Georgios Papanikolaou 155030 222155587 2008-06-27T20:44:24Z 65.198.74.44 /* References */ {{Infobox Scientist |name = Georgios Papanikolaou |box_width = 300px |image = Georgios Papanikolaou bust Athens.jpg|30px |image_width = 50px |caption = Georgios Papanikolaou's bust in Athens. |birth_date = [[May 13]], [[1883]] |birth_place = [[Kymi|Kimi]], [[Euboea|Evia]], [[Greece]] |death_date = {{death date and age|1962|2|19|1883|5|13}} |death_place = [[New Jersey]], [[USA]] |residence = USA |nationality = Greek, American |ethnicity = Greek |field = [[Pathologist]] |work_institutions = [[Cornell University]]</br>[[New York Hospital]] |alma_mater = [[University of Athens]]</br>[[University of Munich]] |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = [[Cytology]]</br>[[Pap smear]] |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |prizes = |religion = |footnotes = }} '''Georgios N. Papanikolaou''' (or '''George Papanicolaou'''; {{lang-el|'''Γεώργιος Παπανικολάου'''}}) ([[May 13]], [[1883]]&ndash;[[February 19]], [[1962]]) was born at [[Kymi|Kimi]] on the island of [[Euboea|Evia]], in [[Greece]]. He was a pioneer in [[cytology]] and early cancer detection. He studied at the [[University of Athens]] where he received his medical degree in 1904. Six years later he received his Ph.D. from the University of [[Munich]], [[Germany]]. In 1913 he emigrated to the U.S. in order to work in the department of [[Pathology]] of [[New York Hospital]] and the Department of [[Anatomy]] at the [[Weill Cornell Medical College|Weill Medical College]] of [[Cornell University]]. He first reported that uterine cancer could be diagnosed by means of a vaginal smear in 1928, but the importance of his work was not recognized until the publication, together with [[Herbert Traut]], of 'Diagnosis of Uterine Cancer by the Vaginal Smear' in 1943. The book discusses the preparation of the vaginal and cervical smear, physiologic cytologic changes during the [[menstrual cycle]], effect of various pathological conditions, and the changes seen in the presence of [[cancer]] of the [[cervix]] and the [[endometrium]] of the [[uterus]]. He thus became known for his invention of Papanicolaou's test, now known as the [[Pap smear]] or Pap test, which is used worldwide for the detection and prevention of [[cervical cancer]] and other cytologic diseases of the female [[reproductive system]]. In 1961 he moved to Miami to develop the Papanicolaou Cancer Research Institute at the [[University of Miami]], but died in 1962 prior to its opening. Dr. Papanicolaou was a recipient of the [[Lasker Award]]. He was featured on the 10000 drachma note. ==References== * Papanicolaou G.N, Traut H.F. Diagnosis of Uterine Cancer by the Vaginal Smear. New York, [[The Commonwealth Fund]], 1943. * Speert H. Obstetric and Gynecologic Milestones. New York, 1958. The MacMillan Company. Page 285-291. {{DEFAULTSORT:Papanikolaou, Georgios}} [[Category:1883 births]] [[Category:1962 deaths]] [[Category:University of Athens alumni]] [[Category:Cornell University faculty]] [[Category:Greek academics]] [[Category:Greek physicians]] [[Category:Greek-Americans]] [[Category:Oncologists]] [[de:George Nicolas Papanicolaou]] [[el:Γεώργιος Παπανικολάου]] [[es:Georgios Papanicolaou]] [[fr:Georgios Papanicolaou]] [[ga:George Nicolas Papanicolaou]] [[it:Georgios Papanicolaou]] [[nl:Georgios Papanikolaou]] [[pt:Georgios Papanikolaou]]