Fitzwilliam Museum
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2008-07-09T22:58:08Z
Richie
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[[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 224225597 by [[Special:Contributions/202.180.77.4|202.180.77.4]] ([[User talk:202.180.77.4|talk]])
[[Image:FitzwilliamMuseum.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The main entrance to the Fitzwilliam Museum, facing Trumpington Sreet.]]
The '''Fitzwilliam Museum''' is the art and antiquities museum of the [[University of Cambridge]] and is located on Trumpington Street, [[Cambridge]], [[England]]. It receives around 300,000 visitors annually.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/nwh_gfx_en/ART37682.html|title=24 hour museum guide to Fitzwilliam|accessdate=2008-07-07}}</ref>
The museum was founded in 1816 with the bequest of the library and art collection of the [[Richard FitzWilliam, 7th Viscount FitzWilliam|7th Viscount FitzWilliam]]. The bequest also included £100,000 "to cause to be erected a good substantial museum repository". The collection was initially placed in the old [[Perse Grammar School]] in Free School Lane. It was moved in 1842 to the Old Schools (at that time the [[University Library]]). The "Founder's Building" itself was designed by [[George Basevi]], completed by [[Charles Robert Cockerell|C. R. Cockerell]] and opened in [[1848]]; the entrance hall is by [[Edward Middleton Barry]] and was completed in [[1875]]. The first stone of the new building was laid by [[Gilbert Ainslie]] in 1837.
The Egyptian Galleries at the Fitzwilliam Museum re-opened in 2006 after a two-year, £1.5 million programme of refurbishment, conservation and research.[[Image:Saint Geminianus.jpg|thumb|right|Saint Geminianus from pentaptych by [[Simone Martini]] (c.1284-1344).]]
== Collection ==
The museum has five departments: Antiquities; Applied Arts; Coins and Medals; Manuscripts and Printed Books; and Paintings, Drawings and Prints.
Together these cover antiquities from Ancient Egypt, Sudan, Greece and Rome, Roman and Romano-Egyptian Art, Western Asiatic displays and a new gallery of Cypriot Art; [[Image:Brown last of england.jpg|thumb|left|The Last of England by [[Ford Madox Brown]].]]applied arts, including English and European pottery and glass, furniture, clocks, fans, armour, Chinese, Japanese and Korean art, rugs and samplers; coins and medals; illuminated, literary and music manuscripts and rare printed books; paintings, including masterpieces by [[Simone Martini]], [[Domenico Veneziano]], [[Titian]], [[Paolo Veronese|Veronese]], [[Peter Paul Rubens|Rubens]], [[Anthony Van Dyck|Van Dyck]], [[Frans Hals]], [[Canaletto]], [[William Hogarth|Hogarth]], [[Thomas Gainsborough|Gainsborough]], [[John Constable|Constable]], [[Monet]], [[Degas]], [[Pierre-Auguste Renoir|Renoir]], [[Cézanne]] and [[Picasso]] and a fine collection of 20th century art; miniatures, drawings, watercolours and prints.
Many items in the museum are on loan from colleges of the [[University of Cambridge|University]], for example an important group of impressionist paintings owned by [[King's College, Cambridge|King's College]], which includes [[Cézanne]]'s 'The Abduction' and a study for '[[Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte]]' by [[Seurat]].
The Museum's collection of [[Pre-Raphaelite]] paintings includes a version of [[Ford Madox Brown]]'s ''[[The Last of England (painting)|The Last of England]]'', voted 8th greatest painting in Britain in 2005's [[BBC Radio 4|Radio 4]] poll, the [[Greatest Painting in Britain Vote]].
There is also the largest collection of 16th century [[Queen Elizabeth I of England|Elizabethan]] [[virginal]] manuscript music written by some of the most notable composers of the time. Composers such as [[William Byrd]], [[John Bull (composer)|Doctor John Bull]], [[Orlando Gibbons]] and [[Thomas Tallis]].
==Collection Highlights==
===Paintings===
''Anglo-American''
:*[[Benjamin West|West, Benjamin]] - 2 paintings;
''Dutch School''
:*[[Aelbert Cuyp|Cuyp, Aelbert]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Gerrit Dou|Dou, Gerrit]] - 3 paintings;
:*[[Frans Hals|Hals, Frans]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Meyndert Hobbema|Hobbema, Meyndert]] - 2 paintings;
:*[[Adriaen van Ostade|Ostade, Adriaen van]] - 2 paintings;
:*[[Rembrandt|Rembrandt van Rijn]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Salomon van Ruysdael|Ruysdael, Salomon van]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Jan Steen|Steen, Jan]] - 3 paintings;
:*[[Adriaen van de Velde|Velde, Adriaen van de]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Willem van de Velde the Younger|Velde, Willem van de...the Younger]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Jan Weenix|Weenix, Jan]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Philip Wouwerman|Wouwerman, Philip]] - 2 paintings;
''English School''
:*[[William Beechey|Beechey, William]] - 1 painting;
:*[[John Constable|Constable, John]] - 12 paintings;
:*[[Thomas Gainsborough|Gainsborough, Thomas]] - 8 paintings;
:*[[William Hogarth|Hogarth, William]] - 9 paintings;
:*[[John Hoppner|Hoppner, John]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Sir Godfrey Kneller|Kneller, Sir Godfrey]] - 15 paintings;
:*[[Edwin Henry Landseer|Landseer, Sir Edwin]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Thomas Lawrence (painter)|Lawrence, Thomas]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Peter Lely|Lely, Peter]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Joshua Reynolds|Reynolds, Joshua]] - 4 paintings;
:*[[George Stubbs|Stubbs, George]] - 3 paintings;
''Flemish School''
:*[[Jan Brueghel the Elder|Bruegel, Jan]] - 5 paintings;
:*[[Pieter Bruegel the Elder|Bruegel, Pieter]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Francken|Frans Francken the Younger]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Jan Mabuse|Gossaert, Jan]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Peter Paul Rubens|Rubens, Peter Paul]] - 14 paintings;
:*[[David Teniers the Younger|Teniers, David]] - 2 paintings;
:*[[Anthony van Dyck|Van Dyck, Anthony]] - 5 paintings;
''French School''
:*[[Eugène Delacroix|Delacroix, Eugène]] - 4 paintings;
:*[[François Boucher|Boucher, François]] - 1 paintings;
:*[[Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot|Corot, Jean-Baptiste Camille]] - 3 paintings;
:*[[Edgar Degas|Degas, Edgar]] - 7 paintings;
:*[[Gaspard Dughet|Dughet, Gaspard]] - 3 paintings;
:*[[Paul Gauguin|Gauguin, Eugène Henri Paul]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Claude Lorrain|Gellée, Claude]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Vincent Van Gogh|Gogh, Vincent Van]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Jean-Baptiste Greuze|Greuze, Jean-Baptiste]] - 1 paintings;
:*[[Jean-Étienne Liotard|Liotard, Jean-Étienne]] - 2 paintings;
:*[[Claude Monet|Monet, Claude]] - 4 paintings;
:*[[Camille Pissarro|Pissarro, Camille]] - 6 paintings;
:*[[Nicolas Poussin|Poussin, Nicolas]] - 1 paintings;
:*[[Pierre Auguste Renoir|Renoir, Pierre Auguste]] - 11 paintings;
:*[[Théodore Rousseau|Rousseau , Théodore]] - 3 paintings;
:*[[Georges-Pierre Seurat|Seurat, Georges-Pierre]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Jean-François de Troy|Troy, Jean-François de]] - 1 paintings;
''German School''
:*[[Hans Holbein the Younger|Holbein, Hans]] - 2 paintings;
''Italian School''
:*[[Alessandro Allori|Allori, Alessandro]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Jacopo Bassano|Bassano, Jacopo]] - 2 paintings;
:*[[Canaletto]], (Giovanni Antonio Canal) - 6 paintings;
:*Carracci, [[Annibale Carracci|Annibale]] and [[Ludovico Carracci|Ludovico]] - 4 paintings;
:*[[Bernardo Daddi|Daddi, Bernardo]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Carlo Dolci|Dolci, Carlo]] - 3 painting;
:*[[Domenico Zampieri|Domenichino, Zapieri]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Duccio|Duccio di Buoninsegna]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Gentile da Fabriano]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Domenico Fetti|Fetti, Domenico]] - 5 paintings;
:*[[Raffaellino del Garbo|Garbo, Raffaellino del]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Lattanzio Gambara|Gambara, Lattanzio]] - 8 paintings;
:*[[Luca Giordano|Giordano, Luca]] - 12 paintings;
:*[[Guercino]], (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri) - 1 painting;
:*[[Pietro Longhi|Longhi, Pietro]] - 2 paintings;
:*[[Lorenzo Lotto|Lotto, Lorenzo]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Andrea Mantegna|Mantegna, Andrea]] - 9 canvases known as [[Triumphs of Caesar|The Triumphs of Caesar]]
:*[[Parmigianino]] - 2 paintings and 30 drawings
:*[[Pietro Perugino|Perugino, Pietro]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Francesco Pesellino|Pesellino, Francesco]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Raphael|Raphael, (Raffaello Sanzio)]] - 8 Paintings;
:*[[Raffaellino del Garbo]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Guido Reni|Reni, Guido]] - 1 paiewnting;
:*[[Sebastiano Ricci|Ricci, Sebastiano]] - 9 paintings;
:*[[Giulio Romano|Romano, Giulio]] - 6 paintings;
:*[[Andrea Sacchi|Sacchi, Andrea]] - 130 drawings;
:*[[Andrea del Sarto|Sarto, Andrea del]] - 2 paintings;
:*Strozzi, Zanobi - 1 painting;
:*[[Tintoretto|Tintoretto, Jacopo]] - 5 paintings;
:*[[Titian]], (Tiziano Vecelli) - 4 paintings;
:*[[Perino del Vaga|Vaga, Perino del]] - 2 paintings;
:*[[Giorgio Vasari|Vasari, Giorgio]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Palma Vecchio|Vecchio, Palma]] - 2 paintings;
:*[[Paolo Veronese|Veronese, Paolo]] - 3 paintings;
:*[[Antonio Verrio|Verrio, Antonio]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Federico Zuccaro|Zuccaro, Federico]] - 1 painting;
:*[[Francesco Zuccarelli|Zuccarelli, Francesco]] - 27 paintings;
== Trivia ==
{{Trivia|date=June 2008}}
*The "Friends of the Fitzwilliam" was founded in [[1909]] and is the oldest society in Britain devoted to supporting a museum. One of the longest serving members (1935 - 2003) was [[Denys Spittle]] whose collection of manuscripts was exhibited in 2007 under the title "Private Pleasures: Illuminated manuscripts from Persia to Paris".
*In January [[2006]] a visitor, Nick Flynn, who had tripped on his [[shoelace]]s and fallen down a stairway severely damaged three [[Qing Dynasty]] vases which had been displayed there since 1948. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cambridgeshire/4662424.stm] In April 2006 Mr. Flynn was arrested on charges of causing [[criminal damage]]. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cambridgeshire/4878850.stm] Charges against him were later dropped.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cambridgeshire/5098362.stm] The first of the vases was restored by experts and put back on display in August 2006. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cambridgeshire/5252656.stm]
==Directors==
[[Image:HenryMoore RecliningFigure 1951.jpg|thumb|right|A [[Henry Moore]] sculpture outside the museum]]
{{listdev}}
*Timothy Potts, former director of the [[Kimbell Art Museum]] [http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/news/dp/2007060103], 2007-
*[[Duncan Robinson]] 1995-2007
*Simon Swynfen Jervis 1990-1995
*Professor Michael Jaffé 1973-1990
*Sir David Piper 1966-1973
*Carl Winter 1946-1966
*Louis Clarke 1937-1946
*Sir [[Sydney Cockerell]] 1908-1937
*Sir [[Charles Waldstein (archaeologist)|Charles Walston]] 1883-1889
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commonscat|Fitzwilliam Museum}}
*[http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/ Fitzwilliam Museum website]
*[http://www.cam.ac.uk/cambuniv/libmuseums/fm.html University of Cambridge information]
*[http://www.cambridge2000.com/cambridge2000/html/architect_builder/George_Basevi.html External views of the Fitzwilliam Museum]
*[http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/exhibitions/past/fitzwilliam.htm Paintings from The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge] exhibition at the [[National Gallery, London|National Gallery]], [[London]], 2002
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[[Category:1816 establishments]]
[[Category:Art museums and galleries in England]]
[[Category:Museums of the University of Cambridge]]
[[Category:Biographical museums in the United Kingdom]]
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