Guanosine triphosphate 396089 222187405 2008-06-28T00:02:48Z Ginosbot 7020891 robot Modifying: [[pt:Trifosfato de guanosina]] {{Chembox new | ImageFile = GTP_chemical_structure.png | ImageSize = | IUPACName = | OtherNames = guanosine-5'-triphosphate, 9-β-D-ribofuranosylguanine-5'-triphosphate, 9-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-amino-6-oxo-purine-5'-triphosphate | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = 86-01-1 | PubChem = | SMILES = | MeSHName = Guanosine+triphosphate }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>5</sub>O<sub>14</sub>P<sub>3</sub> | MolarMass = 523.18 | Appearance = | Density = | MeltingPt = | BoilingPt = }} | Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards | Solubility = | MainHazards = | FlashPt = | Autoignition = }} }} '''Guanosine-5'-triphosphate''' ('''GTP''') is a [[purine]] [[nucleotide]]. One role is as substrate for the synthesis of [[RNA]] during [[transcription (genetics)|transcription]]. Its structure is similar to that of the [[guanine]] nucleoside, the only difference being that there are three extra [[phosphate]] groups added on to the 5' carbon. It also has the role of a source of energy or an activator of substrates in metabolic reactions, like that of [[adenosine triphosphate|ATP]], but more specific. It is used as a source of energy for [[protein biosynthesis|protein synthesis]]. GTP is essential to [[signal transduction]], particularly with [[G-proteins]], where it is converted to [[Guanosine diphosphate|GDP]] (guanosine diphosphate) through the action of [[GTPase]]s. ==Energy transfer== GTP is involved in energy transfer within the cell. For instance, a GTP molecule is generated by one of the enzymes in the [[citric acid cycle]]. This is tantamount to the generation of one molecule of [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]], since GTP is readily converted to ATP.<ref name=[[Stryer]]>{{cite book |last= Berg |first=JM |coauthors= JL Tymoczko, L Stryer |title= Biochemistry|edition=5th Edition |pages =476|publisher= WH Freeman and Company |year=2002 |isbn= 0-7167-4684-0}}</ref> ==cGTP== <!--cyclic guanosine triphosphate redirects here--> Cyclic guanosine triphosphate (cGTP) helps [[cyclic adenosine monophosphate]] (cAMP) activate [[cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel]]s in the [[olfactory system]] <ref name=boron> Medical Physiology, Boron & Boulpaep, ISBN 1-4160-2328-3, Elsevier Saunders 2005. Updated edition. Page 90. </ref>. ==References== <references/> {{Nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides}} [[Category:Nucleotides]] {{biochem-stub}} [[cs:Guanosintrifosfát]] [[da:Guanosintrifosfat]] [[de:Guanosintriphosphat]] [[es:Guanosín trifosfato]] [[eo:Guanosina trifosfato]] [[fr:Guanosine triphosphate]] [[it:Guanosintrifosfato]] [[lt:GTP]] [[hu:Guanozin-trifoszfát]] [[nl:Guanosinetrifosfaat]] [[ja:グアノシン三リン酸]] [[pl:Guanozynotrifosforan]] [[pt:Trifosfato de guanosina]] [[fi:Guanosiinitrifosfaatti]] [[sv:Guanosintrifosfat]] [[zh:三磷酸鸟苷]]