Gluteus medius muscle
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{{Muscle infobox |
Name = Gluteus medius|
Latin = |
GraySubject = 128 |
GrayPage = 474 |
Image = Posterior Hip Muscles 3.PNG |
Caption = The gluteus medius and nearby muscles |
Image2 = Gluteus medius muscle.PNG|
Caption2 = Muscles of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions with origin and insertion of gluteus medius muscle labeled|
Origin = Gluteal surface of [[ilium (bone)|ilium]], under [[gluteus maximus]] |
Insertion = [[Greater trochanter]] of the [[femur]]|
Blood = [[superior gluteal artery]]|
Nerve = [[superior gluteal nerve]] (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) |
Action = [[anatomical terms of location|abduction]] of the [[hip]]; preventing [[anatomical terms of location|adduction]] of the hip. [[Medial rotation]] of [[thigh]]. |
Antagonist = [[lateral rotator group]] |
MeshName = |
MeshNumber = |
DorlandsPre = |
DorlandsSuf = |
}}
The '''gluteus medius''', one of the three [[gluteal muscles]], is a broad, thick, radiating muscle, situated on the outer surface of the [[pelvis]].
Its posterior third is covered by the [[gluteus maximus]], its anterior two-thirds by the [[gluteal aponeurosis]], which separates it from the [[superficial fascia]] and integument.
==Relations==
A [[bursa (anatomy)|bursa]] separates the tendon of the muscle from the surface of the trochanter over which it glides.
==Origin and insertion==
It arises from the outer surface of the [[ilium (bone)|ilium]] between the [[iliac crest]] and [[posterior gluteal line]] above, and the [[anterior gluteal line]] below; it also arises from the [[gluteal aponeurosis]] covering its outer surface.
The fibers converge to a strong flattened [[tendon]], which is inserted into the oblique ridge which runs downward and forward on the lateral surface of the [[greater trochanter]].
==Action==
The Glutæi medius and minimus abduct the thigh when the limb is extended but are principally called into action in supporting the body on one limb, in conjunction with the [[Tensor fasciæ latæ]].
Their anterior fibers, by drawing the greater trochanter forward, rotate the thigh inward, in which action they are also assisted by the Tensor fasciæ latæ. When the hip is flexed to ninety degrees however the glutæi medius aids in rotating the thigh outwards.
==Variations==
The posterior border may be more or less closely united to the [[piriformis]], or some of the fibers end on its tendon.
The posterior fibres of gluteus medius contract to produce hip extension, lateral rotation and abduction. During gait, the posterior fibres help to decelerate internal rotation of the femur at the end of swing phase.
==Additional images==
<gallery>
Image:Gray235.png|Right hip bone. External surface.
Image:Gray245.png|Right femur. Posterior surface.
Image:Gray344.png|Structures surrounding right hip-joint.
Image:Gray544.png|The arteries of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions.
Image:Gray832.png|Nerves of the right lower extremity Posterior view.
Image:Gray1211.png|Surface anatomy of the back.
</gallery>
==See also==
* [[Trendelenburg gait]]
==External links==
* {{GPnotebook|-200933297}}
* {{MuscleLoyola|glmd}}
* {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|13|st|04|04}}
* {{ViennaCrossSection|pelvis/pelvis-e12-15}}
{{Gray's}}
{{Muscles of lower limb}}
{{muscle-stub}}
[[Category:Muscles of the gluteus]]
[[cs:Střední sval hýžďový]]
[[de:Musculus gluteus medius]]
[[es:Glúteo medio]]
[[fr:Muscle moyen glutéal]]
[[hr:Srednji stražnjični mišić]]
[[he:שריר העכוז האמצעי]]
[[it:Medio gluteo]]
[[ja:中殿筋]]
[[pl:Mięsień pośladkowy średni]]
[[la:Musculus gluteus medius]]
[[fi:Keskimmäinen pakaralihas]]