Greek and Latin roots in English 3620462 226072583 2008-07-16T18:30:33Z Mild Bill Hiccup 5202324 /* E */ examples The following is an alphabetical list of '''[[Greek language|Greek]] and [[Latin]] roots''' commonly used in English. Those used in medicine and medical terminology are not listed here but instead in Wikipedia's [[List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes]]. <!--Note that roots taken from Ancient Greek are shaded in blue background whereas roots taken from Latin are unshaded. (NOT YET) --> {{AlphanumericTOC| align=center| nobreak=| numbers=| top=|}} ===A=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''a-''', '''ab-''', '''abs-''' | from, away from, away, different from, separated from | Latin | ''ab'' "away", from Greek ''apo'' "away" | [abridged]], absorb, abnormal, abrasion, abstract |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''a-, an-''' (related cognate prefix '''un-''') | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> not, without | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek ''α-/αν-'' "a-/an" "not" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> atypical, ahistorical |- | '''ac-''', '''ak-''', '''acu-''' | sharp | Latin | ''acutus'' past participle of ''acuere'' "to sharpen", from ''acus'' "needle" | [[acid]], [[acupunture]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''acr-''', '''acro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> height, summit, tip | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek ''άκρος'' ''ákros'' "high", "extreme" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[acrophobia]] [[acrobat]], [[acronym]] [[acromegalia]] |- | '''ad-''' (related cognate prefixes '''a-''', '''ac-''', '''af-''', '''ag-''', '''al-''', '''ap-''', '''as-''', '''at-''') | movement to or toward; in addition to | Latin | ''ad'' "to", "toward" | '''ad'''apt, '''ad'''vance, '''a'''scend |- | '''adip-''' || fat || Latin || ''adeps'', ''adipis'' "fat" || [[adipose]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''aer-''', '''aero-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> air, atomsphere | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''aer'' "air" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[aeronautics]], aerosol, |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''aesth-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> feeling, sensation | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''aisthētikos'' "of sense perception" from ''aisthanesthai'' "to perceive" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[aesthetics]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''agr-''', '''agri-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> field | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek and Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''agros'' and Latin ''ager'', ''agr-'' "field" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[agriculture]], [[pilgrim]] |- | '''am-''', '''amor-''' | love, loving | Latin | ''amor'' "love" from ''amāre "to love" | [[amateur]], amorous |- | '''ambi-''' | both, on both sides | Latin | ''ambi'' "on both sides" | [[ambidextrous]], ambivalent |- | '''amic-''', '''-imic-''' || friend || Latin || ''amicus'' || amicable |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''amphi-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> around, about, both, on both sides of, both kinds | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin from Greek ''amphi'' "on both sides" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[amphibian]] |- | '''ampl-''' || ample || Latin || ''amplus'' || amplification |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''ana-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> again, against | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek prefix ''ana-'' "again", "against" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[anaplylaxis]] [[anabaptist]] |- | '''anima-''' | breath | Latin | ''anima'' "breath" | [[animal]], animation |- | '''ann-''' '''anni-''', '''anno-''', '''-enn-''' | year, yearly | Latin | ''annus'' "year" | [[annual]], [[anniversary]], millennium |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''ant-''', '''anti-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> against, opposed to, preventive | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''anti'' "before" "against" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[antipodes]], antibiotic, antibody, |- | '''ante-''', '''anti-''' | before, in front of, prior to | Latin | Latin from Greek ''anti'' "before", "against" | [[antediluvian]], [[antebellum]], anticipate |- | '''ar-''' | burn, dry | Latin | ''arere'' "be dry or parched" | [[arid]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''' anth-''', '''antho-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> flower | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''anthos'' "flower" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[anther]], [[anthology]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''' anthropo-''', '''anthro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> human | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''anthropos'' "man" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[anthropology]], [[anthropomorphic]] |- | '''aqu-''' || water || Latin || ''aqua'' || aquarium |- | '''ar-''' || plow, till || Latin || ''arare'' || arable |- | '''ar-''' || dry || Latin || ''arere'' || arid |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''archaeo-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ancient | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''arkhaios'' "ancient" from ''arhkē'' "beginning" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[archeology]], archaic |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''' arct- ''', '''arcto-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Relating to the North Pole or the region near it; relating to cold; used as the scientific name of some bear species, e.g.[[Grizzly Bear|''ursus arctos horribilis'']] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''arktos'' "bear" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[Arctic Ocean]] |- | '''argent-''' || silver || Latin || ''argentum'' "silver" || argent, [[Argentina]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''' arthr- ''', '''arthro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> joint | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''arthon'' "joint" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[arthropod]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''astr-''', '''astro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> star, star shaped | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''astron'' "star" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[astronomy]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''' athl- ''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> prize | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''athlos'' "contest" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[Sportsperson|athlete]] |- | '''aud-''', '''audi-''' | hearing, listening, sound | Latin | ''audire'' "to hear" | [[auditorium]], auditory, audio |- | '''aug-''' | grow, increase | Latin | ''augēre'' "to increase" | [[augmentation]], [[inauguration]] |- | '''aur-''' | relating to gold, or gold-colored | Latin | ''aurum'' "gold" | [[aureole]], aure |- | '''auri-''' || Relating to the ear || Latin || ''auris'' "ear" || [[auricle]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''aut-''' '''auto-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> self; directed from within | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''autos'' ''αυτός'' "self", "same" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[automobile]], autonomy |- | '''avi-''' || bird || Latin || ''avis'' "bird" || aviary, aviation |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''axi-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> axis | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin from Greek axios "worth" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> axis, axiology |} ===B=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" |- ! Prefix !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Example |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bac-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> rod shaped | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black">Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black">from baculum ''rod'' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bacilla, bacteria |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''baro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[weight]], [[pressure]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek Root/Prefix | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[barometer]], barograph, baroreceptor |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''basi-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> at the bottom | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from βαίνω, ''to walk, march'' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> basic, basis (βάσις "step") |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bel, belli-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> war | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bellum, belli - war | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> belligerent, Ante Bellum |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''ben-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> good, well | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bene (adverb) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> benefit, benign |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bi-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> two | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bis, "twice" / bini, "in twos" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> binocular, bigamy |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bibl-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[book]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> βιβλίον | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bibliography, bible |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bi(o)-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[life]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> βίος | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> biology, biologist, biosphere |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''blast-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[germ]], embryo, bud, cell with nucleus | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> βλαστάνω, "to put forth shoots" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> sideroblast |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bor-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[north]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek / Latin (''boreas'') | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> βόρρας, "the north wind" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> borealis |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bot-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[plant]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> botany |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bov-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[ox]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bovis, bovis - ox | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bovine |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''brach-''', '''brachio-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[arm]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''brach-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> short | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''brad-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> slow | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> βραδύς | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bradycardia |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''branch-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[gill]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''brev-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> short (time) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> brevis, breve - short, brief | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> brevity |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''briz-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> to nod | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''brom-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[oats]], [[broom]], [[shadow]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bronch-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[windpipe]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> βρόγχος | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bronchitis |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''buc-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[mouth]], cavity | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bucca | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bulb-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bulbous | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bulla-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[bubble]], [[flask]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ebullio, "to bubble, boil" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ebullient |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''bursa-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> pouch, purse | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bursary, disburse |} ===C=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cac(o)-''' || bad || Greek || (kakos) || [[cacophony]] |- | '''cad-''', '''-cid-''', '''cas-''' || fall || Latin || ''cadere'' || accident, [[Cadence (music)|cadence]], [[Grammatical case|case]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''calc-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[Rock (geology)|stone]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin probably from Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Latin ''calx'' "lime", probably from Greek ''khalix'' "pebble" "limestone" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[calculus]], [[calcite]], [[calcium]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''calli-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[beautiful]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''kallos'' "beauty" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[calligraphy]] |- | '''calor-''' || heat || Latin || ''calor'' "heat" || [[calorie]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''calyp-''' || cover || Greek || (kaluptein) || [[apocalypse]] |- | '''camer-''' || vault || Latin || ''camera'' || bicameral, [[camera]] |- | '''camp-''' || field || Latin || ''campus'' "field", "level ground" || [[champion]], [[campaign]] |- | '''can(i)-''' || [[dog]] || Latin || ''canis'' "dog" || [[canine]], [[Canis Major]] |- | '''can-''', '''cant-''' || sing || Latin || ''canere'' "sing" || canto, [[cantata]], cantor |- | '''cand-''' | glowing, iridescent | Latin | ''candere'' "to be white or glisten" | candid, [[incandescent]], candle, [[candela]] |- | '''cap-''', '''-cip-''', '''capt-''', '''-cept-''' | take, hold | Latin | ''capere'' "take or hold" (note the vowel change from ''a'' to ''i'' in compounds) | capture, captive, conception, recipient |- | '''capit-''', '''-cipit-''' | head | Latin | ''caput'', ''capitis'' "head" | capital, chief, chef |- | '''capr-''' || goat || Latin || ''caper'', ''capri'' || [[Capricorn]], caprine |- | '''caps-''' || box, case || Latin || ''capsa'' || [[capsule]] |- | '''carbo-''' || coal || Latin || ''carbo'', ''carbonis'' || [[carbon]] |- | '''carcer-''' || jail || Latin || ''carcer'', ''carcerare'' || [[incarceration]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''carci-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> cancer (disease) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin from Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin from Greek ''karkinos'' "crab" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[carcinoma]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cardi(o)-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> relating to the heart | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''kardia'' "heart" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[cardiology]], cardiograph |- | '''cardin-''' || hinge || Latin || ''cardo'', ''cardinis'' || cardinal |- | '''carn-''' || flesh || Latin || ''caro'', ''carnis'' || carnival, [[carnivore]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''carpo-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> relating to fruit | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''karpos'' "fruit" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[carpology]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''carp-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> relating to the wrist | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''karpos'' "wrist" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[carpal]], [[carpal tunnel syndrome]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cata-''' || down || Greek || ''kata'' "down" || catastrophe, [[catatonia]] |- | '''caten-''' || chain || Latin || ''catena'' || [[concatenation]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cathar-''' || pure || Greek || (katharos) || [[catharsis]] |- | '''caud-''' || tail || Latin || ''cauda'' || caudal |- | '''cav-''' || hollow || Latin || ''cavus'' "hollow" || [[cave]], cavity, excavation |- | '''ced-''', '''cess-''' || go || Latin || ''cedere'' || procession, recede |- | '''celer-''' || quick || Latin || ''celer'', ''celerare'' || [[acceleration]], celerity |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cen(o)-''' || new || Greek || (kainos) || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cen(o)-''' || common || Greek || (koinos) || |- | '''cens-''' || || Latin || ''censere'' || [[census]] |- | '''cent-''' || hundred || Latin || ''centum'' "hundred" || [[cent]], [[centennial]], [[centurion]] |- | '''centen-''' || hundred each || Latin || ''centeni'' || centenary |- | '''centesim-''' || hundredth || Latin || ''centesimus'' || centesimal, centesimation |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''centr-''' || center || Greek || (kentron) || eccentric |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cephalo-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> head | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''kephale'' "head" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[cephalopod]], [[encephalogram]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ceram-''' || clay || Greek || (keramos) || [[ceramic]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cerat-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[horn (anatomy)|horn]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''keras'' "horn" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ceratin, [[cornea]] |- | '''cern-''' || || Latin || ''cernere'' || discern |- | '''cervic-''' | relating to the neck, relating to the [[cervix]] | Latin | ''cervix'', ''cervicis'' "neck" | [[cervix]], [[cervical]] |- | '''ceter-''' || other || Latin || ''ceterus'' || [[et cetera]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''chiro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> of the hand or hands | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''kheir'' "hand" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[chiroptera]], [[chiropractic]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''chelo-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> relating to a [[turtle]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''khelone'' "tortoise" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[chelonia]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''chloro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[green]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''khlōros'' "green" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> chlorine, chlorophyll |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''choreo-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> relating to [[dance]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''khoreia "dancing in unison" from ''khoros'' "chorus" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[choreography]] |- | '''chord-''' | [[cord]] | Latin | ''chorda'' "rope" | [[chordata]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''chrom-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[color]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''khrōma'' "color" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[chromosome]], [[chromium]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''chryso-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> relating [[gold]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''khrusos'' "gold" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[chrysolite]] |- | '''cili-''' || [[eyelash]] || Latin || ''cilium'' || cilia |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cine-''' || motion || Greek || (kine-) || [[cinema]] |- | '''ciner-''' || ash || Latin || ''cinis'', ''cineris'' || [[incineration]] |- | '''cing-''', '''cinct-''' || gird || Latin || ''cingere'' || succinct |- | '''circ-''' || circle || Latin || ''circus'' || [[circus]] |- | '''circum-''' || around || Latin || ''circum'' "around" || [[circumference]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cirr-''' || orange || Greek || [[kirros]] || [[cirrhosis]] |- | '''cirr-''' || curl, [[tentacle]] || Latin || ''cirrus'' || [[cirrus]] |- | '''civ-''' || citizen || Latin || ''civis'' || civility |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''clad-''' || branch || Greek || (klados) || |- | '''clar-''' || clear || Latin || ''clarus'' || clarity, declaration |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''clast-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> broken | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''klastos'' "broken" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[iconoclast]] |- | '''claud-''', '''-clud-''', '''claus-''', '''-clus-''' || close || Latin || ''claudere'' || clause, exclusion |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''clav-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> key | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> from Greek ''kleis'' "key" from ''kleiein'' "to close" | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[conclave]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cl(e)ist-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> closed | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cleithr-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bar, key | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | '''clement-''' || mild || Latin || ''clemens'', ''clementis'' || clemency, inclement |- | '''clin-''' | [[bed]], lean, recline | Latin | ''-clinare'' | [[declination]], inclined |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cochl-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[Animal shell|shell]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''coel-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> hollow | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (koilos) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | '''cogn-''' || know || Latin || || cognitive |- | '''col-''' || strain || Latin || ''colare'', ''colum'' || [[colander]] |- | '''coll-''' || [[neck]] || Latin || ''collum'' || [[collar]] |- | '''color-''' || color || Latin || ''color'' || [[coloration]] |- | '''con-''', '''co-''', '''col-''', '''com-''' | with, together, joined, against | Latin | ''cum'' | connect, collide, compress |- | '''condi-''' || season || Latin || ''condire'' || [[condiment]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cono-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[cone]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''konos'' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> conic, conical |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cond(u)m-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> protective armor | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | '''contra-''' || against || Latin || ''contra'' || |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''copro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[dung]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> coprolite |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cora(xlg)-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[raven]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | '''cord-''' || heart || Latin || ''cor'', ''cordis'' || accord, cordial |- | '''corn-''' || horn || Latin || ''cornu'' || [[cornucopia]] |- | '''coron-''' || [[crown (headgear)|crown]] || Latin || ''corona'', ''coronare'' || corona, coronation |- | '''corpor-''' || [[body]] || Latin || ''corpus'', ''corporis'' || [[corporation]], corpse |- | '''cortic-''' || [[bark]] || Latin || ''cortex'', ''corticis'' || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cosmet-''' || || Greek || (kosmet-) || [[cosmetics]], [[cosmetology]] |- | '''cost-''' || [[rib]] || Latin || ''costa'' || costal |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cotyl-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[Drinkware|cup]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (kotul-) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[cotyledon]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''crani-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[skull]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> cranium |- | '''crass-''' || thick || Latin || ''crassus'' || crassitude |- | '''cre-''' || make || Latin || ''creare'' || [[creation]], [[creature]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''crep-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[shoe]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cribi-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[sieve]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cric-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[wiktionary:ring|ring]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cris-''', '''crit-''' || judge || Greek || || [[crisis]], [[critic]] |- | '''crisp-''' || curled || Latin || ''crispus'' || |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''crist-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[crest (bird)|crest]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''crosso-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[fringe]], [[tassel]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cru(rals)-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> shank | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- | '''cruc(i)-''' | [[cross]] | Latin | ''crux'', ''crucis'' | crucial, [[crucifix]], crucify |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''crypt-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> hidden | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (kruptos) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> cryptic, [[cryptography]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cten-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[comb]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cub-''' || cube || Greek || (kubos) || cubic, [[cuboid]] |- | '''cub-''' || lie || Latin || ''cubare'' || [[incubation]] |- | '''culin-''' || kitchen || Latin || ''culina'' || culinary |- | '''culp-''' | blame, fault | Latin | ''culpa'' | culpable, exculpate |- | '''cune-''' || [[wedge]] || Latin || ''cuneus'' || [[cuneiform]] |- | '''curr-''', '''curs-''' || run || Latin || ''currere'' || concurrent, [[recursion]] |- | '''curv-''' || bent || Latin || ''curvus'' || [[curvature]] |- | '''cusp-''' || [[lance]], point || Latin || ''cuspis'', ''cuspidis'' || bicuspid |- | '''cut(i)-''' || [[skin]] || Latin || ''cutis'' || [[cuticle]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cyan-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[blue]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> κυανός (kuanos) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[cyanide]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cycl-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[circular]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> κύκλος (kuklos) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> bicycle, cycle, [[cyclone]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cylind-''' || roll || Greek || (kulindros) || [[cylinder]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cyn-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[dog]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> cynosure |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''cyst-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[capsule]] | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> cystic |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''cyt-''' || cell || Greek || || [[cytoplasm]] |} ===D=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" |- ! Prefix !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Example |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''dactyl-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> finger | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> δάχτυλο, finger | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> dactylology |- | '''damn-''', '''-demn-''' || || Latin || ''damnare'' || condemn, damnation |- | '''deb-''' || owe || Latin || ''debere'' || debit |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''deci-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> tenth part | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Latin | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''decimus'', tenth; from ''decem'', ten | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[decibel]], [[decimate]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''deca-''', '''dec-''', '''deka-''', '''dek-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ten | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''deka'', ten | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[decagram]], [[decahedron]] |- | bgcolor="CEDFF2" | '''delt-''' || || Greek || (delta) || [[deltoid]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''dem-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> people | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''demos'', people | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[demagogue]], [[democracy]] |- | '''den-''' || ten each || Latin || ''deni'' || denary |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''dendr-''', '''dendro-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> resembling a tree | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ''dendron'': akin to ''drys'', tree | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[dendrite]] |- | '''dens-''' || thick || Latin || ''densus'' || condense, [[density]] |- | '''dent-''' || tooth || Latin || ''dens'', ''dentis'' || dental, [[dentures]] |- | '''derm-''' || skin || Greek || δέρμα (derma) skin || hypodermic |- | '''deuter-''' || second || Greek || δεύτερος (deuteros) "second" || [[Deuteronomy]] |- | '''dexter-''' || right || Latin || dexter || dexterity |- | dextro- || right || Greek || δεξ-, right || |- | '''di-''' || two || Greek || || |- | '''dia-''' || apart, through || Greek || δια || [[diameter]] |- | '''dict'''- || say, speak || Latin || || dictation |- | '''digit-''' || finger || Latin || ''digitus'' || digital |- | '''dino-''' || terrible, fearfully great || Greek || (deinos) || [[dinosaur]] |- | '''dipl-''' || || Greek || || [[diploid]], diplosis |- | '''doc-''', '''doct-''' || teach || Latin || ''docere'' || docile, doctor |- | '''dodec-''' || twelve || Greek || δωδεκα (dodeka) || dodecasyllabic |- | '''dog-'''/dox- || opinion, teaching || Greek || || dogmatic |- | '''dom-''' || || Latin || ''domus'' || [[dome]] |- | '''dorm-''' || sleep || Latin || ''dormire'' || dormant, [[dormitory]] |- | '''dors-''' || back || Latin || ''dorsum'' || dorsal |- | '''dub-''' || doubtful || || || dubious |- | '''du-''' || two || Latin || ''duo'' || dual |- | '''duc-''', '''duct-''' || lead || Latin || ''dux'' || abduction, [[Conductor (disambiguation)|conductor]], introduce |- | '''dulc-''' || sweet || Latin || ''dulcis'' || |- | '''dur-''' || hard || Latin || ''durus'' || durable |- | '''dy-''' || two || Greek || (duo) || [[dyad]] |- | '''dys-''' || badly, ill || Greek || δυσ || [[dysentery]] |- | '''dues''' || god || Greek || || |} ===E=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Prefix !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ec-''' || out || Greek || (ek) || eccentric |- | '''[[eco-]]''' || house || Greek || (oikos) || [[ecology]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ecto-''' || outside || Greek || (ektos) || |- | '''ed-''' || eat || Latin || ''edere'' || edible |- | '''ego-''' || self || || || |- | '''em-''', '''empt-''' || buy || Latin || ''emere'' || exemption, redeem |- | '''eme-''' || vomit || Greek || (emetos) || emetic |- | '''emul-''' || || Latin || ''aemulus'', ''aemulare'' || [[emulation]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''en-''', '''em-''' || in || Greek || (en) || emphasis |- | '''endo-''' || inside || Greek || (endo) || |- | '''engy-''' || narrow || Greek || || |- | '''ennea-''' || nine || Greek || (ennea) || [[ennead]], [[enneagon]] |- | ensi- || sword || || || |- | eo- || dawn, east || Greek || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''epi-''', '''ep-''' || upon || Greek || (epi) || [[epicenter]], [[epoch]] |- | '''episteme-''' || knowledge or science || Greek || || |- | '''equ-''', '''-iqu-''' || even, level || Latin || ''aequus'' || equal |- | '''equ-''' || horse || Latin || ''equus'' || [[equestrian]] |- | '''erg-''' || work || Greek || (ergon) || [[ergonomics]] |- | '''err-''' || stray || Latin || ''errare'' || aberration, errant |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''erythr(o)-''' || red || Greek || ''ερυθρος'' (eruthros) || [[Red blood cell|erythrocyte]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''eso-''' || within || Greek || (esō) || esoteric |- | '''eth-''' || || Greek || ''εθος'' (ethos) || |- | '''ethm-''' || sieve || Greek || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ethn-''' || || Greek || (ethnos) || ethnic |- | '''etym(o)-''' || true || Greek || (etumos) || [[etymology]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''eu-''' || well || Greek || (eu) || euphoria |- | '''eur-''' || wide || Greek || (eurus) || |- | '''ex-''', '''e-''' || from, out of || Latin || ''ex'' || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''exo-''' || outside || Greek || || exothermic |- | '''exter-''', '''extra-''' || outer || Latin || || exterior |- | '''extrem-''' || || Latin || ''extremus'' || extremity |} ===F=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Prefix !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''fab-''' || bean || Latin || ''faba'' || |- | '''fac-''', '''-fic-''', '''fact''', '''-fect-''' || make || Latin || ''facere'', ''factus'' || defect, factory, manufacture |- | '''falc-''' || sickle || Latin || ''falx'', ''falcis'' || |- | '''fall-''', '''-fell-''', '''fals-''' || || Latin || ''fallere'', ''falsus'' || falsity |- | '''fallac-''' || false || Latin || ''fallax'', ''fallacis'' || fallacy |- | '''famili-''' || || Latin || || familiarity |- | '''fant-''' || || Greek || || [[fantasy]] |- | '''fasc-''' || bundle || Latin || ''fascis'' || fascicle |- | '''fatu-''' || foolish, useless || Latin || ''fatuus'' || fatuous, infatuate |- | '''feder-''' || || Latin || ''foedus'', ''foederis'' || confederation, federal |- | '''fel-''' || cat || Latin || ''feles'' || feline |- | '''felic-''' || || Latin || ''felix'', ''felicis'' || felicity |- | '''fell-''' || suck || Latin || ''fellare'' || fellation |- | '''femin-''' || || Latin || ''femina'' || [[femininity]] |- | '''femor-''' || thigh || Latin || ''femur'', ''femoris'' || femoral |- | '''fend-''', '''fens-''' || || Latin || ''fendere'' || defend, offense |- | '''fenestr-''' || window || Latin || ''fenestra'' || [[fenestration]] |- | '''fer-''' || carry || Latin || ''ferre'' || reference, transfer |- | '''feroc-''' || fierce || Latin || ''ferox'', ''ferocis'' || ferocity |- | '''ferr-''' || iron || Latin || ''ferrum'' || ferrous |- | '''fet-''' || stink || Latin || ''fetere'' || fetid |- | '''fic-''' || fig || Latin || ''ficus'' || |- | '''fid-''' || faith, trust || Latin || ''fides'' || confide |- | '''fil-''' || thread || Latin || ''filum'' || [[filament]] |- | '''fili-''' || || Latin || ''filius'' || affiliate |- | '''find-''', '''fiss-''' || split || Latin || ''findere'' || [[fission]] |- | '''firm-''' || || Latin || ''firmus'', ''firmare'' || confirmation |- | fistul- || hollow, tube || || || |- | '''fl-''' || blow || Latin || ''flare'' || flatulence, inflation |- | '''flacc-''' || flabby || Latin || ''flaccus'' || flaccid |- | '''flav-''' || yellow || Latin || ''flavus'' || flavonoid |- | '''flect-''', '''flex-''' || bend || Latin || ''flectere'' || [[inflection]], [[flexor]] |- | '''flig-''', '''flict-''' || strike || Latin || ''fligere'' || inflict |- | '''flor-''' || flower || Latin || ''flos'', ''floris'' || floral, florid |- | '''flu-''', '''flux-''' || flow || Latin || ''fluere'', ''fluxus'' || [[effluent]], fluency |- | '''foc-''' || hearth || Latin || ''focus'' || focal |- | '''fod-''', '''foss-''' || dig || Latin || ''fodere'', ''fossus'' || [[fossil]] |- | foen- || hay || || || |- | '''foli-''' || leaf || Latin || ''folium'' || defoliate |- | '''font-''' || spring || Latin || ''fons'', ''fontis'' || |- | '''for-''' || bore || Latin || ''forare'' || perforation |- | '''form-''' || shape || Latin || ''forma'' || deformity, formation |- | '''fornic-''' || vault || Latin || ''fornix'' || [[fornication]] |- | '''fort-''' || strong || Latin || ''fortis'' || fortification |- | fovea- || shallow round depression || || || |- | '''frang-''', '''-fring-''', '''fract-''', '''frag-''' || break || Latin || ''frangere'' || [[fracture]], fragment, infringe |- | '''frater-''' || brother || Latin || ''frater'' || [[fraternity]] |- | '''fric-''', '''frict-''' || rub || Latin || || [[friction]] |- | '''frig-''' || cold || Latin || ''frigere'' || frigid |- | '''front-''' || forehead || Latin || ''frons'', ''frontis'' || frontal |- | '''fruct-''', '''frug-''' || fruit || Latin || ''frux'', ''fructis'' || fructose |- | '''fug-''' || flee || Latin || ''fugere'' || [[centrifuge]], fugitive, refuge |- | '''fum-''' || smoke || Latin || ''fumus'' || fume, fumigate |- | '''fund-''' || bottom || Latin || ''fundus'', ''fundare'' || |- | '''fund-''', '''fus-''' || pour || Latin || ''fundere'' || fundamental, profundity, profusion |- | '''fung-''', '''funct-''' || do || Latin || ''fungi'' || [[function]] |- | '''fur-''', '''furt-''' || steal || Latin || ''furare'' || furtive |- | '''furc-''' || fork || Latin || ''furca'' || [[bifurcation]] |- | '''fusc-''' || dark || Latin || ''fuscus'' || [[obfuscation]] |} ===G=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Example |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''galact-''' || milk || Greek || (gala) || galactic |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''gastr-''' || stomach || Greek || (gaster) || gastric |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ge(o)-''' || earth || Greek || γη (gē) || [[geology]] |- | '''gel-''' || icy cold || Latin || ''gelum'' || [[gelatin]] |- | '''ger-''', '''gest-''' || bear, carry || Latin || ''gerere'' || digest, [[gestation]] |- | '''germin-''' || sprout || Latin || ''germen'', ''germinis'' || [[germination]] |- | '''glabr-''' || hairless || Latin || ''glaber'' || glabrous |- | '''glaci-''' || ice || Latin || ''glacies'' || [[glacier]] |- | '''gladi-''' || sword || Latin || ''gladius'' || [[gladiator]] |- | '''glob-''' || || Latin || ''globus'' || global, globule |- | '''glori-''' || glory || Latin || ''gloria'' || glorify |- | '''glutin-''' || glue || Latin || ''gluten'', ''glutinis'' || [[agglutination]] |- | '''grad-''', '''gress-''' || walk, step, go || Latin || ''gradus'', ''gradere'' || grade, regress |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''gramm-''' || letter || Greek || γραμμα (gramma) || grammatic |- | '''gran-''' || grain || Latin || ''granum'' || granary, granule |- | '''grand-''' || grand || Latin || ''grandis'' || grandiloquous |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''graph-''' || draw, write || Greek || (graphē) || graphic, [[graphology]] |- | '''grat-''' || thank, please || Latin || ''gratus'' || gratitude |- | '''grav-''' || heavy || Latin || ''gravis'' || [[gravity]] |- | '''greg-''' || flock || Latin || ''grex'', ''gregis'' || gregarious, [[segregation]] |- | '''gubern-''' || || Latin || ''gubernare'' || gubernatorial |- | '''gust-''' || taste || Latin || ''gustus'' || gusto |- | '''guttur-''' || throat || Latin || ''guttur'' || guttural |} ===H=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''haem-''' || blood || Greek || (haima) || [[haemophilia]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''hal-''' || salt || Greek || (hals) || [[halogen]] |- | '''hal-''', '''-hel-''' || breathe || Latin || ''halare'' || anhelation, inhale |- | '''hapl-''' || simple || Greek || (haplos) || [[haploid]] |- | '''haur''', '''haust''' || draw || Latin || ''haurire'' || [[exhaust]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''heli-''' || sun || Greek || || [[helium]] |- | '''hemi-''' || half || Greek || ήμισυς (hemisus) || [[hemisphere]] |- | '''hen-''' || one || Greek || (hen) || henad, hyphen |- | '''hendec-''' || eleven || Greek || (hendeka) || [[hendecagon]] |- | '''hept-''' || seven || Greek || (hepta) || [[heptagon]] |- | '''her-''', '''hes-''' || cling || Latin || ''haerere'' || [[adhesive]], coherent |- | '''herb-''' || || Latin || ''herba'' || [[herbicide]] |- | '''herp-''' || creep || Greek || || [[herpetology]] |- | '''heter(o)-''' || different, other || Greek || (heteros) || |- | '''heur-''' || find || Greek || || [[heuristic]] |- | '''hex-''' || six || Greek || (hex) || [[hexagon]] |- | '''hibern-''' || wintry || Latin || ''hibernus'' || [[hibernation]] |- | '''hiem-''' || winter || Latin || ''hiems'' || hiemal |- | '''hipp-''' || horse || Greek || (hippos) || [[hippodrome]] |- | '''hirsu[t]-''' || hairy || Latin || ''hirtus'', ''hirsutus'' || |- | '''hispid-''' || bristly || Latin || ''hispidus'' || |- | '''histri-''' || actor || || || histrionic |- | '''hod-''' || way || Greek || (hodos) || [[cathode]] |- | '''hol-''' || whole || Greek || (holos) || [[holistic]] |- | '''hom(o)-''' || same || Greek || (homos) || |- | '''homeo-''' || like || Greek || (homoios) || |- | '''homin-''' || human || Latin || ''homo'' || [[hominid]] |- | '''homal-''' || even, flat || Greek || (homalos) || anomalous |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''horm-''' || that which excites || Greek || || [[hormone]] |- | '''hort-''' || garden || Latin || ''hortus'' || [[horticulture]] |- | '''hum-''' || ground || Latin || ''humus'' || [[exhumation]] |- | '''hyal-''' || glass || Greek || (hualos) || [[hyaline]], hyaloid |- | '''hydr(o)-''' || water || Greek || || [[hydrology]] |- | '''hygr-''' || wet || Greek || (hugros) || hygrology |- | '''hyo-''' || U-shaped || Greek || || |- | '''hyp(o)-''' || under || Greek || (hupo) || [[hyphen]] |- | '''hyper-''' || above, over || Greek || (huper) || |- | '''hypn-''' || sleep || Greek || (hupnos) || [[hypnosis]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''hyster-''' || later || Greek || (husteros) || [[hysteresis]] |} ===I=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Example |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ichth-''' || fish || Greek || (ichthus) || [[ichthyology]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''icos-''' || twenty || Greek || (eikosi) || [[icosagon]], [[icosahedron]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''id(o)-''' || shape || Greek || (eidos) || [[idol]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''idi(o)''' || personal || Greek || (idios) || idiom, [[idiosyncrasy]], idiot |- | '''ign-''' || fire || Latin || ''ignis'' || [[Igneous rock|igneous]], [[ignition]] |- | '''in-''' (1), '''im-''' | in, on | Latin | ''in'' | invite, incur, intend |- | '''in-''' (2), '''il-''', '''im-''', '''ir-''' | in, un- (negation) | Latin | ''in-'' | '''il'''licit, '''im'''possible, '''in'''imical, '''ir'''rational |- | '''infra-''' | under | Latin | ''infra'' | infrastructure |- | '''insul-''' || island || Latin || ''insula'' || insular, [[insulation]] |- | '''inter-''' | among, between | Latin | ''inter'' (preposition) - among, between | intermission, intercollegiate, intercourse |- | '''intra-''' || within || Latin || ''intra'' || intracollegiate |- | '''irasc-''', '''irat-''' || be angry || Latin || ''irasci'' || irascible, irate |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''is(o)-''' | equal, the same | Greek | (isos) | isomorphic, isometric |- | '''-(i)tat-''' | property of, quality of | Latin | | quality, liberty |- | '''iter-''' || again || Latin || ''iterum'' || [[iteration]] |- | '''itin-''' | route, way | Latin | iter, itinis - march, journey | [[itinerary]] |} ===J=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" <!-- Latin only --> |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Example |- | '''jac-''' || lie || Latin || ''jacēre'' "to be thrown" || adjacent |- | '''jac-''' (originally IAC), '''-ject-''' | cast, throw | Latin | iacio, ''iacere'', ieci, ''iectus'' - "to throw" (and cognates thereof) | eject, interject, ejaculate, [[trajectory]] |- | '''jan-''' || door || Latin || ''janua'' || [[janitor]] |- | '''joc-''' || joke || Latin || ''jocus'' || jocularity |- | '''jug-''' || yoke || Latin || ''jugare'', ''jugum'' || conjugal, subjugate |- | '''junct-''' || join || Latin || ''jungere'', ''junctus'' || [[conjunction]], juncture |- | '''junior-''' || younger || Latin || ''junior'' || juniority |- | '''jus-, jur, judic''' (originally IVS) | law, justice | Latin | ius, iuris; ''iudex'', iudicis; iusticia, iusticiae, etc. | justice, jury, judge |- | '''juv-''', '''jut-''' || help || Latin || ''juvare'' || adjutant |- | '''juven-''' || young, youth || Latin || ''juvenis'' || [[juvenile]], rejuvenate |- | '''juxta-''' || beside, near || Latin || ''juxta'' || [[juxtaposition]] |} ===K=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Example |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''kil(o)-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> thousand | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> chilioi | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> kilogram, kilometer, kilobyte |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''kine-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> movement, motion | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> telekinesis, kinetic energy, kinesthetic |- | '''klept-''' || steal || Greek || (kleptēs) || [[kleptomania]] |- | '''kudo-''' || glory || Greek || (kudos) || kudos |} ===L=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''lab-''', '''laps-''' || slide, slip || Latin || ''labi'', ''lapsus'' || elapse, relapse |- | '''labi-''' || lip || Latin || ''labia'', labiae || bilabial, labial |- | '''labor-''' || toil || Latin || ''labor'' || collaboration, elaboration |- | '''lacer-''' || tear || Latin || ''lacer'' || laceration |- | '''lacrim-''' || cry, tears || Latin || ''lacrima'' "tear" || lacrimal, lacrimous |- | '''lact-''' || of or pertaining to milk || Latin || ''lac'', ''lactare'' || lactate, [[lactation]], [[lactose]] |- | '''lamin-''' || layer, slice || Latin || ''lamina'' || [[laminate]], lamination |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''lamp-''' || shine || Greek || ''lampas'' "torch" || lamp |- | '''lapid-''' || stone || Latin || ''lapis'' || [[lapidary]] |- | '''larg-''' || || Latin || ''largus'' || enlargement |- | '''larv-''' || ghost, mask || Latin || ''larva'' || [[larva]], [[larvae]], larval |- | '''lat(i)-''' || broad, wide || Latin || ''latus'' || [[latitude]] |- | '''later-''' || side || Latin || ''latus'' || bilateral |- | '''laud-''', '''laus-''' || praise || Latin || ''laudere'' || laud |- | '''lav-''' || wash || Latin || ''lavare'' || [[lavatory]] |- | '''lax-''' || || Latin || ''laxus'', ''laxare'' || [[laxative]], relaxation |- | '''led-''', '''les-''' || hurt || Latin || ''laedere'', ''laesus'' || [[lesion]] |- | '''leni-''' || gentle || Latin || ''lenis'', ''lenire'' || leniency |- | '''leon-''' || lion || Latin || ''leo'', ''leonis'' "lion" || [[Leo]], leonine, Leopold |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''lep-''' || flake, scale || Greek || ''lepis'' || [[Lepidoptera]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''leuc(o)-''', '''leuk(o)''' || white || Greek || ''leukos'' || [[leucocyte]] |- | '''lev-''' || lift, light || Latin || ''levis'' "light" (in weight), ''levare'' || [[elevator]], [[levitation]] |- | '''liber-''' || free || Latin || ''liber'', ''liberare'' || liberation |- | '''libr-''' || book || Latin || ''liber'' || library |- | '''lig-''' || bind || Latin || ''ligare'' || [[ligament]], [[ligature]] |- | '''lin-''' || line || Latin || ''linea'' || linearity, line |- | '''lingu-''' || language, tongue || Latin || ''lingua'' tongue, language || bilingual, linguistic |- | '''linqu-''', '''lict-''' || leave || Latin || ''linquere'' || [[relict]], relinquish |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''lip(o)-''' || fat || Greek || ''lipos'' || [[lipolysis]] |- | '''liter-''' || letter || Latin || ''littera'' || [[alliteration]], literal, obliterate |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''lith(o)-''' || stone || Greek || ''lithos'' "stone" || [[monolith]], Neolithic Era, [[lithosphere]] |- | '''loc-''' || place || Latin || ''locus'' || local, [[location]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''log-''' || thought, word || Greek || ''logos'' "word" || monologue, [[logic]], morphological |- | '''long-''' || || Latin || ''longus'' || elongate, [[longitude]] |- | '''loqu-''', '''locut-''' || speak || Latin || ''loqui'' || [[allocution]], eloquent |- | '''luc-''' || bright, light || Latin || ''lux'', ''lucis'' light || Lucifer (bearer of light) |- | '''lud-''', '''lus-''' || play || Latin || ''ludere'' || allude, [[illusion]] |- | '''lumin-''' || light || Latin || ''lumen'' || [[illumination]], luminous |- | '''lun-''' || moon || Latin || ''luna'' "moon" || lunar, lunatic |} ===M=== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''macr-''' || long || Greek || μακρός (makros) || [[macron]] |- | '''magn-''' | great, large | Latin | ''magnus'', magna, magnum | magnificent, magnanimous |- | '''maj-''' || greater || Latin || ''major'', ''majus'' || majesty, majority, [[majuscule]] |- | '''mal-''' | bad, wretched | Latin | ''malus'', mala, malum | malicious, malign |- | '''mamm-''' || breast || Latin || ''mamma'' || mammary, [[mammal]] |- | '''man-''' || flow || Latin || ''manare'' || emanate |- | '''man-''' || stay || Latin || ''manere'' || permanent, remanent |- | '''mand-''' || hand || Latin || ''mandare'', mandavi, mandatus || mandate, remand |- | '''manu-''' || hand || Latin || ''manus'' || manual, [[manuscript]] |- | '''mar-''' || sea || Latin || ''mare'', ''maris'' || marine, maritime |- | '''mater-''', '''matr-''' || mother || Latin || ''mater'', ''matris'' || [[matrix]] |- | '''maxim-''' || greatest || Latin || ''maximus'' || maximal |- | '''medi-''', '''-midi-''' || middle || Latin || ''medius'' || [[median]], [[medieval]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''meg-''' || great, large || Greek || (megas) || [[megaphone]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''mei-''' || || Greek || || [[meiosis]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''melan-''' || black, dark || Greek || μέλας (melas) || [[Melanesia]], [[melanoma]] |- | '''melior-''' || better || Latin || ''melior'' || [[amelioration]] |- | '''mell-''' || honey || Latin || ''mel'', ''mellis'' || mellifluous |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''mening-''' || membrane || Greek || (meninx) || |- | '''ment-''' || mind || Latin || ''mens'', ''mentis'' || demented, mentality |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''mer-''' || part || Greek || (meros) || [[polymer]] |- | '''merc-''' || || Latin || ''merx'', ''mercis'' || mercantile, merchant |- | '''merg-''', '''mers-''' || dip, plunge || Latin || ''mergere'' || emerge, immersion |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''mes-''' || middle || Greek || (mesos) || [[mesolithic]], [[mesozoic]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''meter-''', '''metr-''' | measure | Greek | (metron) | metric, [[thermometer]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''meta-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> above, among, beyond | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (meta) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> metaphysics |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''micr-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> small | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (mikros) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[microphone]], [[microscope]] |- | '''milit-''' || soldier || Latin || ''miles'', ''militis'' || military, [[militia]] |- | '''mill-''' || thousand || Latin || ''mille'' || [[Millennium|millennium]], [[million]] |- | '''millen-''' || thousand each || Latin || ''milleni'' || millenary |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''mim-''' || || Greek || (mimos) || [[mime]], mimic |- | '''min-''' || jut || Latin || ''minari'' || prominent |- | '''min-''' || less, smaller || Latin || ''minor'', ''minus'' || minority, minuscule |- | '''mir-''' | wonder, amazement | Latin | miror, ''mirari'', miratus sum | [[miracle]], mirror, admire |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''mis-''' || hate || Greek || (misos) || [[misandry]], [[misogyny]] |- | '''misce-''', '''mixt-''' || mix || Latin || ''miscere'' || miscellaneous, mixture |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''mit-''' || thread || Greek || (mitos) || [[mitochondrion]] |- | '''mitt-''', '''miss-''' || send || Latin || ''mittere'' || intermittent, transmission |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''mne-''' || memory || Greek || || [[mnemonic]] |- | '''mol-''' || grind || Latin || ''mola'' || [[molar]] |- | '''moll-''' || soft || Latin || ''mollis'' || [[emollient]], mollify |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''mon(o)-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> one | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (monos) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[monolith]], monotone, monism |- | '''mont-''' || mountain || Latin || ''mons'', ''montis'' || [[Montana]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''morph-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> form, shape | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (morphe) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[morpheme]], anthropomorphic, morphology |- | '''mort-''' || death || Latin || ''mors'', ''mortis'' || immortal, mortality |- | '''mov-''', '''mot-''' | move, motion | Latin | moveo, ''movere'' | move, motor, momentum |- | '''mulg-''', '''muls-''' || milk || Latin || ''mulgere'' || [[emulsion]] |- | '''mult(i)-''' || many, much || Latin || ''multus'' || multitude, multiple, multiplex |- | '''mur-''' || wall || Latin || ''murus'' || [[mural]] |- | '''mus-''' || thief || Latin || musca, muscae; mus, muris || mouse |- | '''mut-''' || change || Latin || ''mutare'' || [[mutation]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''my-''' || mouse || Greek || (mus) || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''myri-''' || countless, ten thousand || Greek || (murios) || [[myriad]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''myth-''' || story || Greek || (muthos) || mythic, [[mythology]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''myx-''' || slime || Greek || (muxa) || |} meno- moon mica- grain (Latin) e.g. 'micelle' monil- string of beads myz- sucker ===N=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''nar-''' || nostril || Latin || ''naris'' || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''narc-''' || numb || Greek || || [[narcosis]], narcotic |- | '''narr-''' || tell || Latin || ''narrare'' || [[narrative]] |- | '''nas-''' || nose || Latin || ''nasus'' || nasal |- | '''nasc-''', '''nat-''' || born || Latin || ''nascere'', ''natus'' || nascent, native |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''naut-''' || ship || Greek || (naus) || [[astronaut]] |- | '''nav-''' || ship || Latin || ''navis'' || naval |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ne(o)-''' || new || Greek || (neos) || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''necr(o)-''' || dead || Greek || (nekros) || |- | '''nect-''', '''nex-''' || join, tie || Latin || ''nectere'', ''nexus'' || connection |- | necto- bananas |- | '''neg-''' || say no || Latin || ''negare'' || negative |- | nema- || hair || Greek || || |- | nemoral- in woods |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''nephr-''' || kidney || Greek || || [[nephritis]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''nes-''' || island || Greek || (nesos) || [[Polynesia]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''neur-''' || nerve || Greek || (neuron) || |- | '''nict-''' || wink || Latin || ''nictari'' || nictation |- | '''nigr-''' || black || Latin || ''niger'' || denigrate |- | '''nihil-''' || nothing || Latin || ''nihilum'' || annihilation |- | '''noct-''' || night || Latin || ''nox'', ''noctis'' || nocturnal |- | '''nod-''' || knot || Latin || ''nodus'' || node, nodule |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''nom-''' || arrangement, law || Greek || (nomos) || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''nomad-''' || || Greek || (nomas) || nomadic |- | '''nomin-''' || name || Latin || ''nomen'', ''nominis'' || [[nomination]] |- | '''non-''' || not || Latin || ''non'' || |- | '''non-''' || ninth || Latin || ''nonus'' || nonary |- | '''nonagen-''' || ninety each || Latin || ''nonageni'' || nonagenary |- | '''nonagesim-''' || ninetieth || Latin || ''nonagesimus'' || nonagesimal |- | noth- || spurious |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''noto-''' || back, south || Greek || (noton) || |- | '''nov-''' || nine || Latin || ''novem'' || novennial |- | '''nov-''' || new || Latin || ''novus'' || innovation, [[nova]] |- | '''noven-''' || nine each || Latin || ''noveni'' || [[novenary]] |- | '''novendec-''' || nineteen || Latin || ''novendecim'' || |- | '''nu-''' || nod || Latin || || || |- | '''nub-''' || || Latin || ''nubes'', ''nubis'' || |- | '''nuc-''' || nut || Latin || ''nux'', ''nucis'' || |- | nuch- back of neck |- | '''nud-''' || naked || Latin || ''nudus'' || denude, nudity |- | '''null(i)-''' || none || Latin || ''nullus'' || nullify |- | '''numer-''' || number || Latin || ''numerus'' || [[numeral]] |- | '''nunti-''' || || Latin || ''nuntius'' || |- | '''nupti-''' || || Latin || || |- | '''nutri-''' || nourish || Latin || || nutrient |} ===O=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''oct-''' || eight || Greek || (oktō) || [[octagon]], [[octahedron]] |- | '''oct-''' || eight || Latin || ''octo'' || octangular, octennial, octovir |- | '''octav-''' || eighth || Latin || ''octavus'' || octaval |- | '''octogen-''' || eighty each || Latin || ''octogeni'' || octogenary |- | '''octogesim-''' || eightieth || Latin || ''octogesimus'' || octogesimal |- | '''octon-''' || eight each || Latin || ''octoni'' || octonary |- | '''ocul-''' || eye || Latin || ''oculus'' || ocular |- | '''od-''' || hate || Latin || ''odium'' || odious |- | '''-ode-''' || path, way || Greek || || [[anode]], [[odometer]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''odont-''' || tooth || Greek || (odous) || [[odontology]] |- | odor- || fragrant || || || |- | oecious- || house of || Greek || (oikos) || |- | '''oed-''' || swollen || |- | '''oen-''' || wine || Greek || (oinos) || |- | '''oesoph-''' || gullet || Greek || (oisophagos) |- | '''ogdo-''' || eighth || Greek || (ogdoos) || |- | '''-oid''' || like || Greek || (-oeides) || |- | olecran- || skull of elbow || || || |- | '''ole-''' || oily || Latin || || |- | '''olig-''' || few || Greek || (oligos) || [[oligarchy]] |- | '''oliv-''' || olive || Latin || ''oliva'' || |- | -ology || study of || Greek || || |- | -oma || cancer || Greek || || |- | '''omas-''' || paunch || Latin || ''omasum'' || |- | '''oment-''' || fat skin || Latin || ''omentum'' || |- | '''omin-''' || || Latin || ''omen'', ''ominis'' || ominous |- | omm- || eye || || || |- | '''omni-''' || all || Latin || ''omnis'' || omnipotence |- | omo- || shoulder || Latin || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''omphal-''' || navel || Greek || || omphalectomy |- | '''oner-''' || burden || Latin || ''onus'', ''oneris'' || onerous |- | '''onom-''' || name || Greek || όνομα (onoma) || [[onomatopoeia]] |- | '''ont-''' || existing || Greek || || [[ontology]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''-onym''' || name || Greek || (-onum) || [[pseudonym]] |- | '''oo-''' || egg || Greek || (oion) || |- | '''opac-''' || shady || Latin || ''opacus'' || [[opacity]] |- | '''oper-''' || work || Latin || ''opus'', ''operis'' || [[opera]] |- | '''opt-''' || choose || Latin || ''optare'' || optional |- | '''optim-''' || best || Latin || ''optimus'' || optimum |- | op(t)- || eye || Greek || optos || optical |- | operculum- || little cover || || || |- | ophi- || snake || Greek || ophis || |- | '''ophthalm-''' || eye || Greek || (ophthalmos) || [[ophthalmology]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''opisth-''' || behind || Greek || || |- | opoter- either |- | '''or-''' || mouth || Latin || ''os'', ''oris'' || oral, orator |- | '''orb-''' || circle || Latin || ''orbis'' || [[orbit]] |- | orch- testicle |- | '''ordin-''' || || Latin || ''ordo'', ''ordinis'' || ordinal, ordinary |- | '''ori-''' || Eastern || Latin || ''oriri'' || orient |- | '''orn-''' || || Latin || ''ornare'' || ornament, ornate |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ornith-''' || bird || Greek || || [[ornithology]] |- | '''orth-''' || straight || Greek || (orthos) || [[orthosis]] |- | os(ti)- || mouth || |- | os(s/t)- || bone || || || osteoporosis |- | '''oscill-''' || swing || Latin || || [[oscillation]] |- | '''ostrac-''' || shell || Greek || || ostracize |- | '''ot-''' || ear || Greek || || [[otology]] |- | '''ov-''' || egg || Latin || ''ovum'' || [[oval]], ovule |- | ovi- || sheep || Latin || ''ovis'' || ovine |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''oxy-''' || sharp, pointed || Greek || (oxus) || [[oxymoron]] |} ===P=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''pac-''' || peace || Latin || ''pax'', ''pacis'' || pacify, pacifist |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pach-''' || thick || Greek || (pachus) || [[pachydermata]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''paed-''' || child || Greek || (pais, paidos) || paediatric |- | '''pagin-''' || page || Latin || ''pagina'' || [[pagination]] |- | '''pal-''' || stake || Latin || ''palus'' || impale |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''palae-''', '''pale-''' || ancient, old || Greek || (palaios) || [[paleontology]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''palin-''' || back || Greek || (palin) || [[palindrome]] |- | '''pall-''' || pale || Latin || ''pallere'' || pallid, pallor |- | '''palli-''' || mantle || Latin || ''pallium'' || |- | palustri- in marshes |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pan-''', '''pam-''' || all || Greek || ''pas'' || |- | '''pand-''', '''pans-''' || spread || Latin || ''pandere'', ''pansus'' || expand, expansion |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''par(a)-''' || beside, near || Greek || (para) || [[parallel]], [[parameter]] |- | '''pariet-''' || wall || Latin || ''paries'', ''parietis'' || parietal |- | '''part(i)-''' || part || Latin || ''pars'', ''partis'' || [[partition]] |- | '''parv-''' || little || Latin || ''parvus'' || |- | '''pass-''' || pace, step || Latin || ''passus'' || |- | '''pat-''' || be open || Latin || ''patere'' || [[patent]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''path-''' ||to feel, hurt || Greek || pathos || pathetic, [[pathology]] |- | '''patr-''' || father || Latin || ''pater'', ''patris'' || |- | '''pauc-''' || || Latin || ''paucus'' || paucity |- | '''pav-''' || || Latin || || pavement |- | '''pecc-''' || sin || Latin || ''peccare'' || impeccable |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pect-''' || fixed || Greek || || [[pectin]] |- | '''pector-''' || chest || Latin || ''pectus'', ''pectoris'' || pectoral |- | pectin- || comb-like |- | '''pecun-''' || || Latin || ''pecunia'' || pecuniary |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ped-''' || child || Greek || (pais, paidos) || pedagogy |- | '''ped-''' || foot || Latin || ''pes'', ''pedis'' || [[pedal]] |- | '''pejor-''' || worse || Latin || ''pejor'' || [[pejorative]] |- | '''pel-''', '''puls-''' || drive || Latin || ''pellere'' || propellent, propulsion |- | '''pen-''' || almost || Latin || ''paene'' || [[peninsula]], penultimate, [[penumbra]] |- | '''pend-''', '''pens-''' || hang || Latin || ''pendere'' || suspend |- | penia- || deficiency || Latin || || |- | '''penn-''', '''pinn-''' || feather || Latin || ''penna'' || pennate |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pent-''' || five || Greek || (pente) || [[pentagon]] |- | '''pentecost-''' || fiftieth || Greek || (pentekostos) || [[pentecostalism]] |- | '''pept-''' || || Greek || || peptic |- | '''per-''' || thoroughly, through || Latin || ''per'' || perfect |- | '''peran-''' || across, beyond || Greek || || |- | '''peri-''' || around || Greek || || [[perimeter]], [[periscope]] |- | persic- || peach |- | '''pessim-''' || worst || Latin || || |- | '''pet-''' || || Latin || ''petere'' || appetite, competition |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''petr-''' || rock || Greek || (petra) || [[petroglyph]] |- | phaeo- dark |- | phag-|| eat|| Greek ||phagein || [[sarcophagus]] |- | phalan(g/x)- close formation of troops |- | phalar- shining |- | phanero- visible Greek |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pher-''' || bear, carry || Greek || || [[pheromone]] |- | '''philia-''' || love, friendship || Greek || || |- | '''phleg-''' || || Greek || || |- | phloe- tree bark |- | '''phob-''' || fear || Greek || (phobos) || |- | '''phon-''' || sound || Greek || (phone) || microphone, [[phonograph]] |- | '''phor-''' || carry || Greek || (phoros) || metaphor |- | '''phos-''', '''phot-''' || light || Greek || || [[photograph]] |- | '''phragm-''' || fence || Greek || (phragma) || [[diaphragm]] |- | phren- diaphragm, mind |- | phryno- toad, toad-like |- | '''phyl-''' || tribe || || || |- | '''phyll-''' || leaf || Greek || (phullon) || |- | physa- bladder |- | '''phys-''' || nature || Greek || || [[physics]] |- | '''phyt-''' || plant || Greek || (phuton) || neophyte |- | '''pic-''' || pitch || Latin || ''pix'', ''picis'' || |- | '''pil-''' || hair || Latin || || |- | '''pin-''' || pine || Latin || |- | '''ping-''', '''pict-''' || paint || Latin || ''pingere'' || picture |- | '''pino-''' || drink || Greek || || [[pinocytosis]] |- | '''pir-''' || pear || Latin || || |- | '''pisc-''' || fish || Latin || ''piscis'' || [[Pisces]] |- | pisum- pea |- | plac- || plate, tablet || Greek |- | '''plac-''' || || Latin || ''placare'' || placate |- | '''plac-''' || || Latin || ''placere'' || placid |- | '''plagi-''' || oblique || Greek || (plagios) || |- | '''plan-''' || flat || Latin || ''planus'' || explanation, planar |- | '''plang-''' || || Latin || ''plangere'' || plangent |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''plas-''' || mould || Greek || || [[plasma]], [[plastic]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''platy-''' || flat, broad || Greek || (platus) || [[platypus]] |- | '''plaud-''', '''plaus-''' || clap || Latin || ''plaudere'', ''plausus'' || applaud |- | '''ple-''', '''plet-''' || fill || Latin || ''plere'' || complete, suppletive |- | '''pleb-''' || || Latin || ''plebs'', ''plebis'' || plebian |- | '''plect-''', '''plex-''' || plait || Latin || ''plectere'' || |- | '''plen-''' || full || Latin || ''plenus'' || plenary |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''plesi-''' || near || Greek || (plēsios) || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pleth-''' || full || Greek || (plēthos) || [[plethora]] |- | '''pleur-''' || side || Greek || ''pleura'' || |- | '''plex-''' || interwoven || Greek || (plexis) |- | '''plic-''' || fold || Latin || ''plicare'' || duplication, replicate |- | '''plinth-''' || brick || Greek || (plinthos) || |- | '''plor-''' || || Latin || ''plorare'' || implore |- | '''plu-''' || rain || Latin || || |- | '''plum-''' || feather || Latin || ''pluma'' || plumage |- | '''plumb-''' || lead || Latin || ''plumbum'' || |- | '''plur-''' || || Latin || || plural |- | '''plurim-''' || most || Latin || ''plurimus'' |- | '''plus-''' || more || Latin || ''plus'' || |- | '''pluvi-''' || rain || Latin || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pneu-''' || air, lung || Greek || || pneumatic |- | '''pod-''' || foot || Greek || (pous, podos) || [[podiatry]], [[tripod]] |- | pogo- beard |- | '''poie-''' || make || Greek || || poiesis |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pol-''' || city || Greek || (polis) || metropolis, politics |- | '''pol-''' || pole || Greek || (polos) || [[dipole]] |- | '''pol-''' || pole || Latin || ''polus'' || polar |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''polem-''' || war || Greek || (polemos) || polemic |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''poli(o)-''' || grey || Greek || (polios) || |- | '''pollic-''' || thumb || Latin || ''pollex'', ''pollicis'' || |- | '''pollin-''' || || Latin ||''pollen'', ''pollinis'' || pollinate |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''poly-''' || many || Greek || (polus) || [[polygon]] |- | '''pon-''', '''posit-''' || put || Latin || ''ponere'' || position, postpone |- | '''ponder-''' || weight || Latin || ''pondus'', ''ponderis'' || ponderable |- | '''pont-''' || bridge || Latin || ''pons'', ''pontis'' || |- | '''popul-''' || people || Latin || ''populus'' || population |- | '''por-''' || passage || Greek || (poros) || pore |- | '''porc-''' || pig || Latin || ''porcus'' || porcine, [[pork]] |- | porphyr- || purple || Greek || || |- | '''port-''' || gate || Latin || ''porta'' || portal |- | '''port-''' || carry || Latin || ''portare'' || export, [[transportation]] |- | '''post-''' || after, behind || Latin || ''post'' || |- | '''pot-''' || drink || Latin || ''potare'' || potable |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''potam-''' || river || Greek || (potamos) || |- | praeco- || early |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''prasin-''' || leek-green || Greek || (prasinos) || prasinous |- | '''prat-''' || meadow || Latin || ''pratum'' || |- | '''prav-''' || crooked || Latin || ''pravus'' || depravity |- | '''pre-''' || before || Latin || ''prae'' || |- | '''prec-''' || pray || Latin || ''prex'', ''precare'' || [[deprecation]] |- | '''pred-''' || || Latin || ''praedari'' || [[predator]] |- | '''prehend-''', '''prend-''' || grasp || Latin || ''prehendere'' || comprehend |- | '''prem-''', '''-prim-''', '''press-''' || press || Latin || ''premere'' || pressure |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''presb-''' || old || Greek || (presbus) || [[Presbyterianism]] |- | '''preter-''' || past || Latin || ''praeter'' || |- | '''preti-''' || price || Latin || ''pretium'' || |- | '''prim-''' || first || Latin || ''primus'' || primary, primitive |- | '''prior-''' || former || Latin || ''prior'' || priority |- | '''priv-''' || || Latin || ''privare'' || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pro-''' || before, in front of || Greek || (pro) || |- | '''pro-''' || for, forward || Latin || ''pro'' || propulsion |- | '''prob-''' || try || Latin || ''probare'' || [[probation]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''proct-''' || anus || Greek || (proktos) || [[proctology]] |- | '''propri-''' || || Latin || ''proprius'' || appropriate |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pros(o)-''' || forward || Greek || (pros) || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''prot(o)-''' || first || Greek || (protos) || [[protoplasm]] |- | '''proxim-''' || nearest || Latin || ''proximus'' || proximity |- | '''prun-''' || plum || Latin || ''prunus'' || [[prune]] |- | '''psamma-''' || sand || Greek || (psammos) || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pseud(o)-''' || false || Greek || (pseudos) || [[pseudonym]] |- | '''psil(o)-''' || bare || Greek || (psilos) || [[epsilon]] |- | '''psych(o)-''' || mind || Greek || (psychē) || |- | '''psychr(o)-''' || cold || Greek || (psuchros) || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pter-''' || wing, fern || Greek || (pteron) || [[helicopter]] |- | '''pto-''' || fall || Greek || || [[ptosis]] |- | ptyal- sahva |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ptych-''' || fold, layer || Greek || (ptuchē) || [[triptych]] |- | pubi- sexually mature |- | '''public-''' || || Latin || ''publicus'' || publication |- | '''pude-''' || || Latin || ''pudere'' || impudent |- | '''pugn-''' || fight || Latin || ''pugnare'' || pugnacious |- | '''pulchr-''' || beautiful || Latin || ''pulcher'', ''pulchri'' || pulchritude |- | '''pulmon-''' || lung || Latin || ''pulmo'', ''pulmonis'' || pulmonary |- | '''pulver-''' || dust || Latin || ''pulvis'', ''pulveris'' || pulverize |- | '''pung-''', '''punct-''' || prick || Latin || ''pungere'' || puncture, pungent |- | '''puni-''' || punish || Latin || ''punire'' || punitive |- | '''pup-''' || doll || Latin || ''pupa'' || [[pupa]], puppet |- | '''pur-''' || pure || Latin || ''purus'' || impure, purity |- | '''purg-''' || || Latin || ''purgare'' || expurgate, [[purgatory]] |- | '''purpur-''' || purple || Latin || ''purpura'' || |- | '''put-''' || || Latin || ''putare'' || compute, putative |- | pygo- || rump |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pyl-''' || gate || Greek || (pulon) || [[pylon]] |- | pyo- || pus || || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''pyr-''' || heat, fire || Greek || || |- | pyrus- || pear || || |} ===Q=== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" <!-- Latin only --> |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''quadr-''' || four || Latin || ''quattuor'' || quadrangle |- | '''quadragen-''' || forty each || Latin || ''quadrageni'' || quadragenary |- | '''quadragesim-''' || fortieth || Latin || ''quadragesimus'' || quadragesimal |- | '''quart-''' || fourth || Latin || ''quartus'' || quartary, [[quartile]] |- | '''quasi-''' || as if || Latin || ''quasi'' || |- | '''quatern-''' || four each || Latin || ''quaterni'' || [[quaternary]], [[quaternion]] |- | '''quati-''', '''quass-''' || shake || Latin || ''quatere'' || |- | '''quer-''', '''-quir-''', '''quesit-''', '''-quisit-''' || search, seek || Latin || ''quaerere'' || [[Inquisition]], query |- | '''qui-''' || || Latin || ''quies'' || quiet |- | '''quin-''' || five each || Latin || ''quini'' || [[quinary]] |- | '''quindecim-''' || fifteenth || Latin || ''quindecimus'' || quindecimal |- | '''quinden-''' || fifteen each || Latin || ''quindeni'' || quindenary |- | '''quinque-''' || five || Latin || ''quinque'' || quinquennium |- | '''quint-''' || fifth || Latin || ''quintus'' || quintary, [[quintile]] |- | '''quo-''' || || Latin || || [[quota]], [[quotient]] |} ===R=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Example |- | '''rach-''' || spine || Greek || (rhachis) || |- | '''rad-''', '''ras-''' || scrape, shave || Latin || ''radere'' || abrasion |- | '''radi-''' || beam || Latin || ''radius'' || [[radiation]] |- | '''radic-''' || root || Latin || ''radix'' || radical |- | '''ram-''' || branch || Latin || ''ramus'' || ramification, ramose |- | '''ran-''' || frog || Latin || ''rana'' || |- | '''ranc-''' || || Latin || || rancid |- | '''rap-''' || turnip || Latin || ''rapum'' || |- | '''raph-''' || seam || Greek || || |- | '''rar-''' || || Latin || ''rarus'' || rarity |- | '''re-''', '''red-''' || again, back || Latin || || recede, redact |- | '''rect-''' || straight || Latin || || erect |- | '''reg-''', '''-rig-''', '''rect-''' || straight || Latin || || [[dirigible]] |- | '''rem-''' || oar || Latin || ''remus'' || |- | '''ren-''' || kidney || Latin || ''renes'' || renal |- | '''rep-''', '''rept-''' || crawl, creep || Latin || ''repere'' || [[reptile]] |- | '''ret-''' || net || Latin || ''rete'' || |- | retic- network |- | retina- little net |- | '''retro-''' || behind, backward || Latin || || |- | '''rhabd-''' || rod || Greek || (rhabdos) || |- | '''rhach-''' || spine || Greek || (rhachis) || |- | rhage- || tear, rent |- | '''rhe-''' || flow || Greek || || [[rheostat]] |- | '''rhin-''' || nose, snout || Greek || || [[rhinoplasty]] |- | '''rhiz-''' || root || Greek || (rhiza) || [[rhizome]] |- | '''rhod-''' || red || Greek || || [[rhododendron]] |- | '''rhomb-''' || || Greek || || [[rhombus]] |- | rhynch- || snout |- | -rrh- flow |- | '''rid-''', '''ris-''' || laugh || Latin || ''ridere'' || derision, ridicule |- | '''roborem-''' oak tree, strength |- | '''rod-''', '''ros-''' || gnaw || Latin || ''rodere'' || corrode, [[erosion]], [[rodent]] |- | '''rog-''' || ask || Latin || ''rogare'' || [[interrogation]] |- | rogos- || wrinkled || || || |- | '''rostr-''' || beak, prow || Latin || || ''rostrum'' |- | '''rot-''' || wheel || Latin || ''rota'' || [[rotation]] |- | rub(e)r- || red || Latin || ''ruber'' || |- | '''rug-''' || wrinkle || Latin || ''ruga'' || corrugation |- | '''rumin-''' || throat || Latin || ''rumen'' || rumination |- | '''rump-''', '''rupt-''' || break || Latin || ''rumpere'' || rupture |- | '''rur-''' || || Latin || ''rus'' || rural |} ===S=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | sacchar- || sugar || || || |- | '''sacr-''', '''secr-''' || sacred || Latin || ''sacer'', ''sacrare'' || consecrate, [[sacrament]] |- | '''sagac-''' || || Latin || ''sagax'', ''sagacis'' || |- | '''sagitt-''' || arrow || Latin || ''sagitta'' || [[Sagittarius]] |- | '''sal-''' || salt || Latin || ''sal'', ''salis'', ''salere'' || salinity |- | '''sali-''', '''-sili-''', '''salt-''' || jump || Latin || ''salire'' || resilient, salient, saltus |- | '''salv-''' || save || Latin || ''salvare'' || [[salvation]] |- | '''san-''' || || Latin || ''sanus'' || insane, sanity |- | '''sanct-''' || holy || Latin || ''sancire'' || sanctify |- | '''sanguin-''' || blood || Latin || ''sanguis'', ''sanguinis'' || sanguine |- | '''sapi-''', '''sipi-''' || || Latin || ''sapere'' || sapient |- | '''sapon-''' || soap || Latin || ''sapo'', ''saponis'' || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''sarc(o)-''' || flesh || Greek || (sarx) || [[sarcophagus]] |- | sativus- || cultivated || || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''saur-''' || lizard, reptile || Greek || || [[dinosaur]] |- | saxum- || rock || || || |- | '''scab-''' || scratch || Latin || ''scabere'' || |- | '''scal-''' || ladder, stairs || Latin || ''scala'' || scale |- | scalene- || uneven || Greek || || |- | '''scand-''', '''-scend-''', '''scans-''', '''-scens-''' || climb || Latin || ''scandere'' || ascend |- | scaph- || anything hollow, bowl, ship || Greek || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''schem-''' || || Greek || (schema) || [[schematic]] |- | '''schis-''' || split || Greek || || [[schism]] |- | '''sci-''' || know || Latin || ''scire'' || prescient, [[science]] |- | '''scind-''', '''sciss-''' || split || Latin || ''scindere'' || [[scissors]] |- style="backgroung:#CEDFF2" |'''scler-''' || hard || Greek || (skler-) || [[scleroderma]] |- | '''scoli-''' || crooked || Greek || (skolios) || [[scoliosis]] |- | '''scop-''', scopy, scept- || look at, examine, view, observe || Greek || || |- | '''scrib-''', '''script-''' || write || Latin || ''scribere'' || inscribe, [[scripture]] |- | '''sculp-''' || carve || Latin || ''sculpere'' || sculpture |- | scut- || shield || || || |- | scyph- || cup || || || |- | '''seba-''' || tallow, wax || || || |- | '''sec-''', '''sect-''', '''seg-''' || cut || Latin || ''secare'' || [[secant]], section, segment |- | '''sed-''' || || Latin || ''sedare'' || sedative |- | '''sed-''', '''-sid-''', '''sess-''' || sit || Latin || ''sedere'' || sediment, session, supersede |- | '''sedec-''' || sixteen || Latin || ''sedecim'' || sedecimal |- | segetum- || in cornfields |- | '''sei-''' || shake || Greek || (seismos) || [[seismograph]] |- | '''selen-''' ||moon || Greek || || |- | sella- || saddle, seat || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''sema-''' || || Greek || (sema) || [[semantics]], [[semaphore]] |- | '''semi-''' || half ||Latin || ''semis'' || |- | '''semin-''' || seed || Latin || ''semen'', ''seminis'' || insemination |- | '''sen-''' || old man || Latin || ''senex'', ''senis'' || senator, senility |- | '''sen-''' || six each || Latin || ''seni'' || [[senary]] |- | '''senti-''', '''sens-''' || feel || Latin || ''sentire'', ''sensus'' || [[consensus]] |- | '''sept-''' || || Latin || ''saeptum'' || |- | '''sept-''' || seven || Latin || ''septem'' || septennium |- | '''septen-''' || seven each || Latin || ''septeni'' || [[septenary]] |- | '''septim-''' || seventh || Latin || ''septimus'' || |- | '''septuagen-''' || seventy each || Latin || ''septuageni'' || septuagenary |- | '''septuagesim-''' || seventieth || Latin || ''septuagesimus'' || septuagesimal |- | '''septuagint-''' || seventy || Latin || ''septuaginta'' || [[Septuagint]] |- | '''sequ-''', '''secut-''' || follow || Latin || ''sequere'' || consecutive, [[sequence]] |- | ser(olu)- || any body fluid |- | ser- || late || Latin || || |- | '''serp-''' || crawl || Latin || ''serpere'' || serpent |- | '''serr-''' || saw, saw-toothed || Latin || ''serra'', ''serrare'' || serration |- | '''serv-''' || || Latin || ''servare'' || conservation |- | '''sesqui-''' || || Latin || ''sesqui'' || |- | set- || hair || |- | '''sever-''' || || Latin || ''severus'' || severity |- | '''sex-''', '''se-''' || six || Latin || ''sex'' || [[semester]], sexangle, sexennium |- | '''sexagen-''' || sixty each || Latin || ''sexageni'' || sexagenary |- | '''sexagesim-''' || sixtieth || Latin || ''sexagesimus'' || [[sexagesimal]] |- | '''sext-''' || sixth || Latin || ''sextus'' || [[sextant]] |- | '''sibil-''' || hiss || Latin || ''sibilus'', ''sibilare'' || [[sibilance]] |- | '''sicc-''' || dry || Latin || ''siccus'' || desiccate |- | '''sider-''' || || Latin || ''sidus'', ''sideris'' || |- | '''sign-''' || || Latin || ''signum'' || signal |- | '''sil-''' || || Latin || ''silere'' || silent |- | '''silv-''' || forest || Latin || ''silva'' || [[silviculture]] |- | '''simi-''' || ape, monkey || Latin || ''simia'' || [[simian]] |- | '''simil-''' || || Latin || ''similis'' || assimilate, similarity |- | '''simul-''' || || Latin || ''simulare'' || simulation |- | '''singul-''' || one each || Latin || ''singuli'' || singular |- | '''sinistr-''' || left || Latin || ''sinister'', ''sinistri'' || |- | '''sinu-''' || || Latin || ''sinuare'' || insinuate |- | sinus- || hollow, bay |- | sipho- || tube || || || |- | '''sist-''' || cause to stand || Latin || ''sistere'' || |- | '''soci-''' || || Latin || ''socius'', ''sociare'' || |- | '''sol-''' || sun || Latin || ''sol'' || solar |- | '''sol-''' || || Latin || ''solare'' || consolation |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''solen-''' || pipe, channel || Greek || || solenoid |- | '''solv-''', '''solut-''' || || Latin || ''solvere'' || solution |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''soma-''' || body || Greek || (soma) || somatic |- | '''somn-''' || sleep || Latin || ''somnus'' || [[insomnia]] |- | '''somni-''' || dream || Latin || ''somnium'' || |- | '''son-''' || sound || Latin || ''sonus'' || [[resonance]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''soph-''' || || Greek || (sophos) ||sophist |- | '''sorb-''', '''sorpt-''' || suck || Latin || ''sorbere'' || absorb, absorption |- | '''sord-''' || dirt || Latin || ''sordes'', ''sordere'' || sordid |- | '''soror-''' || sister || Latin || ''soror'' || [[sorority]] |- | '''spati-''' || space || Latin || ''spatium'' || spatial |- | '''spec-''', '''-spic-''', '''spect-''' || look || Latin || ''specere'' || conspicuous, inspection, specimen |- | '''spect-''' || watch, look at || Latin || ''spectare'' || spectator |- | '''specul-''' || || Latin || ''speculari'' || speculation |- | '''sper-''' || hope || Latin || ''spes'', ''sperare'' || desperation |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''sperm-''' || seed || Greek || (sperma) || |- | sphen- || wedge || || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''spher-''' || || Greek || (sphaira) || spheroid |- | '''sphinct-''' || closing || |- | '''spic-''' || spike || Latin || ''spica'' || |- | '''spin-''' || thorn || Latin || ''spina'' || |- | '''spir-''' || breathe || Latin || ''spirare'' || respiration |- | '''spond-''', '''spons-''' || || Latin || ''spondere'', ''sponsus'' || |- | spondyl- || vertebra |- | '''spu-''', '''sput-''' || spew, spit || Latin || ''spuere'' || [[sputum]] |- | '''squal-''' || || Latin || ''squalere'' || squalid, squalor |- | squam- || scale || || || |- | squarros- spreading at tips |- | '''st-''' || stand || Latin || ''stare'' || stable, station, status |- | '''stalact-''' || || Greek || (stalaktites) || [[stalactite]] |- | '''stalagm-''' || || Greek || (stalagmos) || [[stalagmite]] |- | stae(rlt)- || fat || |- | '''stagn-''' || || Latin || ''stagnare'' || stagnant |- | '''stann-''' || tin || Latin || ''stannum'' || stannous |- | '''statu-''', '''-stitu-''' || || Latin || ''statuere'' || institution, statute |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''steg-''' || covering || Greek || || [[steganography]] |- | '''stell-''' || star || Latin || ''stella'' || [[constellation]], stellar |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''sten-''' || narrow || Greek || (stenos) || [[stenography]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''stere-''' || solid || Greek ||(stereos) || |- | steril- sterile |- | '''stern-''', '''strat-''' || spread, strew || Latin || ''sternere'', ''stratus'' || stratify |- | stern- || breastbone || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''stich-''' || line, row || Greek || (stichos) || |- | '''stig-''' || || Greek || || [[stigma]] |- | '''still-''' || drip || Latin || ''stillare'' || distillation |- | '''stingu-''', '''stinct-''' || || Latin || ''stinguere'' || distinction, distinguish |- | '''stoch-''' || aim || Greek || || |- | '''stom-''' || mouth || Greek || || |- | strept- || twisted || |- | '''string-''', strict- || upright, stiff || Latin || ''stringere'' || stringent |- | strigos- || having stiff bristles || |- | stroph- || turning || Greek || || |- | '''stru-''', '''struct-''' || || Latin || ''struere'' || construction |- | '''stud-''' || || Latin || ''studere'' || |- | '''stup-''' || wonder || Latin || ''stupere'' || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''styl-''' || column || Greek || || |- | '''su-''', '''sut-''' || sew || Latin || ''suere'' || suture |- | '''suad-''', '''suas-''' || || Latin || ''suadere'', ''suasus'' || persuasion |- | '''suav-''' || sweet || Latin || ''suavis'' || suave |- | '''sub-''', '''su-''', '''sus-''' || below || Latin || ''sub'' || |- | '''subter-''' || || Latin || ''subter'' || subterfuge |- | '''sucr-''' || sugar || || |- | '''sud-''' || sweat || Latin || ''sudare'' || |- | '''sulc-''' || furrow || Latin || ''sulcus'' || |- | '''sum-''', '''sumpt-''' || take || Latin || ''sumere'' || assumption, consume |- | '''super-''' || above, over || Latin || ''super'' || |- | supin- || lying back || Latin || supinus |- | '''supra-''' || above, over || Latin || || |- | '''surd-''' || deaf || Latin || ''surdus'' || absurdity |- | '''surg-''' || rise || Latin || ''surgere'' || resurgent |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''syn-''', '''sy-''', '''syl-''', '''sym-''' || with || Greek || (sum) || [[symbol]], [[system]] |- | syrin(glx)- || pipe || Greek || || |- | '''sys-''' || with || Greek || || |} ===T=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''tac-''', '''-tic-''' || be silent || Latin || ''tacere'' || reticent, tacit |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''tach-''' || swift || Greek || ταχυς (tachus) || [[tachometer]] |- | taenia- || ribbon || || || |- | '''tal-''' || ankle || Latin || ''talus'' || |- | '''tang-''', '''-ting-''', '''tact-''', '''tag-''' || touch || Latin || ''tangere'' || [[tangent]] |- | tapetum- || carpet || || || |- | '''tard-''' || slow || Latin || ''tardus'' || retard, tardy |- | '''tars-''' || ankle || || || tarsal |- | '''taur-''' || bull || Greek || (tauros) || [[Minotaur]] |- | '''taur-''' || bull || Latin || ''taurus'' || [[Taurus]] |- | '''tax-''' || arrangement, order || Greek || (taxis) || [[taxonomy]] |- | '''techn-''' || || Greek || (techne) || [[technology]] |- | '''teg-''', '''tect-''' || cover || Latin || ''tegere'' || protection |- | '''tel-''' || far, end || Greek || || [[telephone]] |- | teleo- || complete |- | temno- cut Greek |- | '''tempor-''' || time || Latin || ''tempus'', ''temporis'' || temporary |- | '''ten-''', '''-tin-''', '''tent-''' || hold || Latin || ''tenere'' || continent, tenacious |- | '''tend-''', '''tens-''' || stretch || Latin || ''tendere'' || extend, extension |- | '''tenu-''' || slender, thin || Latin || ''tenuis'' || attenuate, tenuous |- | '''tep-''' || be warm || Latin || ''tepere'' || tepid |- | '''ter-''', '''trit-''' || rub || Latin || ''terere'' || attrition |- | teres- || round |- | '''terg-''' || wipe || Latin || ''tergere'' || detergent |- | '''termin-''' || || Latin || ''terminus'' || termination |- | '''tern-''' || three each || Latin || ''terni'' || [[ternary]] |- | '''terr-''' || dry land || Latin || ''terra'' || |- | ''terti-'' || third || Latin || ''tertius'' || tertiary |- | '''test-''' || witness || Latin || ''testis'' || testimony |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''tetr-''' || four || Greek || (tetra-) || [[tetrahedron]] |- | '''tex-''', '''text-''' || weave || Latin || ''texere'' || texture |- | thalam- || chamber, bed || || || |- | '''thalass-''' || sea || Greek || || |- | '''than-''' || death || Greek || || [[euthanasia]] |- | '''the-''' || put || Greek || (tithemi) || theme, [[thesis]] |- | theca- || case || Greek || || |- | thel- nipple, female |- | the- god |- | theor- || || Greek || || [[theorem]], [[theory]] |- style="backgroung:#CEDFF2" | '''therm-''' || heat || Greek || (thermos) || [[thermometer]] |- | thero- breast, mammal |- | '''thus-''' || || Greek || || enthusiasm |- | thyreo- large shield |- | '''tim-''' || be afraid || Latin || ''timere'' || timid |- | '''ting-''', '''tinct-''' || moisten || Latin || ''tingere'' || tincture |- | tom- || cut || Greek || ectomy |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ton-''' || stretch || Greek || || |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''top-''' || place || Greek || (topos) || topic, [[topography]] |- | torn- cut |- | torpe- numb |- | '''torqu-''', '''tort-''' || twist || Latin || ''torquere'' || [[extortion]], [[torque]], torture |- | '''tot-''' || all, whole || Latin || ''totus'' || total |- | toxo- || arrow, dart |- | trab- || beam |- | trachy- rough |- | trago- || goat |- | '''trah-''', '''tract-''' || pull || Latin || ''trahere'' || [[subtrahend|subtrahend]], [[tractor]] |- | '''trans-''', '''tra-''', '''tran-''' || across || Latin || ''trans'' || [[tradition|'''tra'''dition]], '''tran'''scend, '''trans'''portation |- | '''trapez-''' || four-sided, table || Greek || (trapeza) || [[trapezoid]] |- | traum- || || Greek || || traumatic |- | '''trecent-''' || three hundred || Latin || ''trecenti'' || trecentennial |- | '''tredec-''' || thirteen || Latin || ''tredecim'' || |- | '''treiskaidek-''' || thirteen || Greek || || [[triskaidekaphobia]] |- | '''trem-''' || tremble || Latin || ''tremere'' || tremor |- | trema- hole |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''tri-''' || three || Greek || (treis, tria) || [[triad]], [[trigon]] |- | '''tri-''' || three || Latin || ''tres'' || [[triangle]], trivia |- | '''tricen-''' || thirty each || Latin || ''triceni'' || tricenary |- | '''tricesim-''' || thirtieth || Latin || ''tricesimus'' || |- | '''trich-''' || hair || Greek || (thrix) || |- | '''trin-''' || three each || Latin || ''trini'' || trinity |- | troch- || wheel || || || |- | trop- || turning || Greek || || tropic |- | troph- || feed || Greek || || |- | '''trud-''', '''trus-''' || thrust || Latin || ''trudere'' || [[extrusion]], intrude |- | '''tuss-''' || cough || Latin || ''tussis'', ''tussire'' || [[pertussis]] |- | '''tympan-''' || drum || Greek || (tumpan-) || [[Timpani|tympani]] |} ===U=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" <!-- Greek and Latin --> |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''uber-''' || udder || Latin || ''uber'', ''uberare'' || exuberant |- | '''ulig-''' || in marshes || Latin || || |- | '''ulo-''' || wooly || Greek || || |- | '''ultim-''' || farthest || Latin || ''ultimus'' || ultimate |- | '''ultra-''' || beyond || Latin || ''ultra'' || |- | '''umbilic-''' || navel || Latin || ''umbilicus'' || umbilical |- | '''umbr-''' || shade, shadow || Latin || ''umbra'' || [[penumbra]], [[umbrella]] |- | '''un-''', '''uni-''' || one || Latin || ''unus'', ''unius'' || [[unary]], union |- | '''unc-''' || hooked || Latin || ''uncus'' || |- | '''unci-''' || ounce, twelfth || Latin || ''uncia'' || uncial |- | '''und-''' || wave || Latin || ''unda'' || abundant, undulate |- | '''undecim-''' || eleventh || Latin || ''undecimus'' || [[undecimal]] |- | '''unden-''' || eleven each || Latin || ''undeni'' || [[undenary]] |- | '''ungui-''' || claw, nail || Latin || ''unguis'' || |- | '''ungul-''' || claw, hoof || Latin || ''ungula'' || [[ungulate]] |- style="background:#CEDFF2" | '''ur-''', '''uro-''' || tail || Greek || (oura) || uroid |- | '''urb-''' || city || Latin || ''urbs'', ''urbis'' || urban |- | '''urg-''' || || Latin || ''urgere'' || urgent |- | '''urs-''' || bear || Latin || ''ursus'' || [[Ursa Major]], ursine |- | '''ut-''', '''us-''' || use || Latin || ''uti'', ''usus'' || utility |- | '''uv-''' || grape || Latin || ''uva'' || |- | '''uxor-''' || wife || Latin || ''uxor'' || |} ===V=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" <!-- Latin only --> |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''vac-''' || empty || Latin || ''vacare'' || vacancy, vacation, [[vacuum]] |- | '''vad-''', '''vas-''' || go || Latin || ''vadere'' || evade, pervasive |- | '''vag-''' || wander || Latin || ''vagus'', ''vagare'' || vague |- | '''van-''' || || Latin || ''vanus'' || vanity |- | '''vap-''' || || Latin || || [[evaporation]], vapid |- | '''veh-''', '''vect-''' || carry || Latin || ''vehere'', ''vectus'' || vehicle, [[vector]] |- | '''vel-''' || veil || Latin || ''velum'' || [[revelation]], velate |- | '''vell-''', '''vuls-''' || pull || Latin || ''vellere'', ''vulsus'' || [[convulsion]] |- | '''veloc-''' || quick || Latin || ''velox'', ''velocis'' || [[velocity]] |- | '''ven-''' || vein || Latin || ''vena'' || venosity |- | '''ven-''' || hunt || Latin || ''venari'' || [[venison]] |- | '''ven-''', '''vent-''' || come || Latin || ''venire'' || advent, [[convention]] |- | '''vend-''' || sell || Latin || ''vendere'' || vendor |- | '''vener-''' || || Latin || ''venus'' || veneration, venereal |- | '''vent-''' || wind || Latin || ''ventus'' || [[ventilation]] |- | '''ventr-''' || belly || Latin || ''venter'' || ventral |- | '''ver-''' || true || Latin || ''verus'' || verify, verity |- | '''verb-''' || word || Latin || ''verbum'' || verbal, verbosity |- | '''verber-''' || whip || Latin || ''verber'' || [[reverberation]] |- | '''verm-''' || worm || Latin || ''vermis'' || vermiform |- | '''vern-''' || spring || Latin || ''ver'', ''vernus'' || vernal |- | '''vert-''', '''vers-''' || turn || Latin || ''vertere'', ''versus'' || convert, inversion |- | '''vesic-''' || bladder || Latin || ''vesica'' || vesical |- | '''vesper-''' || evening, western || Latin || || |- | '''vest-''' || clothe, garment || Latin || ''vestis'' || divest, [[vest]] |- | '''vestig-''' || || Latin || ''vestigium'' || investigate |- | '''vet-''' || forbid || Latin || ''vetare'' || [[veto]] |- | '''veter-''' || old || Latin || ''vetus'' || veteran |- | '''vi-''' || way || Latin || ''via'' || deviate, obvious |- | '''vic-''' || change || Latin || ''vicis'' || [[vice versa]], vicissitude |- | '''vicen-''', '''vigen-''' || twenty each || Latin || ''viceni'' || vicenary |- | '''vicesim-''', '''vigesim-''' || twentieth || Latin || ''vecesimus'' || vicesimary, [[vigesimal]] |- | '''vid-''', '''vis-''' || see || Latin || ''videre'' || video, [[vision]] |- | '''vil-''' || cheap || Latin || ''vilis'' || vile, vilify |- | '''vill-''' || shaggy hair, velvet || Latin || ''villus'' || villiform |- | '''vin-''' || wine || Latin || ''vinum'' || vinous |- | '''vinc-''', '''vict-''' || conquer || Latin || ''vincere'', ''victus'' || invincible, victory |- | '''vir-''' || man || Latin || ''vir'' || virility |- | '''vir-''' || green || Latin || ''virere'' || virid |- | '''visc-''' || || Latin || ''viscum'' || [[viscosity]] |- | '''viscer-''' || organs of body cavity || Latin || ''viscus'', ''visceris'' || visceral |- | '''vit-''' || life || Latin || ''vita'' || vital |- | '''vitell-''' || yolk || Latin || ''vitellus'' || |- | '''viti-''' || || Latin || ''vitium'' || [[vice]], vitiate |- | '''vitr-''' || glass || Latin || ''vitrum'' || vitreous |- | '''viv-''' || live || Latin || ''vivere'' || revive, survive, vivid |- | '''voc-''' || voice || Latin || ''vox'' || vocal |- | '''vol-''' || fly || Latin || ''[[volare]]'' || [[volatility]] |- | '''vol-''' || wish || Latin || ''velle'' || [[volition]] |- | '''volv-''', '''volut-''' || roll || Latin || ''volvere'', ''volutus'' || [[convolution]], revolve |- | '''vom-''' || || Latin || ''vomere'' || vomit |- | '''vor-''', '''vorac-''' || swallow || Latin || ''vorare'', ''vorax'' || devour, voracious |- | '''vov-''', '''vot-''' || vow || Latin || ''vovere'', ''votus'' || votive |- | '''vulg-''' || common, crowd || Latin || ''vulgus'' || divulge, [[vulgarity]], [[vulgate]] |- | '''vulner-''' || wound || Latin || ''vulnus'' || vulnerable |- | '''vulp-''' || fox || Latin || ''[[vulpes]]'' || vulpine |} ===X=== {| class="wikitable" style="background:#CEDFF2; color:black; width:100%" <!-- Greek only --> |- ! Root !! Meaning in English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Examples |- | '''xanth-''' || yellow || Greek || (xanthos) || xanthogenic |- | '''xen-''' || foreign || Greek || (xenos) || [[xenophobia]] |- | '''xer-''' || dry || Greek || (xeros) || [[xerography]] |- | '''xiph-''' || sword || Greek || (xiphos) || xiphoid |- | '''xyl-''' || wood || Greek || (xulon) || [[xylophone]] |} <span id="Y" /> ==Z== {| class="wikitable" style="background:#CEDFF2; color:black; width:100%" <!-- Greek only --> |- ! Root !! Meaning In English !! Origin Language !! Etymology (Root Origin) !! English Example |- | '''-zo-''' | animal, living being | Greek | (zōion) | [[protozoa]], zoo, [[zoology]] |- | '''zon-''' || belt, girdle || Greek || ζωνη (zōnē) || zone |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''zyg-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> yoke, joined, paired | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (zugon) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> heterozygous, [[zygote]] |- | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> '''zym-''' | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> ferment | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> Greek | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> (zumē) | bgcolor="#cedff2" | <font color="black"> [[enzyme]], [[lysozyme]] |} == See also == * [[Interlingua]] * [[International Scientific Vocabulary]] * [[List of Latin words with English derivatives]] * [[List of Greek words with English derivatives]] * [[List of Germanic and Latinate equivalents in English]] == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == * [http://web.archive.org/web/20070823220828/http://cdsjcl.f2g.net/derivatives.html List of Latin Derivatives] [[Category:Greek language]] [[Category:Latin language]] [[Category:Interlingua]] [[fr:Racine grecque]] [[fr:Racines latines]]