Georgios Papanikolaou
155030
222155587
2008-06-27T20:44:24Z
65.198.74.44
/* References */
{{Infobox Scientist
|name = Georgios Papanikolaou
|box_width = 300px
|image = Georgios Papanikolaou bust Athens.jpg|30px
|image_width = 50px
|caption = Georgios Papanikolaou's bust in Athens.
|birth_date = [[May 13]], [[1883]]
|birth_place = [[Kymi|Kimi]], [[Euboea|Evia]], [[Greece]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1962|2|19|1883|5|13}}
|death_place = [[New Jersey]], [[USA]]
|residence = USA
|nationality = Greek, American
|ethnicity = Greek
|field = [[Pathologist]]
|work_institutions = [[Cornell University]]</br>[[New York Hospital]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Athens]]</br>[[University of Munich]]
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for = [[Cytology]]</br>[[Pap smear]]
|author_abbrev_bot =
|author_abbrev_zoo =
|prizes =
|religion =
|footnotes =
}}
'''Georgios N. Papanikolaou''' (or '''George Papanicolaou'''; {{lang-el|'''Γεώργιος Παπανικολάου'''}}) ([[May 13]], [[1883]]–[[February 19]], [[1962]]) was born at [[Kymi|Kimi]] on the island of [[Euboea|Evia]], in [[Greece]]. He was a pioneer in [[cytology]] and early cancer detection.
He studied at the [[University of Athens]] where he received his medical degree in 1904. Six years later he received his Ph.D. from the University of [[Munich]], [[Germany]]. In 1913 he emigrated to the U.S. in order to work in the department of [[Pathology]] of [[New York Hospital]] and the Department of [[Anatomy]] at the [[Weill Cornell Medical College|Weill Medical College]] of [[Cornell University]]. He first reported that uterine cancer could be diagnosed by means of a vaginal smear in 1928, but the importance of his work was not recognized until the publication, together with [[Herbert Traut]], of 'Diagnosis of Uterine Cancer by the Vaginal Smear' in 1943. The book discusses the preparation of the vaginal and cervical smear, physiologic cytologic changes during the [[menstrual cycle]], effect of various pathological conditions, and the changes seen in the presence of [[cancer]] of the [[cervix]] and the [[endometrium]] of the [[uterus]]. He thus became known for his invention of Papanicolaou's test, now known as the [[Pap smear]] or Pap test, which is used worldwide for the detection and prevention of [[cervical cancer]] and other cytologic diseases of the female [[reproductive system]].
In 1961 he moved to Miami to develop the Papanicolaou Cancer Research Institute at the [[University of Miami]], but died in 1962 prior to its opening.
Dr. Papanicolaou was a recipient of the [[Lasker Award]].
He was featured on the 10000 drachma note.
==References==
* Papanicolaou G.N, Traut H.F. Diagnosis of Uterine Cancer by the Vaginal Smear. New York, [[The Commonwealth Fund]], 1943.
* Speert H. Obstetric and Gynecologic Milestones. New York, 1958. The MacMillan Company. Page 285-291.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Papanikolaou, Georgios}}
[[Category:1883 births]]
[[Category:1962 deaths]]
[[Category:University of Athens alumni]]
[[Category:Cornell University faculty]]
[[Category:Greek academics]]
[[Category:Greek physicians]]
[[Category:Greek-Americans]]
[[Category:Oncologists]]
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