Graffiti (Palm OS)
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2008-07-05T11:50:45Z
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Transcriber is not Graffiti or another glyph-recognition program, it's handwriting recognition.
{{otheruses|Graffiti (disambiguation)}}
'''Graffiti''' is the [[handwriting recognition]] software used in [[Personal Digital Assistant|PDA]]s based on the [[Palm OS]]. Graffiti was originally written by [[Palm, Inc.]] as the recognition system for [[GEOS]]-based devices such as HP's [[OmniGo]] 120 or the Magic Cap-line and was available as an alternate recognition system for the [[Apple Newton]] MessagePad, when NewtonOS 1.0 couldn't recognize handwriting very well at all. Graffiti also runs on the [[Windows Mobile]] platform, where it is called "Block Recognizer", and on the [[Symbian]] [[UIQ]] platform as the default recognizer and was available for Casio's Zoomer PDA.
[[Image:Palm Graffiti gestures.png|right|thumb|Gestures used by original Palm OS handheld computers|Gestures used by original Palm OS handheld computers]] The software is based primarily on a [[neography]] of upper-case characters that can be drawn blindly with a stylus on a touch-sensitive panel. Since the user typically cannot see the character as it is being drawn, complexities have been removed from four of the most difficult letters. "A'" "F", "K" and "T" all are drawn without any need to match up a cross-stroke.
At least one alternative to Graffiti has been developed by Professor [[Ken Perlin]] at [[New York University]].<ref>[http://mrl.nyu.edu/~perlin/demos/quikwriting.html Quikwriting: an alternative to Graffiti]</ref>
==Lawsuit==
The original Graffiti system was the subject of a lawsuit from [[Xerox]], claiming it violated Xerox's patent relating to its ''Unistrokes'' technology ({{US patent|5596656}}, granted in 1997). The Unistrokes technology was invented at the [[Xerox PARC|Palo Alto Research Center]] (PARC) by David Goldberg. Palm got a demonstration of Unistrokes from PARC before they created their Graffiti system. During the original case, a court ruled that Palm violated Xerox's patent and ordered them to discontinue use of the original Graffiti system in further versions of its Palm OS software, which Palm did. It replaced the original Graffiti system with a licensed variant of the Jot system from [[CIC]], which Palm refers to as [[Graffiti 2]]. It differs from the original Graffiti system in various ways, though it does recognize some of the original keystrokes (except the input method for punctuation and "i", "k", "q", "t").
Palm later appealed the original court ruling both on the claim it violated Xerox's patent and as to the validity of the patent in the first place. An appeals court ruled in favor of Xerox with regard to the original ruling that Palm had violated its patent but sent the case back down to the lower court to decide whether the patent was valid to begin with. In 2004, a judge ruled in favor of Palm, saying Xerox's patent was not valid on the basis that ''"prior art references anticipate and render obvious the claim."'' <ref>[http://www.theregister.com/2004/05/24/palm_vs_xerox/ PalmOne overturns Xerox Graffiti patent], ''[[The Register]]'', 2004-05-24</ref> Xerox appealed the ruling.<ref>[http://www.technewsworld.com/story/software/33999.html Xerox To Appeal PalmOne Ruling], TechNewsWorld, 2004-05-25</ref> and won, obtaining $US22.5 million in retrospective licensing fees.
Palm and Xerox agreed to not sue each other for seven years over certain patents, without specifying which patents. <ref>[http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,19669443-26199,00.html Xerox collects from PalmOS], ''[[The Australian]]'', [[July 4]], [[2006]] </ref>
==User acceptance==
Within the Palm community, the original Graffiti has maintained a loyal following. Many users of later Palm devices have found ways to "hack" their PDA's in order to keep using Graffiti 1, which is no longer supported by Palm. Various third-party applications for Palm devices also seek to emulate the style of the original Graffiti.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==See also==
* [[Graffiti 2]]
==External links==
* [http://www.palminfocenter.com/news/5830/howto-replace-graffiti-2-with-original-graffiti/ Howto: Replace Graffiti 2 with Original Graffiti]
[[Category:Computing input devices]]
[[Category:Personal digital assistant software]]
[[Category:Pointing-device text input]]
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