French Morocco 785698 223614622 2008-07-04T22:04:17Z Lightbot 7178666 Units/dates/other {{Infobox Former Country |native_name = ''Maroc français'' |conventional_long_name = French Morocco |common_name = French Morocco |continent = Africa |region = Western Africa |country = Morocco |era = Interwar period |status = Protectorate |empire = France |life_span = 1912 – 1956 |event_start = Treaty of Fez |year_start = 1912 |date_start = March 30 |event_end = [[Independence]] |year_end = 1956 |date_end = March 2 |event1 = |date_event1 = |event2 = |date_event2 = |event_post = |date_post = |p1 = Morocco |flag_p1 = Sin bandera.svg |s1 = Morocco |flag_s1 = Flag of Morocco.svg |image_flag = Flag of Morocco.svg |flag = Flag of Morocco |image_map = Morocco Protectorate.svg |image_map_caption = Map of Morocco in 1912; the French protectorate is shown in light green. |capital = Rabat |common_languages = [[French language|French]], [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |religion = [[Catholic]], [[Muslim]] |leader1 = Hubert Lyautey |year_leader1 = 1912-25 |leader2 = André Louis Dubois |year_leader2 = 1955-56 |title_leader = [[List of colonial heads of French Morocco|Resident-General]] |representative1 = [[Yusef of Morocco|Yusef]] |year_representative1 = 1912-27 |representative2 = [[Mohammed V of Morocco|Mohammed V]] |year_representative2 = 1927-53 |representative3 = Mohammed Ben Aarafa |year_representative3 = 1953-56 |title_representative = [[List of rulers of Morocco|Sultan]] |deputy1 = |year_deputy1 = |deputy2 = |year_deputy2 = |title_deputy = |currency = [[Moroccan rial]]<br>(1912-1921)<br>[[Moroccan franc]]<br>(1921-1956) |footnotes = }} '''French Morocco''' ([[French language|Fr.]] ''Maroc'') was a [[protectorate]] of [[France]] established by the [[Treaty of Fez]] in what is now the country of [[Morocco]], minus the north which was a Spanish protectorate and [[Western Sahara]]. It existed from 1912, when a [[protectorate]] was formally established, until Moroccan independence ([[2 March]] [[1956]]), and consisted generally of the area of Morocco between [[Fez, Morocco|Fez]] and [[Rabat]] south to [[Mogador]]. French activity in Morocco began during the 19th century; in 1904 France and Spain secretly partitioned the territory of the sultanate, with Spain later creating [[Spanish Morocco]] from its portion. The French minted coinage for use in the Protectorate from 1921 until 1956, which continued to circulate until a new currency was introduced. The French minted coins with denomination of [[franc]]s, which were divided into 100 [[centime]]s. This was replaced in 1974 with the reintroduction of the [[moroccan dirham|dirham]], Morocco's current currency. == Postal history == {{Main|Postal history of Morocco}} A French postal agency had sent [[mail]] from [[Tangier]] as early as 1854, but the formal beginning of the system was in 1891, when French [[post office]]s were established throughout the sultanate. The offices issued [[postage stamp]]s of France [[surcharge]]d with values in [[peseta]]s and [[centimo]]s, at a 1-1 ratio with the denominations in [[French currency]], using both the [[Type Sage]] issues, and after 1902, [[Mouflon issue]] inscribed "MAROC" (which were never officially issued without the surcharge). In 1911, the Mouflon designs were overprinted in [[Arabic language|Arabic]]; in the same year, the [[Sherifian post]] was created to handle local mail, using special stamps. The first stamps of the protectorate appeared [[1 August]] [[1914]], and were just the existing stamps with the additional overprint reading "PROTECTORAT FRANCAIS". The first new designs were in an issue of 1917, consisting of 17 stamps in six designs, denominated in [[centime]]s and [[franc]]s, and inscribed "MAROC". ==Further reading== * {{cite book |last= Gershovich |first= Moshe |coauthors= |title= '''French Military Rule in Morocco: colonialism and its consequences''' |publisher= [[Routledge]] |year= 2000 |month= |id= ISBN 0-7146-4949-X }} {{Former French colonies}} [[Category:States and territories established in 1912]] [[Category:1956 disestablishments]] [[Category:Former colonies of France]] [[Category:History of Morocco]] [[Category:Divided regions|Morocco, French]] [[ar:حماية فرنسا في المغرب]] [[es:Protectorado francés de Marruecos]] [[fr:Maroc français]] [[no:Fransk Marokko]] [[fi:Ranskan Marokko]] [[sv:Franska Marocko]] [[zh:法屬摩洛哥]]