Gazi Yasargil 1350792 219511182 2008-06-15T16:01:47Z 130.60.68.45 {{Infobox Medical Person |image=Replace this image male.svg <!-- only free-content images are allowed for depicting living people - see [[WP:NONFREE]] --> | |name =Mahmut Gazi Yaşargil ||box_width = ||image_width = |caption = |birth_date ={{birth date and age|1925|07|06}} |birth_place ={{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Diyarbakır]], [[Turkey]] |death_date = |death_place = |profession =[[Surgeon]] |specialism =[[Neurosurgery]], [[Microneurosurgery]] |research_field =[[microvascular surgery]]<br> [[Cerebrovascular disease]] |known_for =Founding Microneurosurgery |years_active =1950-present |education =[[Ankara University]], [[Basel University]] |work_institutions =[[University of Vermont]]<br> [[University of Zurich]]<br>[[University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences]] |prizes = |relations = }} '''Mahmut Gazi Yaşargil''' is a [[Turkey|Turkish]] [[Medicine|medical]] [[scientist]] and [[Neurosurgery|neurosurgeon]] (born on [[July 6]], [[1925]] in Lice, [[Diyarbakır]], Turkey.) He is the founder of [[microneurosurgery]]. Yaşargil treated [[epilepsy]] and [[brain tumor]]s with instruments of his own design. From [[1953]] until his retirement in [[1993]] he was first resident, chief resident and then professor and chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery, [[University of Zurich]] and the Zurich University Hospital. In [[1999]] he was honored as "Neurosurgery’s Man of the Century 1950-1999" at the Congress of Neurological Surgeons Annual Meeting. ==Education and career== After attending [[Ankara Atatürk Lisesi]] and [[Ankara University]] in [[Ankara]], Turkey between [[1931]] and [[1943]], he went to Germany to study medicine at the [[Friedrich Schiller University of Jena]], [[Germany]] in January [[1944]]. Yaşargil's education was forced to end because of the problems arisen during the end of the [[World War II]]. He left Germany in May [[1945]] to continue his study at the Medical School of the [[Basel University]], [[Switzerland]].Gazi Yaşargil received his [[Doctor of Medicine]] degree in March [[1950]] from this university. After some time as resident in the Psychiatric Department at the [[University of Berne]] in [[Munsingen]], [[Bern]], he finally committed to a career in [[neurosurgery]], spending a requisite year as [[internal medicine]] resident and another studying [[general surgery]] at the Hospital in [[Interlaken]] and then later a short time as a researcher in [[brain]] [[anatomy]] in the Department of Anatomy at the University of Basel. In January [[1953]], he began his residency in Neurosurgery at the [[University of Zurich]], under Professor [[Hugo Krayenbuhl]]. Yaşargil was chief resident from [[1957]] to [[1965]] at the University Hospital in Zurich. In [[1960]], Yaşargil became [[Privatdozent]] and in [[1965]] he was appointed as [[assistant professor]]. From [[1965]] to [[1967]] he carried out research in [[microvascular surgery]] at the Department of Neurosurgery, [[University of Vermont]], [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]], [[United States|U.S.]] under Professor R.M. [[Peardon Donaghy]], where he learned microsurgical techniques in the animal laboratory. After returning to Zurich, he performed the first [[brain|cerebral]] [[blood vessel|vascular]] bypass surgery using the surgical microscope on [[October 30]], [[1967]], launching himself into the limelight of the neurosurgical world where he has remained since. Dissatisfied with the available macrosurgical techniques and encouraged by colleagues such as Donaghy and Krayenbuhl, Yaşargil possessed the ingenuity to take advantage of and further improve emerging technologies such as [[angiography]] to develop microsurgery. To enable the advancement of microsurgical techniques, he created innovative instrumentation, such as the [[floating microscope]], the self-retaining adjustable retractor, microsurgical instruments, and ergonomic [[aneurysm]] clips and appliers. His genius in developing microsurgical techniques for use in [[Cerebrovascular disease|cerebrovascular]] neurosurgery transformed the outcomes of patients with conditions that were previously inoperable. In [[1969]] Yaşargil became [[associate professor]] and in [[1973]] [[professor]] and chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery, [[University of Zurich]] succeeding his mentor, Prof. Krayenbuhl. Over the next 20 years, he carried out laboratory work and clinical applications of micro techniques, performing 7500 [[brain|intracranial]] operations in Zurich until his retirement in [[1993]]. In [[1994]], Yaşargil accepted an appointment as Professor of Neurosurgery at the College of Medicine, [[University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences]] in [[Little Rock]] where he is still active in the practice of micro-neurosurgery, research, and teaching. Together with [[Harvey Cushing]], Yaşargil is hailed as one of the greatest neurosurgeons of the twentieth century. He has helped three generations of neurosurgeons, defining what is possible in neurosurgery, and then demonstrating how to achieve it. In the micro-neurosurgical anatomical laboratory in Zurich he trained around 3000 colleagues from all continents and representing all surgical specialties. He participated in several hundred national and international neurosurgical congresses, symposia, and courses as an invited guest. Yaşargil is in high regard in the Turkish society and is respected as an exemplary role model for Turkish youth. He is married to Dianne Bader-Gibson Yaşargil, who was the [[nurse]] in charge of the operating suite by his side since 1973, and is still assisting him in surgery. ==Publications== Yaşargil published his surgical experiences in 330 papers and 7 monographs. The six-volume publication ''Microneurosurgery'' (1984-1996, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart-New York) is the comprehensive review of his broad experiences and a major contribution to the neurosurgery literature. ==Membership== * 1973-1975 President of the Neurosurgical Society of Switzerland ==Honorary Degrees== === Honorary Doctor=== * 1990 Ankara University, Medical Department of İbni Sina, Ankara, Turkey * 1991 İstanbul University, Medical Department of Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey * 1999 University of Lima, Peru * 2000 Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey * 2001 Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing and Xian, China * 2002 Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, Germany ===Honorary Professor=== * 1993 University of Zurich, Switzerland * 2003 19th May University [[Samsun]], Turkey ===Honorary Citizen=== * 1975 [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], [[Texas]], USA * 1992 [[Ürgüp]], Turkey * 1999 [[Rosario]], [[Argentina]] ===Honorary Membership=== * 1976 Academia Brasileira de Neurocirurgia * 1977 Society of Neurological Surgeons, USA * 1979 American Heart Association, Dallas, Texas, USA (Honorary Fellow) * 1981 Canadian Neurosurgical Society *1986 [http://www.cns.org| Congress of Neurological Surgeons] *1987 Japan Neurosurgical Society *1989 American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Harvey Cushing Society *1989 Swiss Society of Neuroradiology *1990 Royal Society of Medicine, London, Section of Neurology *1990 Turkish Neurosurgical Society *1990 International Skull Base Society *1993 Swiss Neurosurgical Society *1994 Argentine Neurosurgical Society *1998 American Society of Neuroradiology *1998 Turkish Academy of Sciences *1999 Peruvian Neurosurgical Society *2000 Italian Neurosurgical Society *2002 Hong Kong Neurosurgical Society *2003 Rocky Mountain Neurosurgical Society, USA *2003 Mexican Society of Neurological Surgery *2006 Sociedade Portuguesa de Neurocirurgia ==Awards== *[[1957]] Vogt-Award of the Swiss Ophthalmological Society *1968 Robert-Bing-Prize of Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences *1976 Marcel-Benoit-Prize of Swiss Federation *1980 “Neurosurgeon of the Year” *1981 Pioneer Microsurgeon Award of the International Microsurgical Society, Sydney, Australia *1988 Medal of Honor of Universita di Napoli e della Compagna Naples, Italy *1992 Medical Award of the Republic of Turkey *1997 Gold Medal of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies *1998 Distinguished Faculty Scholar, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences *1998 Honored as “Neurosurgeon of the Century” by the Brazilian Neurosurgical Society *1999 European Association of Neurological Surgeons Medal of Honor *1999 Honored as "Neurosurgery’s Man of the Century 1950-1999" by the journal ''Neurosurgery'' at the Congress of Neurological Surgeons Annual Meeting *2000 Fedor Krause Medal, German Neurosurgical Society *2000 Honorary Fellowship of the American College of Surgeons *2000 Medal of the Republic of Turkey *2000 Award of the Turkish Academy of Sciences *2002 International Francesco Durante Award, Italy == Trivia == * Widely acclaimed poet [[Can Yucel]] and Gazi Yaşargil have been best friends during their years in [[Ankara Atatürk Lisesi]]. *Yaşargil's education in Germany was financed by the Ministry of Education with the help of [[Hasan Ali Yucel]], then-Minister of Education and the father of [[Can Yücel]], acclaimed poet and Yaşargil's best friend. Yucel had refused to send his son [[Can Yucel]] abroad, saying that doing so would be misuse of his office. After seeing his father's position on this issue, Can Yucel had given the money he saved for his education abroad to Yaşargil. == External links == *[http://www.neurosurgery-online.com/pt/re/neurosurg/abstract.00006123-199911000-00010.htm;jsessionid=CXPf5ltt1NNDDiEez5y8hqap2Mr2x44rOJ3k7Erx5vY9vNwHDFxj!-710276437!-949856032!9001!-1 M. Gazi Yasargil:Neurosurgery's Man of the Century.] - biographi article featured in [[Neurosurgery (journal)]]. ''45(5):1010, November 1999'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Yasargil, Gazi}} [[Category:1925 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Neurosurgeons]] [[Category:People associated with the University of Zurich]] [[Category:People from Diyarbakır]] [[Category:Turkish medical researchers]] [[Category:Turkish scientists]] [[Category:Turkish surgeons]] [[tr:Gazi Yaşargil]]