advance the plot. They can either be pre-rendered video, also known as [[full motion video]], or they can be executed with the same engine as any of the first three modes. "[[Minigames of Final Fantasy|Minigames]]" are small activities that generally serve as diversions from the story. [[Image:Active Time Battle.png|thumb|left|Example diagram of the Active Time Battle system used in several ''Final Fantasy'' games from its US patent application]] ==== Battle system ==== Combat in the ''Final Fantasy'' series started with a simple menu-driven, [[Turn-based game|turn-based]] battle system. Since ''[[Final Fantasy IV]]'', the series has gradually introduced more real-time elements,<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/> culminating in a full real-time system for ''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy XII]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://ps2.gamezone.com/gzreviews/r17264.htm| title = Final Fantasy XI Review| publisher = GameZone Online| author = Sandoval, Angelina| date = [[2004-03-30]]| accessdate = 2007-09-30}}</ref><ref name="FFXIIguide">{{cite book |editor=BradyGAMES |title=Final Fantasy XII Official Strategy Guide |year=2006 |publisher=DKPublishing |isbn=0-7440-0837-9 |pages=35–36}}</ref> The traditional, turn-based battle system was used in the first three games. At the beginning of each combat round, the player chooses battle commands for all playable characters. These commands are carried out in an order determined by the "speed" statistic of the characters. With ''[[Final Fantasy IV]]'', the turn-based battle system was replaced by the Active Time Battle (ATB) system designed by Hiroyuki Ito. Square Co., Ltd. filed a United States [[patent application]] for the ATB system on [[1992-03-16]], under the title "Video game apparatus, method and device for controlling same" and was awarded the patent on [[1995-02-21]].<!--ref>{{US Patent|5390937}}</ref--> On the battle screen, a status summary of each character is displayed. These encompass HP levels, MP levels (where applicable), and an ATB gauge. The ATB gauge determines when a character can take action. When the gauge is filled completely, the player can issue an order to that character. It was replaced by the Conditional Turn-Based Battle (CTB) system, or Count Time Battle which was created by [[Toshiro Tsuchida]] and first used in ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''. This battle system is distinguished by the fact that when a character's turn begins, all action stops while the player decides upon an action. The most recent combat format is the Real Time Battle (RTB) system which was introduced in ''[[Final Fantasy XI]]''. It replaces the random encounter game mechanic that has featured in past ''Final Fantasy'' games, instead allowing players to view the location of nearby enemies on the game map, therefore allowing one to move around the landscape during battles, or to avoid battles altogether. Characters start attacking automatically once they are in combat with an enemy, and special commands and magic can be inputted by the player at any time; contrary to the system's name it is not totally in real-time, with the exception of items, moving, certain special abilities and the first physical attack, all actions have a "charge" time before they are executed. Square Enix presented a short demo of ''[[Final Fantasy XIII]]'' at the 2006 [[E3]] conference, in which a menu at the bottom of the screen was used for inputting battle commands; the system was barely noticed because of the cinematic nature of the battles.<ref>{{cite web| author=Square Enix| year=2006 | title=E3 2006 - Square Enix ~ Final Fantasy XII| url=http://na.square-enix.com/e306/titles/fabula/ff13| publisher=[[Square Enix]] | accessdate=2007-09-30}}</ref> The Active Dimension Battle (ADB) system featured in ''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'' is essentially a cross between the RTB system and the ATB's time meter. This system was inspired by the ''Final Fantasy XII'' developers' experience working on ''[[Ogre Battle]]'' and ''[[Vagrant Story]]'' (the latter was originally planned to have a two-player battle system).<ref>http://www.vandal.net/cgi-bin/verreportaje.pl?n=87</ref> Most installments use an [[Experience point|experience level]] system for character advancement, in which experience points are accumulated by killing enemies—however, defeating bosses in some titles did not provide experience points.<ref>{{cite book| title = Final Fantasy Anthology Official Strategy Guide| publisher = [[BradyGames]]| year = 1999| isbn = 1566869250}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| year = 2004| title = Final Fantasy VIII Ultimania| publisher = Studio BentStuff| language = Japanese| isbn= 4757512430}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| year = 2004| title = Final Fantasy X-2 Ultimania Omega| publisher = Square-Enix| language = Japanese| isbn= 4757511612}}</ref> Battles also use a point-based system for casting magical spells. Since ''Final Fantasy III'', most titles have featured a variety of "special commands", such as stealing items from enemies or performing more powerful attacks. These abilities are sometimes integrated into the [[Final Fantasy character classes|job system]], which has appeared in several installments. == Music == [[Image:Nobuo Uematsu.jpg|right|150px|thumb|[[Nobuo Uematsu]], composer of most of the ''Final Fantasy'' soundtracks]] {{main|Music of Final Fantasy}} [[Nobuo Uematsu]] was the critically acclaimed chief [[composer|music composer]] of the ''Final Fantasy'' series until his resignation from Square Enix in November 2004.<ref name="Edge177"/> Uematsu is also involved with the rock group [[The Black Mages]], which has released three albums of [[arrangement|arranged]] ''Final Fantasy'' tunes.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://na.square-enix.com/uematsu/profile/index.html| title = Nobuo Uematsu's Profile| publisher = [[Square Enix]]| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dogearrecords.com/tbm3/| title = The Black Mages -Darkness and Starlight| publisher = Dog Ear Records| accessdate = 2008-04-02}}</ref> Other composers who have contributed to the series include [[Masashi Hamauzu]] and [[Hitoshi Sakimoto]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Artist: 浜渦正志| publisher = [[Music Brainz]]| url = http://musicbrainz.org/artist/deff82b2-f269-47fc-b0bc-383a5c911acb.html| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Artist: 崎元仁| publisher = [[Music Brainz]]| url = http://musicbrainz.org/artist/53a2cda4-31d0-405e-8a9d-5027c2479ebb.html| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref> Although each game offers a variety of music, there are some frequently reused themes. Most of the games open with a piece called "Prelude", which has evolved from a simple, 2-voice, [[Arpeggio|arpeggiated]] theme in the early games to a complex melodic arrangement in recent installments.<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/><ref name="IGN-Evo"/><ref name="FF-Retro-1"/> Battle victories in the first ten installments of the series were accompanied by a victory fanfare; this theme has become one of the most recognized pieces of music in the series. The basic theme for Chocobos is rearranged in a different musical style for each installment. A piece called "Prologue" or "Final Fantasy", originally featured in ''Final Fantasy I'', is often played during the ending credits.<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/> Although [[leitmotif]]s are often used in the more character-driven installments, theme music is typically reserved for main characters and recurring plot elements.<ref name="Edge177"/> {{-}} == Development == === History === <div class="floatright"> <timeline> ImageSize = width:200 height:500 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:10 top:10 right:0 DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:1987 till:2009 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical order:reverse ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1 start:1987 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1987 Colors = id:blue value:rgb(0,0,0) id:red value:rgb(0.9,0.05,0.05) # there is no automatic collision detection, # so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar # shift texts up or down when two have same year Define $up = shift:($dx,1) Define $dw = shift:($dx,-8) PlotData= bar:Games anchor:till color:green width:15 textcolor:blue align:left fontsize:S mark:(line,white) shift:($dx,-4) from:1987 till:2009 at:1987 text:"[[Final Fantasy (video game)|Final Fantasy]]" at:1988 text:"[[Final Fantasy II]]" at:1990 text:"[[Final Fantasy III]]" at:1991 text:"[[Final Fantasy IV]]" at:1992 text:"[[Final Fantasy V]]" at:1994 text:"[[Final Fantasy VI]]" at:1997 text:"[[Final Fantasy VII]]" at:1999 text:"[[Final Fantasy VIII]]" at:2000 text:"[[Final Fantasy IX]]" at:2001 text:"[[Final Fantasy X]]" at:2002 text:"[[Final Fantasy XI]]" # don't add FF X-2 to the above chart. It is a sequel and not part of the main series at:2006 text:"[[Final Fantasy XII]]" # don't add FF XIII to the above chart. It has yet to be released and the year is subject to change. </timeline></div> In the mid 1980s, [[Square Co.|Square]] entered the Japanese [[Computer and video game industry|video game industry]] with a string of simple [[console role-playing game|RPGs]], [[racing game]]s, and [[platform game|platformers]] for [[Nintendo]]'s [[Famicom Disk System]] (FDS). In 1987, Square designer [[Hironobu Sakaguchi]] began work on a new fantasy role-playing game for the cartridge-based Famicom, inspired in part by [[Enix]]'s popular ''[[Dragon Warrior|Dragon Quest]]''. As Sakaguchi planned to retire after completing the project, it was named ''[[Final Fantasy (video game)|Final Fantasy]]''.<ref name="IntroSE"/><ref name="HS-MobyG">{{cite web| url = http://www.mobygames.com/developer/sheet/view/developerId,33334/| title = Developer Bio - Hironobu Sakaguchi| publisher = [[MobyGames]]| accessdate = 2007-09-29}}</ref> Despite Sakaguchi's explanation, the name of the game has also been attributed by various sources to the company's hopes that the project would solve their financial troubles.<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/> ''Final Fantasy'' indeed reversed Square's lagging fortunes, and it became their flagship franchise.<ref name="Edge177"/><ref name="IntroSE"/> Following the success of the first game, Square immediately developed a second installment. Unlike a typical sequel, ''[[Final Fantasy II]]'' features a world bearing only thematic similarities to its predecessor. Some of the [[gameplay]] elements, such as the [[character advancement]] system, were also overhauled. This approach has continued throughout the series; each major ''Final Fantasy'' game features a new setting, cast of characters, and battle system. [[Image:Ff6 magitek.jpg|thumb|left|140px|''[[Final Fantasy VI]]'' artwork by [[Yoshitaka Amano]]]] === Design === {{see also|Category: Final Fantasy designers}} The first five games were directed by Hironobu Sakaguchi, who also provided the original concept.<!--ref name="FFIV-GSDetails">{{cite web| url = http://www.gamespot.com/snes/rpg/finalfantasy2/tech_info.html| title = Final Fantasy II (SNES) - Tech Info| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-11-27}}</ref--> He served as a producer for subsequent games until he left Square in 2001.<ref name="HS-MobyG"/><ref name="FFVI-GSDetails">{{cite web| url = http://www.gamespot.com/snes/rpg/finalfantasy3/tech_info.html| title = Final Fantasy III (SNES) - Tech Info| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-11-27}}</ref><ref name="FFVII-GSDetails">{{cite web| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps/rpg/finalfantasy7/tech_info.html| title = Final Fantasy VII - Tech Info| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-11-27}}</ref><ref name="FFVIII-GSDetails">{{cite web| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps/rpg/finalfantasy8/tech_info.html| title = Final Fantasy VIII - Tech Info| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-11-27}}</ref><ref name="FFIX-GSDetails">{{cite web| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps/rpg/finalfantasy9/tech_info.html| title = Final Fantasy IX - Tech Info| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-09-29}}</ref> [[Yoshinori Kitase]] took over directing the games until ''Final Fantasy VIII'',<ref name="FFVI-GSDetails"/><ref name="FFVII-GSDetails"/><ref name="FFVIII-GSDetails"/> and has been followed by a new director for each new title. [[Hiroyuki Itō]] has designed several gameplay systems, including ''Final Fantasy V''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s [[Final Fantasy V#Job System|Job System]], ''Final Fantasy VIII'''s [[Final Fantasy VIII#Junction system|Junction System]]<ref name="FFVIII-GSDetails"/> and the [[Active Time Battle]] concept, which was used from ''Final Fantasy IV'' until ''Final Fantasy IX''. Itō also co-directed ''Final Fantasy VI'' with Kitase.<ref name="FFVI-GSDetails"/> [[Kenji Terada]] was the scenario writer for the first four games; Kitase took over as scenario writer for ''Final Fantasy V'' through ''Final Fantasy VII''. [[Kazushige Nojima]] became the series' primary scenario writer from ''Final Fantasy VII'' until his resignation in October 2003; he has since formed his own company, Stellavista. Nojima partially or completely wrote the stories for ''Final Fantasy VII'', ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'', ''Final Fantasy X'', and ''[[Final Fantasy X-2]]''. He has also worked as the scenario writer for the spin off series, ''[[Kingdom Hearts (series)|Kingdom Hearts]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps2/rpg/kingdomhearts2/tech_info.html| title = Kingdom Hearts II Tech Info| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| accessdate = 2007-11-07}}</ref> Square Enix continues to contract story and scenario work to Nojima and Stellavista. Artistic design, including character and monster creations, was handled by Japanese artist [[Yoshitaka Amano]] from ''Final Fantasy'' through ''[[Final Fantasy VI]]''. Amano also handled title logo designs for all of the main series and all of the image illustrations from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' onward. Following Amano's departure, he was replaced by [[Tetsuya Nomura]],<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/> who worked with the series through ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''; for ''Final Fantasy IX'', however, character designs were handled by [[Shukou Murase]], Toshiyuki Itahana, and Shin Nagasawa.<ref name="FFIX-GSDetails"/> Nomura is also the character designer of the ''[[Final Fantasy VII#Compilation of Final Fantasy VII|Compilation of Final Fantasy VII]],'' and all three installments of the upcoming ''[[Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy XIII]]''. Other designers include Nobuyoshi Mihara and [[Akihiko Yoshida]]. Mihara was the character designer for ''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'',<ref>{{cite web| author = GameFAQs staff| date = [[2003-11-20]]| title = Final Fantasy XI Info| url = http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/ps2/data/197345.html| accessdate = 2007-04-01}}</ref> and Yoshida served as character designer for ''[[Final Fantasy Tactics]]'', ''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'', the Square-produced ''[[Vagrant Story]]'', and the [[Final Fantasy III (DS)|''Final Fantasy III'' remake]]. === Graphics and technology === ''[[Final Fantasy (video game)|Final Fantasy]]'' debuted on the [[Nintendo Entertainment System]] in 1987. It featured small [[sprite (computer graphics)|sprite]] representations of the leading party members on the main world screen because of graphical limitations, while in battle screens, more detailed, full versions of all characters would appear in a side-view perspective. The [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|Super Famicom]] installments used updated graphics and effects, as well as higher quality music and sound than in previous games, but they were otherwise similar to their predecessors in basic design. [[Image:FFVII cutscene aeris.jpg|thumb|''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' was the first game in the series to incorporate pre-rendered [[cutscene]]s.]] In August 1995, Square showed an [[Final Fantasy VI#Interactive CG Game|interactive SGI technical demonstration]] of ''Final Fantasy'' for the next generation.<ref name="FFVII-Dev">{{cite web| author = The Final Fantasy VII Citadel site staff| year = 2005| title = Hironobu Sakaguchi Interview| url = http://www.ff7citadel.com/press/int_sakaguchi.shtml| publisher = The Final Fantasy VII Citadel| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> Articles in ''[[GameFan]]'' and ''[[Nintendo Power]]'' led fans to believe the demo was of a new ''Final Fantasy'' title for the [[Nintendo 64]] [[video game console]]. However, 1997 saw the release of ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' for the Sony [[PlayStation]] and not the [[Nintendo 64]] as many had originally anticipated.<ref>{{cite web| author = Sutherland, Kenny| publisher = Lost Levels Online| url = http://www.lostlevels.org/200510/| title = Elusions: Final Fantasy 64| accessdate = 2007-10-02}}</ref> This was due to a dispute with Nintendo over its use of faster and more expensive [[cartridge (electronics)|cartridge]]s, as opposed to the slower, cheaper, and much higher capacity [[compact disc]]s used on rival systems.<ref>{{Citation| last=PSM Staff| publication-date=September 2007| date=| title=10 Years of PlayStation Through the Eyes of PSM| periodical=[[PSM (magazine)|PSM]]| publisher= [[Future Publishing|Future US Inc.]]| issue=127| pages=34&ndash;43}}</ref> ''Final Fantasy VII'' introduced [[3D computer graphics|3-dimensional graphics]] with fully [[Rendering (computer graphics)|pre-rendered]] backgrounds.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy VII -Review| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps/rpg/finalfantasy7/review.html| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| author = Kasavin, Greg| date = [[1997-09-29]]| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy VII (PS1) - Review| url = http://www.1up.com/do/reviewPage?cId=3111181&p=27&sec=REVIEWS| publisher = [[1UP.com]]| date = 2004-05-09| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> It was because of this switch to 3D that a [[CD-ROM]] format was chosen over a cartridge format.<ref name="FFVII-Dev"/> Starting with ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'', the series adopted a more [[photorealism|photo-realistic]] look.<ref name="development2">{cite web| author=Coxon, Sachi|year=1998 |title=Interview with ''Final Fantasy VIII'' developers| url=http://members.tripod.com/PlayStationJapan/ff8iview2.html| work=PlayStation Japan| accessdate=2007-09-30}}</ref> Like ''Final Fantasy VII'', some [[full motion video]] (FMV) sequences would have video playing in the background, with the [[polygon (computer graphics)|polygonal]] characters composited on top. ''[[Final Fantasy IX]]'' returned briefly to the more stylized design of earlier games in the series. It still maintained, and in many cases slightly upgraded, most of the graphical techniques utilized in the previous two games in the series. ''[[Final Fantasy X]]'' was released on the [[PlayStation 2]],<ref name="FFX-Releases"/> and made use of the much more powerful hardware to render many cutscenes in real-time, rather than in pre-rendered [[full motion video|FMV]] sequences. Rather than having 3D models moving about in pre-rendered backgrounds, the game featured full 3D environments, giving it a more dynamic look, though the camera angle was fixed. It was also the first ''Final Fantasy'' game to introduce [[voice acting]], occurring throughout the majority of the game, even with many minor characters. This aspect added a whole new dimension of depth to the character's reactions, emotions, and development.<ref>{{cite web| author = Square Enix North America site staff| year = 2001| title = Behind The Game The Creators| url = http://www.square-enix-usa.com/games/FFX/btg/creators.html#1| publisher = [[Square Enix]]| work = Square Enix.com| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> Taking a temporary divergence, ''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'' used the PlayStation 2's online capabilities as an [[MMORPG]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://ps2.ign.com/articles/359/359081p1.html| title = Final Fantasy XI -- Big Plans, Big Money| author = IGN Staff| publisher = [[IGN]]| date = [[2002-05-10]]| accessdate = 2007-10-02}}</ref> Initially released for PlayStation 2 with a PC port arriving 6 months later, ''Final Fantasy XI'' was also released on the [[Xbox 360]] nearly four years after its first release in Japan.<ref>{{cite web| title = Shippin' Out 4/17-4/21: Final Fantasy XI Online, Brain Age| url = http://www.gamespot.com/pc/adventure/longestjourney2wt/news.html?sid=6147765| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| author = Thorsen, Tor| date = [[2006-04-17]]| accessdate = 2007-10-02}}</ref> This was the first ''Final Fantasy'' game to use a free rotating camera. ''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'' was released in 2006 for the PlayStation 2 and utilizes only half as many polygons as ''Final Fantasy X'' in exchange for more advanced textures and lighting.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_zd1up/is_200311/ai_ziff112825| title = Find Articles - Final Fantasy XII 1UP| publisher = [[1UP.com]]| work = FindArticles.com| date = November 2003| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.rpgfan.com/previews/ff12/index.html| title = Final Fantasy XII - Preview First Look| publisher = RPGFan| author = Winkler, Chris| date = [[2003-12-04]]| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref> It also retains the freely rotating camera from ''Final Fantasy XI''. ''[[Final Fantasy XIII]]'' was shown at [[E3]] 2006 and is slated to be the first game in the main series for [[PlayStation 3]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps3/rpg/finalfantasy13/news.html?sid=6149412| title = E3 06: Square Enix announces trio of Final Fantasy XIII games| author = Shoemaker, Brad| coauthors = Dan Tochen| publisher = [[GameSpot]]| date = [[2006-05-08]]| accessdate = 2007-10-02}}</ref> The game will make use of [[Crystal Tools]], a middleware engine developed by Square Enix. == Merchandise and other media == {{see|List of Final Fantasy media}} [[Square Enix]] has expanded the ''Final Fantasy'' series into various different mediums. In addition to the games, there have been [[Computer-generated imagery|CGI]] films, animated series, books, and different types of merchandise.<ref name="Edge177"/> Many of the games have been re-released on multiple platforms, and several have been adapted into [[manga]] and [[novel]]s. ''[[Final Fantasy Tactics Advance]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy: Unlimited]]'' have been adapted into [[radio drama]]s. Many of the titles' official soundtracks have been released for sale as well. Companion books, which normally provide in-depth game information, have also been published. In Japan, they are published by Square and are called [[Ultimania]] books. In North America, they take the form of standard [[strategy guide]]s. === Anime and films === [[Image:Final fantasy ver1.jpg|thumb|Theatrical release poster of ''[[Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within]]'']] There have been several [[anime]] and [[computer-generated imagery|CGI]] [[film]]s produced that are based either directly on individual ''Final Fantasy'' games or on the series as a whole. The first was an [[Original video animation|OVA]] titled ''[[Final Fantasy: Legend of the Crystals]]'' and was based on ''[[Final Fantasy V]]''. The story was set on the same world as the game though 200 years in the future. It was released as four 30-minute episodes first in Japan in 1994 and later released in the United States by [[Urban Vision]] in 1998.<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy: Legend of the Crystals (OAV)| url = http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/anime.php?id=613| publisher = AnimeNewsNetwork| accessdate=2007-10-05}}</ref> In 2001, [[Square Pictures]] released their first feature film, ''[[Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within]]''. The story was set on a future-[[Earth]] that had been invaded by [[Extraterrestrial life|alien]] life forms.<ref name="MC-Spirits">{{cite web|url=http://www.metacritic.com/video/titles/finalfantasy/|title=Overview over ''Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within'' reviews|accessdate=2007-07-23|publisher=[[Metacritic]]}}</ref> ''The Spirits Within'' was the first animated feature to seriously attempt to portray [[photorealism|photorealistic]] CGI humans, but was considered a [[box office bomb]].<ref name="Edge177"/><ref name="MC-Spirits"/><ref name="FFMovie-RPGamer">{{cite web| author= Long, Andrew| year=2003| publisher=[[RPGamer]]| url=http://www.rpgamer.com/news/Q2-2003/042503e.html| title= Square-Enix Gives Chrono Break Trademark Some Playmates| accessdate=2007-07-25}}</ref> One reviewer points out that the environmentally-themed plot may have been ahead of its time.<ref>{{cite web| first=Peter| last=Bracke| title=Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within| date=2007-08-06| publisher= Snugglefish Media| url =http://bluray.highdefdigest.com/911/finalfantasyspiritswithin.html| work = High-Def Digest| accessdate = 2008-03-15}}</ref> 2001 also saw the release of ''[[Final Fantasy: Unlimited]]'', a 25 episode anime series based on the common elements of the ''Final Fantasy'' series. It was broadcast in Japan by [[TV Tokyo]] and released in North America by [[ADV Films]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy: Unlimited (TV)| url = http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/anime.php?id=639| publisher = [[Anime News Network]]| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> In 2005, ''[[Final Fantasy VII Advent Children]]'' and ''[[Last Order: Final Fantasy VII]]'' were released as part of the ''[[Compilation of Final Fantasy VII]]''. ''Advent Children'' was a CGI film directed by [[Tetsuya Nomura]] and ''Last Order'' was a short OVA directed by [[Morio Asaka]]. === Printed adaptations === Several of the video games have either been adapted into or have had [[spin-off]]s in the form of [[manga]] and [[novel]]s. The first was the novelization of ''[[Final Fantasy II]]'' in 1989 and was followed by a manga adaptation of ''[[Final Fantasy III]]'' in 1992.<ref>{{cite web| title = ファイナルファンタジー2 夢魔の迷宮| url = http://books.yahoo.co.jp/book_detail/05959031| work = Yahoo! Japan: Books| publisher = [[Yahoo!]]| language = Japanese| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = 悠久の風伝説 ファイナルファンタジー3より 3| url = http://books.yahoo.co.jp/book_detail/18726609| work = Yahoo! Japan: Books| publisher = [[Yahoo!]]| language = Japanese| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref> The past decade has seen an increase in the number of adaptations and spin-offs. ''Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within'' has been adapted into a novel,<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within (Mass Market Paperback)| url = http://www.amazon.com/Final-Fantasy-Dean-Wesley-Smith/dp/0743424190| publisher = [[Amazon.com]]| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref> ''[[Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles|Crystal Chronicles]]'' has been adapted into a manga,<ref>{{cite web| date = [[2003-12-18]]| author = IGN staff| title = FF Crystal Chronicles Goes Comic| url = http://cube.ign.com/articles/446/446676p1.html| publisher = [[IGN]]| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref> and ''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'' has had a novel and [[manhwa]] set in its continuity.<ref>{{cite web| title = ファイナルファンタジー11 星の誓い| url = http://books.yahoo.co.jp/book_detail/31106473| work = Yahoo! Japan: Books| publisher = [[Yahoo!]]| language = Japanese| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy XI T-1| url = http://www.fleuvenoir.fr/sf-fantasy-poche-jeux-video-fiche-livre-9782265085596.html| language = French| work = Fleuve Noir| accessdate = 2007-10-08}}</ref> Two [[novella]]s based on the ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' universe have also been released. The ''Final Fantasy: Unlimited'' story was partially continued in novels and a manga after the anime series had ended. == Reception == The ''Final Fantasy'' series has been overall critically well received and commercially successful, though each installment has seen different levels of success. In July 2007, the series was listed as the fourth-[[List of best-selling video games#Franchises|best-selling video game franchise]].<ref name="Edge177"/> The series has steadily increased in total sales. By August 2003, the series had sold 45 million units worldwide<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.square-enix.com/na/company/press/2003/11082003/| title = Square Enix U.S.A. announces details for FINAL FANTASY XI| date = [[2003-09-11]]| publisher = [[Square Enix]]| accessdate = 2008-01-03}}</ref> and 63 million units by December 2005.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.square-enix.com/na/news/2005/12192005/| title = (Official Xbox Magazine press release) Playable Beta Disc for Xbox 360 Console to be included with February 2006 Issue| date = [[2005-12-19]]| publisher = [[Square Enix]]| accessdate = 2008-01-03}}</ref> As of December 2007, the series has sold over 80 million units worldwide.<ref name="80mil"/> Several titles have been commercially successful as well. At the end of 2007, the seventh, eighth, and ninth best-selling RPGs were ''Final Fantasy VII'', ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'', and ''[[Final Fantasy X]]'' respectively.<ref name="GWR08-RPG">{{cite book| last= |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |editor= Craig Glenday| title= Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2008| series= [[Guinness World Records]]| date= [[2008-03-11]]| publisher= Guinness| language= English|isbn= 978-1-904994-21-3| pages= 156–167| chapter= Record Breaking Games: Role-Playing Games}}</ref> ''Final Fantasy VII'' has sold more than 9.5 million copies worldwide, earning it the position of the best-selling ''Final Fantasy'' title.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.square-enix.com/na/company/press/2005/05152005/| title = Square Enix Annouces Release Date of Final Fantasy VII Advent Children| publisher = [[Square Enix]]| date = [[2005-05-15]]| accessdate = 2007-10-23}}</ref> Within two days of ''Final Fantasy VIII''{{'}}s North American release on [[September 9]] [[1999]], it became the top-selling video game in the United States, a position it held for more than three weeks.<ref name="charts">{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy VIII Tops Videogame Charts| year = 1999| author = IGN staff| url = http://psx.ign.com/articles/071/071008p1.html| publisher = [[IGN]] | accessdate = 2007-10-02}}</ref> Though not as commercially successful as ''Final Fantasy VII'' or ''Final Fantasy VIII'', ''[[Final Fantasy IX]]'' was a top seller at the time of its release.<ref>{{cite web| author = IGN staff| title = Final Fantasy IX Is Number One| date = 2000-12-19| url = http://psx.ign.com/articles/089/089238p1.html| publisher = [[IGN]]| accessdate = 2006-03-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Japan Platinum Game Chart| url = http://www.the-magicbox.com/topten2.htm| publisher = the-magicbox.com| accessdate = 2006-03-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = US Platinum Videogame Chart| publisher = the-magicbox.com| url = http://www.the-magicbox.com/Chart-USPlatinum.shtml| accessdate = 2006-03-07}}</ref> ''Final Fantasy X'' sold over 1.4 million Japanese units in pre-orders alone,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://ps2.ign.com/articles/096/096716p1.html| title = Final Fantasy X Sells Like Crazy; World Not Shocked| publisher = [[IGN]]| author = IGN Staff| date = [[2001-07-19]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> which set a record for the fastest-selling console RPG.<ref name="GWR08-RPG"/> ''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'' sold more than 1,764,000 copies in its first week in Japan.<ref>{{cite web| author = Jenkins, David| date = [[2006-03-24]]| title = Japanese Sales Charts, Week Ending March 19| format= | publisher = Gamasutra.com| work = Media Create| url = http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=8671| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> By [[November 6]] [[2006]]—one week after its release—''Final Fantasy XII'' had shipped approximately 1.5 million copies in North America.<ref>{{cite web| author = [[Square Enix]]| date = [[2006-11-06]]| title = Square Enix Announces Record Shipment With Final Fantasy XII| publisher = Square Enixe| work = Square-Enix.com | url = http://www.square-enix.com/na/company/press/2006/1106_1/ | accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> ===Critical response=== The series and several specific games within it have been credited for introducing and popularizing many concepts and features that are widely used in [[console role-playing game|console RPGs]].<ref name="GS-FFHistory"/><ref name="IGN-GC-RPG"/> In addition, it has been praised for the quality of its visuals and soundtracks.<ref name="Edge177"/> The ''Final Fantasy'' series was awarded a star on the [[Walk of Game]] in 2006. WalkOfGame.com commented that the series has sought perfection as well as been a risk taker in innovation.<ref name="Walk"/> [[IGN]] has commented the menu system used by the series is a major detractor for many and is a "significant reason why they haven't touched the series."<ref name="IGN-Evo"/> The site has also heavily criticized the use of random encounters in the series' battle systems.<ref name="IGNReview8">{{cite web| url=http://psx.ign.com/articles/153/153847p1.html| title=IGN: Final Fantasy VIII Review| publisher=[[IGN]]| author=Lundigran, Jeff| date=[[1999-09-10]]| accessdate=2008-02-17}}</ref><ref name="IGNReview9">{{cite web| url=http://psx.ign.com/articles/162/162190p1.html| title=IGN: Final Fantasy IX Review| publisher=[[IGN]]| author=Smith, David| date=[[2000-11-22]]| accessdate=2008-02-17}}</ref> They also stated the various attempts to bring the series into film and animation have either been unsuccessful, unremarkable, or did not live up to the standards of the games.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://anime.ign.com/articles/842/842025p1.html| title = Gaming to Anime: Final Fantasy VI| publisher = [[IGN]]| author = Isler, Ramsey| date = [[2007-12-17]]| accessdate = 2007-12-20}}</ref> In July 2007, [[Edge (magazine)|''Edge'' magazine]] criticized the series for a number of related titles that include the phrase "''Final Fantasy''" in their titles, which are considered to be not of the same quality as previous titles. They also commented that with the departure of [[Hironobu Sakaguchi]], the series might be in danger of growing stale.<ref name="Edge177"/> Many ''Final Fantasy'' games have been included in various lists of top games. Two games were listed on [[GameFAQs]]' "The 10 Best Games Ever" contest in Fall 2005, with ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' voted as the "Best Game Ever." Six other ''Final Fantasy'' titles were included in the additional 90 games listed.<ref name="gamefaqs2">{{cite web| author = GameFAQs Site Staff | year = 2005| title = Fall 2005: 10-Year Anniversary Contest - The 10 Best Games Ever| url = http://www.gamefaqs.com/features/contest/top10 | publisher = [[GameFAQs]]| accessdate = 2007-10-02}}</ref> [[GameFAQs]] has also held a contest for the best video game series ever, with ''Final Fantasy'' being the runner-up, behind ''[[The Legend of Zelda (series)|The Legend of Zelda]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/features/contest/bse|title=Summer 2006: Best. Series. Ever.|publisher=GameFAQs|accessdate=2006-10-01}}</ref> Several games have been listed on multiple [[IGN]] "Top Games" lists.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://top100.ign.com/2003/index.html| title = IGN's Top 100 Games| publisher = [[IGN]]| year = 2003| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://top100.ign.com/2005/index.html| title = IGN's Top 100 Games| publisher = [[IGN]]| year = 2005| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Top 99 Games of All Time: Readers' Pick| url = http://microsites.ign.com/kfc/top99games/| publisher = [[IGN]]| year = 2005| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://ps2.ign.com/articles/772/772296p3.html| title = The Top 25 PS2 Games of All Time| author = IGN PlayStation Team| publisher = [[IGN]]| date = [[2007-03-16]]| accessdate = 2007-10-03}}</ref> Eleven games were listed on ''[[Famitsu]]'''s 2006 "Top 100 Favorite Games of All Time", four of which were in the top ten, with ''[[Final Fantasy X]]'' and ''Final Fantasy VII'' being first and second, respectively.<ref name="Top100-famitsu">{{cite web| author = Campbell, Colin| year = 2006| title=Japan Votes on All Time Top 100| url = http://www.next-gen.biz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2401&Itemid=2| publisher=[[Next Generation Magazine|Next Generation]]| accessdate = 2007-10-02}}</ref> Many ''Final Fantasy'' characters have been included in GameFAQs' "Character Battle" contests. ''Final Fantasy VII''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s [[Cloud Strife]] and [[Sephiroth (Final Fantasy)|Sephiroth]] have both won once and have been listed as the runner-up multiple times.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/features/contest/c03sum|title=Summer 2003: The Great GameFAQs Character Battle II|publisher=GameFAQs|accessdate=2007-11-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/features/contest/c04sum|title=Summer 2004: The Great GameFAQs Character Battle III|publisher=GameFAQs|accessdate=2007-11-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/features/contest/spr05|title=Spring 2005: Got Villains?|publisher=GameFAQs|accessdate=2007-11-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/poll/index.html?poll=2566|title=Poll of the Day #2566|publisher=GameFAQs|accessdate=2007-11-12}}</ref> In [[ScrewAttack]]'s list of "Top Ten Coolest Characters", Cloud was rated the number two "coolest" character; Sephiroth was also considered but the list stipulated one character per franchise.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.gametrailers.com/player/16889.html| title = Top Ten Coolest Characters| publisher = [[GameTrailers]]| date = [[2007-02-07]]| accessdate = 2008-01-03}}</ref> Several individual ''Final Fantasy'' titles have garnered extra attention; some for their positive reception and others for their negative reception. ''Final Fantasy VII'' won GameFAQs' "Best. Game. Ever." tournament in 2004.<ref name="gamefaqs3">{{cite web| author = GameFAQs Site Staff| year = 2004| title = Spring 2004: Best. Game. Ever.| url = http://www.gamefaqs.com/features/contest/c04spr| publisher = [[GameFAQs]]| accessdate = 2007-10-02}}</ref> Despite the success of ''Final Fantasy VII'', it is sometimes criticized as being overrated. In 2003, [[GameSpy]] listed it as the 7th most overrated game of all time.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://archive.gamespy.com/articles/september03/25overrated/| title = 25 Most Overrated Games of All Time| author = GameSpy Staff| publisher = [[GameSpy]]| date = September 2003| accessdate = 2007-11-21}}</ref> ''Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII'' shipped 392,000 units in its first week of release,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.m-create.com/eng/e_ranking.html| title = Top 10 Weekly Software Sales (January 23 - January 29, 2006)| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060205034213/http://m-create.com/eng/e_ranking.html| archivedate = 2006-02-05}}</ref> but received review scores that were much lower than that of other ''Final Fantasy'' games.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.gamerankings.com/htmlpages2/924449.asp?q=dirge%20of%20cerberus| title = Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII Reviews| publisher = [[Game Rankings]]| accessdate = 2007-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/ps2/dirgeofcerberusfinalfantasy7?q=dirge%20of%20cerberus| title = Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII (ps2:2006): Reviews| publisher = [[Metacritic]]| accessdate = 2007-10-23}}</ref> A delayed, negative review after the Japanese release of ''Dirge of Cerberus'' from Japanese gaming magazine, ''[[Famitsu]]'', hinted at a controversy between the magazine and Square Enix.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.1up.com/do/newsStory?cId=3147827| publisher = [[1UP.com]]| title = Famitsu Digs Into Dirge of Cerberus| author = Dormer, Dan| date = [[2006-02-08]]| accessdate = 2007-11-12}}</ref> The MMORPG, ''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'', reached over 200,000 active daily players in March 2006<ref>{{cite web| author = Woodard, Christopher| title = GDC: Creating a Global MMO: Balancing Cultures and Platforms in Final Fantasy XI| publisher = Gamasutra.com| date = [[2006-03-24]]| url = http://www.gamasutra.com/features/20060324/woodard_01.shtml| accessdate = 2007-10-05}}</ref> and had reached over half a million subscribers by July 2007.<ref name="Edge177"/> Though ''Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within'' was praised for its visuals, the plot was criticized<ref>{{cite web| title = Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within| author = Ebert, Roger| url = http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20010711/REVIEWS/107110301/1023| publisher = RogerEbert.com| date = [[2001-07-11]]| accessdate = 2007-10-23}}</ref> and was considered a box office bomb.<ref name="Edge177"/><ref name="MC-Spirits"/><ref name="FFMovie-RPGamer"/> ''[[Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles]]'' for the [[GameCube]] received overall positive review scores, but reviews stated that the use of [[Game Boy Advance]]s as controllers was a big detractor.<ref name="IGN-GC-RPG"/><ref>{{citeweb| url = http://www.1up.com/do/reviewPage?cId=3118114&sec=REVIEWS | title = Reviews: FF: Crystal Chronicles | publisher = [[1UP.com]]| date = [[2004-05-09]]| accessdate = 2007-11-12}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist|2}} == External links == {{portal|Final Fantasy}} {{wikiquote}} <!-- ==============================({{NoMoreLinks}})============================== --> <!-- DO NOT ADD MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. 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