Gauteng 309661 224048052 2008-07-07T02:13:50Z Rjwilmsi 203434 no 'of' between a month and a year per [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_%28dates_and_numbers%29#Longer_periods|MOS]] using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] {{Unreferenced|date=August 2007}} {{CoorHeader|25|58|25|S|28|7|42|E|type:region}} {{Gauteng infobox}} '''Gauteng''' ({{pronEng|xaʊˈtɛŋ}}{{Fact|date=January 2008}}; [[Sotho language|Sotho]] {{IPA2|xɑ́.ú.tʼè.ŋ̀}}) is a [[Provinces of South Africa|province]] of [[South Africa]]. It was formed from part of the old [[Transvaal|Transvaal province]] after South Africa's first all-race elections on [[27 April]] [[1994]]. It was initially named Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging (or PWV) and was renamed Gauteng in December 1994. Situated in the heart of the [[Highveld]], Gauteng is the smallest province in South Africa, with only 1.4% of the land area, but it is highly urbanised and has a population of 8,837,178 ([[South African National Census of 2001|2001]] [[Statistics South Africa|South African National Census]]), the second-largest after [[KwaZulu-Natal Province|KwaZulu-Natal]]. 2005 estimates as put forward by the CSIR Gauteng Spatial Development Perspective suggest, however, that Gauteng has overtaken KwaZulu Natal to become the most populous province in South Africa, with a total of 9.5 million people living there, growing at around 100,000 people every year. KwaZulu Natal's population has been estimated at 9.3 million people. ==Etymology== The name Gauteng comes from the [[Sesotho]] word meaning ''Place of Gold'', the historical Sesotho name for [[Johannesburg]] and surrounding areas referring to the thriving gold industry in the province following the 1886 discovery of gold in Johannesburg. The Sesotho word is in turn a locative derived from the [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]] "goud" (gold) plus the locative suffix "-ng." When properly pronounced, the first letter of the name Gauteng is a [[voiceless velar fricative]], pronounced similarly to the "ch" in the [[German language|German]] "achtung" or Scottish "loch." This pronunciation is natural in both the Sesotho and Afrikaans languages. ==History== Gauteng, formerly known as Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging (PWV), was carved out of the old Transvaal province in 1994. [[Tokyo Sexwale]] was elected as the first premier of the province that same year. Politically, it has been dominated by the ANC throughout its post-apartheid history. ==Law and Government== {{main|Politics of Gauteng}} The current premier, since 1999, is [[Mbhazima Shilowa]] of the [[African National Congress]]. == Geography & Climate == Gauteng's southern border is the [[Vaal River]], which separates it from the [[Free State Province|Free State]]. It also borders on [[North West Province|North West]] to the west, [[Limpopo Province|Limpopo]] to the north, and [[Mpumalanga Province|Mpumalanga]] to the east. Gauteng is the only landlocked province of South Africa without a foreign border. Most of Gauteng is on the [[Highveld]], a high-altitude grassland. Between [[Johannesburg]] and [[Pretoria]] there are low parallel ridges and undulating hills, some part of the [[Magaliesberg]] Mountains and the [[Witwatersrand]]. The north of the province is more [[subtropical]], due to its lower altitude and is mostly dry [[savanna]] habitat. The climate is mostly influenced by altitude. Even though the province is at a [[subtropical]] latitude, the climate is comparatively cooler, especially in [[Johannesburg]], at 1,700m above sea level ([[Pretoria]] is at 1,330m). Most precipitation occurs as brief afternoon thunderstorms, however relative humidity never becomes uncomfortable. Winters are crisp and dry with frost occurring often in the southern areas. Snow is very rare, but has occurred on some occasions in the [[Johannesburg]] metropolitan area. * [[Johannesburg]] averages: January maximum: 26 °C (min: 15 °C), June maximum: 16 °C (min: 4 °C), annual precipitation: 713 mm * [[Pretoria]] averages: January maximum: 29 °C (min: 18 °C), June maximum: 19 °C (min: 5 °C), annual precipitation: 674 mm ===Municipalities=== Gauteng Province is divided into 3 metropolitan [[South African Municipalities|municipalities]], and 3 district municipalities (which are further divided into 9 local municipalities). [http://0-www.demarcation.org.za.innopac.up.ac.za:80/infoIndex.aspx?type=PROVINCE&Prov=Gauteng&frm=home] [[Image:Gauteng municipalities map.svg|350px|left|Map of municipalities of Gauteng]] ====Districts==== * Red: [[City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality]] * Blue: [[City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality]] * Green: [[Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality]] * Magenta: [[Metsweding District Municipality]] * Turquoise: [[Sedibeng District Municipality]] * Yellow: [[West Rand District Municipality]] ====Local municipalities==== # [[Nokeng tsa Taemane Local Municipality]] # [[Kungwini Local Municipality]] # [[District Management Area]] of the [[West Rand District Municipality]] # [[Mogale City Local Municipality]] # [[Randfontein Local Municipality]] # [[Westonaria Local Municipality]] # [[Emfuleni Local Municipality]] # [[Midvaal Local Municipality]] # [[Lesedi Local Municipality]] ''See also: [[List of cities and towns in Gauteng]]'' == Demographics == Gauteng Province is home to 8.8 million people (2001 South African National Census), almost 20% of the total South African population. Gauteng Province is also the fastest growing province, experiencing a population growth of over 20% between the [[South African National Census of 1996|1996]] and 2001 censuses, thus Gauteng is likely to soon have the highest population of any province in South Africa. As of the [[census]] of 2001, there are 8,837,172 people and 2,651,243 households residing in Gauteng. The [[population density]] is 519.53/km². The density of households is 155.86/km². The racial makeup of Gauteng is [[black people|Black]] 73.81%, [[Whites|White]] 19.90%, [[Coloured]] 3.82%, [[Asians in South Africa|Indian]]/Asian 2.47%. 22.1% of all households are made up of individuals. The average household size is 3.33. The province's age distribution was 23.6% under the age of 15, 19.6% from 15 to 24, 37.9% from 25 to 44, 15.0% from 45 to 64, and 4.0% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 27 years. For every 100 females there are 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 102.3 males.[[Image:ZA Gauteng language.gif|thumb|right|360px|Geographical distribution of home languages in the province.]] In the province, 14.4% of residents speak [[Afrikaans]] at home, 12.5% speak [[English language|English]], 1.9% speak [[IsiNdebele]], 7.6% speak [[IsiXhosa]], 21.5% speak [[IsiZulu]], 10.7% speak [[Sepedi]], 13.1% speak [[Sesotho]], 8.4% speak [[Setswana]], 1.4% speak [[SiSwati]], 1.7% speak [[Tshivenda]], and 5.7% speak [[Xitsonga]]. 1.0% of the population speaks a non-official language at home. 76.0% of residents are [[Christianity|Christian]], 18.4% have [[Atheism|no religion]], 1.7% are [[Islam|Muslim]], 0.5% are [[Judaism|Jewish]], and 0.8% are [[Hinduism|Hindu]]. 2.6% have other or undetermined beliefs. 8.4% of residents aged 20 and over have received no schooling, 11.2% have had some [[primary school]], 5.5% have completed only primary school, 34.3% have had some [[high school]] education, 28.0% have finished only high school, and 12.6% have an education higher than the high school level. Overall, 40.6% of residents have completed high school. 56.1% of housing units have a [[telephone]] and/or [[cell-phone]] in the dwelling, 41.5% have access to a phone nearby, and 2.3% have access that is not nearby or no access. 82.8% of households have a flush or chemical [[toilet]]. 84.2% have [[refuse]] removed by the municipality at least once a week and 2.6% have no rubbish disposal. 47.2% have running water inside their dwelling, 83.6% have running water on their property, and 97.5% have access to running water. 73.2% of households use [[electricity]] for cooking, 70.4% for heating, and 80.8% for lighting. 77.4% of households have a [[radio]], 65.7% have a [[television]], 15.1% own a [[computer]], 62.1% have a [[refrigerator]], and 45.1% have a [[cell-phone]]. 25.8% of the population aged 15-65 is unemployed. Of the unemployed persons, 92.4% are Black, 3.3% are Coloured, 0.8% are Indian/Asian, and 3.5% are White. 32.2% of Blacks are unemployed, 23.6% of Coloureds, 8.1% of Indians/Asians, and 4.6% of Whites. The median annual income of working adults aged 15-65 is R 23 539 ($3,483). Males have a median annual income of R 24 977 ($3,696) versus R 20 838 ($3,083) for females. The median annual income by race is R 15 399 ($2,279) for Blacks, R 33 448 ($4,949) for Coloureds, R 57 036 ($8,440) for Indians/Asians, and R 73 438 ($10,867) for Whites. The annual income distribution in Gauteng Province is: *No income 2.0% *R 12 – R 4,800 ($2 - $721) 6.4% *R 4,812 – R 9,600 ($723 - $1,443) 13.0% *R 9,612 – R 19,200 ($1,445 – $2,886) 24.0% *R 19,212 – R 38,400 ($2,888 - $5,772) 20.4% *R 38,412 – R 76,800 ($5,774 - $11,543) 15.8% *R 76,812 – R 153,600 ($11,545 - $23,087) 10.4% *R 153,612 – R 307,200 ($23,089 - $46,174) 5.0% *R 307,212 – R 614,400 ($46,176 - $92,348) 1.8% *R 614,412 or more ($92,350+) 1.1% [http://www.statssa.gov.za/census01/Census/Database/Census%202001/Census%202001.asp Statistics South Africa Census 2001] == Economy == Gauteng is considered the [[Economic system|economic]] hub of South Africa and contributes heavily in the financial, manufacturing, transport, technology and [[telecommunications]] sectors, amongst others. It also plays host to a large number of overseas companies requiring a commercial base in and gateway to Africa. Although Gauteng is the smallest of South Africa's nine provinces - it covers only 1.4% of the country's total land area - it contributes 33.9% of its gross domestic product (GDP). Indeed Gauteng generates 10% of the GDP of the entire African continent<ref>http://www.geda.co.za/</ref>. ==Future growth== [[Image:Gauteng-logo.jpg|right]] Gauteng is growing rapidly, due to mass urbanisation that is a feature of many developing countries. According to the State of the Cities Report, the urban portion of Gauteng - comprised primarily of the cities of Johannesburg, Ekurhuleni (the East Rand) and Tshwane (greater Pretoria) - will be a polycentric urban region with a projected population of some 14.6 million people by 2015, making it one of the largest cities in the world. AIDS may however negate this projection. This rapid growth has brought with it both opportunities and challenges. As a global focal point, with access to the Southern African hinterland, Gauteng has the ability to link the world to a population approximately the same size as the United States. It is fast becoming to sub-Saharan Africa what the Eastern Seaboard megalopolis is to America. But this also presents some formidable obstacles, most notably the ability to provide access to basic amenities such as electricity and potable water. Transport is also a major problem, and Johannesburg, as the core of Gauteng, is beginning to experience the heavy traffic problems of cities such as Los Angeles and Bangkok. The [[Gautrain]] Rapid Rail Link is an attempt to remedy this problem, by providing efficient high-speed rail between [[Pretoria]], [[Sandton]], [[Johannesburg]] and [[OR Tambo International Airport]]; completion due 2010. Government inability to deal with corruption adds to the problem of a region already bursting at the seams with illegal immigrants. These refugees from the rest of Africa flood into the economic hub of Southern Africa seeking a better life. They bring with them the legacies of the countries they are fleeing. It remains to be seen if this region can continue to play saviour to the people of other African states, without negatively being affected. In May and June 2008 Gauteng, along with other provinces within South Africa, saw extremely violent [[Xenophobic]] attacks on foreigners. The instigating factors of these attacks have been largely attirbuted to the South African Government's inability to deal with the massive influx of foreign nationals and its poor service delivery. == Education == Gauteng is a centre of learning in South Africa, and it has many universities and other schools of higher learning. * [[Medical University of South Africa]] * [[Tshwane University of Technology]] (Formed after [[Technikon Pretoria]], [[Technikon Northern Gauteng]], and [[Technikon North-West]] merged) * [[University of Johannesburg]] (Formed after [[Rand Afrikaans University]], some Johannesburg campuses of [[Vista University]] and [[Technikon Witwatersrand]] merged) * [[University of Pretoria]] * [[University of South Africa]]: Also known as UNISA and incorporating the [[Technikon South Africa]] and the distance learning unit of [[Vista University]] * [[Vaal University of Technology]]: Previously known as Vaal Triangle Technikon * [[University of the Witwatersrand]] * [[Monash South Africa|Monash University South Africa Campus]] Gauteng Department of Education has embarked on a project to provide fully functional ICT laboratories to all public schools in Gauteng. The name of this project is Gauteng OnLine == Conservation == Although Gauteng province is dominated by the urban areas of Johannesburg and Pretoria, it has some beautiful nature reserves: * [[Marievale Bird Sanctuary]] * [[Abe Bailey Nature Reserve]] * [[Kromdraai Conservancy]] * [[Roodeplaat Nature Reserve]] * [[Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve]] == Sport and recreation == The National sport of South Africa is best considered soccer as it very popular in both white and black communities. [[Rugby football|Rugby]], or more accurately [[rugby union]], is also a popular sport in South Africa, and in Gauteng in particular. Two rugby teams from Gauteng participate in the Southern Hemisphere [[Super 14]] championship: the [[Pretoria]]-based [[Bulls (rugby franchise)|Bulls]], and the [[Johannesburg]]-based [[Lions (rugby franchise)|Lions]] (previously the Cats). Three Gauteng-based teams play in the country's domestic competition, the [[Currie Cup]]: the [[Blue Bulls]] from Pretoria, the [[Golden Lions]] from Johannesburg and the [[Falcons (rugby team)|Falcons]] from the [[East Rand, Gauteng|East Rand]]. Other popular sports include Cricket and Tennis. Walking and Hiking are also popular in Gauteng. But high crime rates and urban neglect have made it difficult and often dangerous to walk in the parks and greenbelts. For more info on walking in Gauteng, have a look at [http://www.dogwalk.co.za/ Gauteng Dogwalks] homepage - it has photos, maps and more info on getting people safely back into the province's parks. There are some interesting tourist attractions too: the [[Sterkfontein]] caves, and the [[Wonder Cave Kromdraai]] are in the [[Cradle of Humankind]] [[World Heritage Site]]. [[Football (soccer)|Football]] is also popular in South Africa. Several teams from Gauteng play in the [[Premier Soccer League (South Africa)|Premier Soccer League]] (PSL), including [[Kaizer Chiefs Football Club|Kaizer Chiefs]] and [[Orlando Pirates Football Club|Orlando Pirates]]. ''See also: [[Vodacom Cup]]'' ==See also== *[[PWV]] == References == {{reflist}} == External links == *[http://www.anc.org.za/anc/newsbrief/1994/news1209] [[African National Congress|ANC]] news briefing about the selection of the name ''Gauteng'' in December 1994, and the arguments that preceded this decision. *[http://www.gpg.gov.za/ Gauteng Provincial Government] homepage. *[http://www.gauteng.net/ Gauteng Tourism Authority] homepage. *[http://www.statssa.gov.za/ South Africa Statistics] including the 2001 census figures. *[http://www.gautenghappenings.co.za/ Gautenghappenings] homepage. *[http://internetcafedirectory.co.za/component/option,com_mtree/task,listcats/cat_id,42/Itemid,26/ Gauteng Internet Cafe directory] {{Gauteng province}} {{Provinces_of_South_Africa}} [[Category:Gauteng Province| ]] [[Category:Provinces of South Africa]] [[af:Gauteng]] [[ar:غاوتينج]] [[bg:Гаутенг]] [[ca:Gauteng]] [[da:Gauteng]] [[de:Gauteng]] [[et:Gauteng]] [[es:Gauteng]] [[eo:Ĥaŭtengo]] [[fr:Gauteng]] [[id:Gauteng]] [[zu:IGauteng]] [[it:Gauteng]] [[sw:Gauteng]] [[la:Chrysotopia]] [[lt:Gautengas]] [[mk:Гаутенг]] [[nl:Gauteng]] [[ja:ハウテン州]] [[no:Gauteng]] [[nn:Gauteng]] [[nov:Gauteng]] [[pl:Gauteng]] [[pt:Gauteng]] [[tn:Gauteng]] [[sk:Gauteng]] [[sr:Хаутенг]] [[fi:Gauteng]] [[sv:Gauteng]] [[ve:Gauteng]] [[vo:Kautiän]] [[zh:豪登省]]