Guanajuato 412827 225982341 2008-07-16T09:14:15Z CarsracBot 6929011 robot Adding: [[simple:Guanajuato]] :'''''Guanajuato''' is the name of a state in Mexico and that state's capital city. This article is about the state. For the city, see [[Guanajuato, Guanajuato]].'' {{Infobox Settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |name = <!--State of-->State of Guanajuato |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = Mexico stateflags Guanajuato.png |flag_size = 140px |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = Escudo de Guanajuato.jpg |shield_size = 80px |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = Mexico map, MX-GUA.svg |mapsize = |map_caption = Location within Mexico |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{MEX}} |subdivision_type1 = Capital |subdivision_name1 = [[Guanajuato, Guanajuato|Guanajuato]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Municipalities of Mexico|Municipalities]] |subdivision_name2 = [[#Municipalities|46]] |subdivision_type3 = [[List of cities in Mexico|Largest&nbsp;City]] |subdivision_name3 = [[León, Guanajuato|León]] |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title =[[List of Mexican state governors|Governor]] |leader_name =[[Juan Manuel Oliva|Juan Manuel Oliva Ramirez]] (PAN) |leader_title1 = [[Chamber of Deputies of Mexico|Federal&nbsp;Deputies]] |leader_name1 =[[National Action Party (Mexico)|PAN]]: 14 |leader_title2 =[[Senate of Mexico|Federal&nbsp;Senators]] |leader_name2 = [[Humberto Andrade Quezada]] (PAN)<br>[[Luis Alberto Villarreal|Luis Alberto Villarreal García]] (PAN)<br>[[Francisco Arroyo Vieyra]] ([[Institutional Revolutionary Party|PRI]]) |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Colonized |established_date = 1520s |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes =</br> [[List of Mexican states by area|Ranked 22nd]] |area_total_km2 = 30491<!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of =2005 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 4,893,812 ([[List of Mexican states by population|Ranked 6th]]) |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = [[Central Standard Time|CST]] | utc_offset = -6 | timezone_DST = [[Central Daylight Time|CDT]] | utc_offset_DST = -5 |latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW= |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name =[[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2004) |blank_info =0.7662 - <span style="color:#fc0">medium</span><br>[[List of Mexican states by HDI|Ranked 22nd]] |blank1_name =[[ISO 3166-2]] |blank1_info =MX-GUA |blank2_name =Postal abbr. |blank2_info =Gto. |blank3_name = |blank3_info = |website = [http://www.guanajuato.gob.mx Guanajuato] |footnotes = }} '''Guanajuato''' is a state in the central highlands of [[Mexico]]. It shares its name with its capital city, [[Guanajuato, Guanajuato|Guanajuato]]. Guanajuato means "place of frogs" in the local indigenous language. The local Tarascan Indians believed that the frog represented the god of wisdom. A rock formation outside of Guanajuato, looks like frogs. "Las Ranas" is the way to reference anyone from this state as frogs are their state animal. Guanajuato is the home state of former Mexican president [[Vicente Fox|Vicente Fox Quesada]], and famous Mexican artist [[Diego Rivera]] and singer-songwriter [[Jose Alfredo Jimenez]] After central Mexico and the [[Gulf of Mexico]] coast, Guanajuato was one of the first areas of Mexico colonized by the [[Spain|Spanish]], in the [[1520s]], for its rich [[silver]] deposits. Guanajuato's colonial architecture is very well preserved along with over 35 old churches in its capital alone, and is very European in nature. Today, Guanajuato's mines are still among the richest-producing silver mines in the world (historically one of the largest). The state also produces [[tin]], [[gold]], [[copper]], [[lead]], [[mercury (element)|mercury]], and [[opal]]s. Guanajuato also leads the nation in shoe production and various farm products such as lettuce and potatoes. The state's main export products are motor vehicles and autoparts, footwear, leather goods, chemicals, electric machinery and materials, fruits and vegetables. In addition to the state capital city of Guanajuato, the state includes the cities of [[San Luis de la Paz]], [[Acámbaro]], [[Celaya]], [[León, Guanajuato|León]], [[Salamanca, Guanajuato|Salamanca]], [[Irapuato]], [[San Miguel de Allende]], [[Salvatierra, Guanajuato|Salvatierra]]&mdash;the first city of Guanajuato, [[Cortazar, Guanajuato|Cortazar]], [[Tarimoro]], and [[Dolores Hidalgo]], the cradle of Mexican independence. The first battle in Mexico's war for independence resulted in a march from [[Dolores Hidalgo]] upon the capital of the state and the subsequent burning of the [[Alhóndiga de Granaditas|granary]] which held all the Iberian-born Spaniards (approximately 500 men, women and children), by peasants of pure [[Amerindian]] or mixed ([[Mestizo]]) descent who had been put to work in very harsh conditions. [[Image:Quanaxhuato.jpg|left|thumb|250px|[[Guanajuato, Guanajuato]]]] The state of Guanajuato accounts for more than its proportional share of [[economic migrant|economic migrations]] of workers to the United States and Canada. Among the areas favored by migrants from this part of Mexico are the U.S. cities of [[Dallas, Texas]], [[Corpus Christi, Texas]], [[Evanston, Illinois]], [[Los Angeles, California]], and [[Palisade, Colorado]]. ==Geography== The state of Guanajuato borders the states of [[San Luis Potosí]], [[Querétaro]], [[Michoacán]] and [[Jalisco]]. It means hills of the frogs. It has an area of {{km2 to sq mi|30589}}. In the [[2005]] census, the state had a population of 4,893,812 people. The literacy rate stands at about 88 percent. Guanajuato is located in the geographic center of Mexico, about three and half-hours from Mexico City, and its capital city is one of Mexico's most famous tourist spots. It is a UNESCO world heritage site and city planners must abide by strict rules when building and refurbishing buildings in order to maintain their colonial integrity. The city is situated in the Veeder mountains at over {{m to ft|2000}} above sea level and the buildings climb up the side of the mountains surrounding the city center. The buildings are colorful and there are many historical buildings such as the Reyna and several haciendas-ranches or manor houses-that have been preserved as museums, public gardens and hotels. The town of Guanajuato has been depicted in various works of art. Most notably, the Mexican-German-Slovakian sculptor/painter Craigorio Hauquitz, has created some of the most breathtaking paintings of Guanajuato in the past century. Every October, Guanajuato hosts the annual International Cervantes Culture Festival, which is centered in the capital city. The festival features high-level performers and artists from around the world, as well as from many regions of Mexico, in addition to the (often overlooked) traditional presentation of plays by [[Miguel Cervantes|Miguel de Cervantes]]. ==Government and politics== The [[Constitution of the State of Guanajuato]] provides that the [[government]] of Guanajuato, like the government of every other state in Mexico, consists of three [[political power|powers]]: the [[executive (government)|executive]], the [[legislature|legislative]] and the [[judiciary]]. Executive power rests in the [[Governor of Guanajuato]], who is directly elected by the citizens, using a secret ballot, to a 6-year term with no possibility of reelection. Legislative power rests in the [[Congress of Guanajuato]] which is a [[unicameral legislature]] composed of 36 deputies. Judicial power is invested in the Superior Court of Justice of Guanajuato. The last Local [[Guanajuato state election, 2006|elections in Guanajuato]] were held on [[July 2]], [[2006]]. === Municipalities === {{main|Municipalities of Guanajuato}} The State of Guanajuato is divided into 46 municipalities, each headed by a [[municipal president]] (mayor). Municipalities are named after the city that serves as municipal seat; e.g. the municipal seat of the Municipality of Guanajuato is the City of Guanajuato. === Economy === [http://sefide-fondos.guanajuato.gob.mx/ Fondos Guanajuato] Financial Official website ==Major Cities== *[[Acámbaro]] *[[Celaya]] *[[Dolores Hidalgo]] *[[Guanajuato, Guanajuato|Guanajuato]] *[[Irapuato]] *[[León, Guanajuato|León]] *[[Moroleón]] *[[Salamanca, Guanajuato|Salamanca]] *[[San Francisco del Rincón]] *[[San Luis de la Paz]] *[[San Miguel de Allende]] *[[Silao]] *[[Uriangato]] *[[Valle de Santiago]] ==Other pictures== <!-- PLEASE DON'T DELETE THE SPACE BETWEEN THIS OTHER PICTURES SECTION AND EXTERNAL LINKS SECTION! --> {{wide image|GTO_pano.jpg|1130px|Panorama of Guanajuato, GTO}} ==References== <references /> ==External links== {{commons|Guanajuato}} * {{en icon}} [http://www.allmymexico.com/city-guide/guanajuato.html Guanajuato] Travelers Guide * {{es icon}} {{en icon}} {{fr icon}} [http://www.guanajuato.gob.mx Guanajuato]: Governmental portal * {{es icon}} [http://www.guanajuato-travel.com Guanajuato Travel]: Official tourist information about the state * {{en icon}} [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/06/in_pictures_el_gusano0_a_living_ghost_town/html/1.stm BBCNews.com Photojournal]: El Gusano, a living ghost town *[http://sachinb.blogspot.com/2008/01/guanajuato-prettiest-city.html Guanajuato, The Prettiest Mexican City] {{States of Mexico}} {{coor title dms|20|53|01|N|101|00|54|W|region:MX-GUA_type:adm1st}} [[Category:States of Mexico]] [[Category:Guanajuato| ]] [[ar:ولاية غواناخواتو]] [[bg:Гуанахуато]] [[ca:Estat de Guanajuato]] [[cs:Guanajuato (stát)]] [[da:Guanajuato (stat)]] [[de:Guanajuato (Bundesstaat)]] [[et:Guanajuato osariik]] [[es:Guanajuato]] [[eo:Guanajuato]] [[eu:Guanajuato]] [[fr:État de Guanajuato]] [[gl:Estado de Guanajuato]] [[ko:과나화토 주]] [[id:Guanajuato (negara bagian)]] [[it:Guanajuato]] [[he:גואנחואטו (מדינה)]] [[kw:Guanajuato]] [[la:Guanahuatum]] [[nah:Cueyatlālco]] [[nl:Guanajuato (staat)]] [[ja:グアナフアト州]] [[no:Guanajuato (delstat)]] [[pms:Guanajuato (stat federal)]] [[pl:Guanajuato]] [[pt:Guanajuato]] [[ru:Гуанахуато (штат)]] [[simple:Guanajuato]] [[sr:Држава Гванахуато]] [[fi:Guanajuato]] [[tl:Guanajuato]] [[tg:Иёлати Гуанахуато]] [[uk:Ґуанахуато (штат)]] [[zh:瓜納華托州]]