Frans de Waal
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'''Frans B.M. de Waal''', PhD (born [[29 October]] [[1948]], [['s-Hertogenbosch]]), is a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[psychologist]], [[primatologist]] and [[ethologist]]. He is the [[Charles Howard Candler]] professor of [[Primate]] [[Behavior]] in the [[Emory University]] [[psychology]] department in [[Atlanta, Georgia]], and director of the [[Living Links Center]] at the [[Yerkes National Primate Research Center]]<ref name="MSNBC"> {{cite web |url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20198285/ |title=How did we go from ape to airplane? Scientists turn to chimpanzees to solve the mystery of our cultural roots |accessdate=2007-08-20 |author=Andrea Thompson |date=2007-08-09 |publisher=MSNBC |}} </ref> and author of numerous books including ''Chimpanzee Politics'' and ''Our Inner Ape''. His research centers on primate social behavior, including [[conflict resolution]], [[cooperation]], [[inequity aversion]], and food-sharing. In 1993, he was elected to the [[Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences]], to the [[United States National Academy of Sciences]] in 2004, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, in 2008.
==Education==
In 1977, de Waal received his doctorate in [[biology]] from [[Utrecht University]] after training as a [[zoologist]] and [[ethology|ethologist]]. His dissertation research concerned aggressive behavior and [[Wiktionary:alliance|alliance]] formation in [[macaque]]s.
==Career==
In 1975, de Waal began a six-year project on the world's largest captive colony of [[chimpanzee]]s at the [[Burgers' Zoo|Arnhem Zoo]]. The study resulted in many scientific papers, and resulted in publication of his first book, ''Chimpanzee Politics'', in 1982.
In 1981, he moved to the [[United States]] for a position at the [[Wisconsin National Primate Research Center]], and took his current position at Emory and the [[Yerkes National Primate Research Center]] in 1991.
His research into the innate capacity for [[empathy]] among primates has led de Waal to the conclusion that non-human [[great ape]]s and humans are simply different types of apes, and that there is little difference between these species.
His book, ''Our Inner Ape'', examines human behavior through the eyes of a primatologist, using the behavior of [[common chimpanzee]]s and [[bonobo]]s as [[metaphor]]s for human psychology.
De Waal was named one of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine's most influential 100 people in 2007.
De Waal also works in the field of [[social psychology]]. De Waal is currently on the Editorial Board of Greater Good Magazine, published by the [[Greater Good Science Center]] of the [[University of California, Berkeley]]. His contributions include the interpretation of scientific research into the roots of compassion, altruism, and peaceful human relationships.
Besides being a contributor, de Waal, also has an article on [[Empathy]] in Greater Good magazine. He further writes a column for ''Psychologie'', a popular Dutch monthly magazine.
==Quotes==
"The possibility that empathy resides in parts of the [[brain]] so ancient that we share them with [[rat]]s should give pause to anyone comparing [[politician]]s with those poor, underestimated creatures." {{Fact|date=September 2007}}
"I've argued that many of what philosophers call moral sentiments can be seen in other species. In [[chimpanzee]]s and other animals, you see examples of sympathy, empathy, reciprocity, a willingness to follow social rules. [[Dog]]s are a good example of a species that have and obey social rules; that's why we like them so much, even though they're large [[carnivore]]s." <ref>[http://partners.nytimes.com/library/magazine/home/20010114mag-atheism.html "Confessions of a Lonely Atheist"]</ref>
"To endow animals with human emotions has long been a scientific taboo. But if we do not, we risk missing something fundamental, about both animals and us." from "Are We in Anthropodenial?"
==Selected bibliography==
===Books===
* ''Primates and Philosophers, How Morality Evolved'', 2006. ISBN 0-691-12447-7
* ''[[Our Inner Ape]]''. New York: Riverhead Books, 2005. ISBN 1-57322-312-3
* [http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/DEWANI.html ''Animal Social Complexity: Intelligence, Culture, and Individualized Societies''], Edited with Peter L. Tyack. Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]], 2003. ISBN 0-674-00929-0.
* ''My Family Album, Thirty Years of Primate Photography'' 2003.
* [http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/DEWTRE.html ''Tree of Origin: What Primate Behavior Can Tell Us about Human Social Evolution''], [[Harvard University Press]], 2001. ISBN 0-674-00460-4.
* ''[[The Ape and the Sushi Master|The Ape and the Sushi Master, Cultural reflections by a primatologist]]''. New York: Basic Books, 2001. ISBN 0-465-04175-2
* ''[[Chimpanzee Politics: Power and Sex among Apes]]''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-8018-6336-8.
* ''Natural Conflict Resolution''. 2000 (with Filippo Aureli)
* ''[[Bonobo: The Forgotten Ape]]''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997. ISBN 0-520-20535-9 (with [[Frans Lanting]])
* [http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/DEWGOO.html ''Good Natured: The Origins of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals'']. Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]], 1996. ISBN 0-674-35660-8
* [http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/WRACHI.html ''Chimpanzee Cultures''], Edited with Richard Wrangham, W.C. McGrew, and Paul Heltne. Foreword by Jane Goodall. Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]], 1994. ISBN 0-674-11662-3.
* [http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/DEWPEA.html ''Peacemaking Among Primates'']. Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]], 1989. ISBN 0-674-65920-1
* Chimpanzee Politics.Jonathan Cape, London 1982. ISBN 0-224-01874-4.
===Articles===
* 2006, "[http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/103/45/17053?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=frans+waal&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT Self-recognition in an Asian elephant]", ''[[PNAS]]'', vol 103, no 45, 17053-17057
* 2001, "Do Humans Alone 'Feel Your Pain'?" ([http://chronicle.com/free/v48/i09/09b00701.htm Chronicle.com], [[October 26]] [[2001]])
* 1999, "The End of Nature Versus Nurture", ''[[Scientific American]]'', vol 281, no 6, p 94-99
* 1997, "Are We in Anthropodenial?", ''Discover'', pp. 50–53. July 1997.
* 1995, "[http://songweaver.com/info/bonobos.html Bonobo Sex and Society The behavior of a close relative challenges assumptions about male supremacy in human evolution]", ''[[Scientific American]]'', vol 272, no 3, p 82-88
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.emory.edu/LIVING_LINKS/index.html Living Links Center], currently directed by Frans de Waal
* [http://www.psychology.emory.edu/nab/dewaal/ Emory.edu] - 'Frans B. M. de Waal, C. H. Candler Professor of Primate Behavior', Emory University faculty homepage
* [http://blog.92y.org/index.php/weblog/item/dr_frans_de_waal/ 92Y.org] - 'Talking Primates with Dr. Frans de Waal' ([[August 25]] [[2005]] Blog ]
* [http://www.americanscientist.org/template/ScientistNightstandTypeDetail/assetid/27334 AmericanScientist.org] - 'The Bookshelf talks with Frans de Waal', ''[[American Scientist]]'' (2001)
* [http://www.itconversations.com/shows/detail231.html ITConversations.com] - 'Frans de Waal, Comparative Primatologist' (includes mp3 audio clip; [[October 21]] [[2004]])
* [http://www.paulagordon.com/shows/waal/ PaulaGordon.com] - 'Natural Goodness', Paula Gordon
* [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/102/32/11137 PNAS.org] - 'Profile of Frans B. M. de Waal', Regina Nuzz, ''[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]]'' (PNAS)
* [http://greatergoodmag.org de Waal's editorial contribution to social psychology in Greater Good magazine]
{{Lifetime|1948| |Waal, Frans de}}
[[Category:Dutch biologists]]
[[Category:Dutch psychologists]]
[[Category:Ethologists]]
[[Category:Primatologists]]
[[Category:Members of the National Academy of Sciences|De Waal, Frans]]
[[Category:Utrecht University alumni]]
[[Category:Emory University faculty|De Waal, Frans]]
[[Category:People from Den Bosch]]
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