Hakea 2092611 222247511 2008-06-28T09:15:36Z SatuSuro 278097 adding link {{Taxobox | name = ''Hakea'' | image = Pincushion hakea03.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = ''[[Hakea laurina]]'' (Pincushion Hakea) | regnum = [[Plant]]ae | divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Proteales]] | familia = [[Proteaceae]] | subfamilia = [[Grevilleoideae]] | genus = '''''Hakea''''' | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text. }} '''Hakea''' ('''''Hakea''''') is a genus of 149 species of [[shrub]]s and small [[tree]]s in the '''[[Proteaceae]]''', native to [[Australia]]. They are found throughout the country, with the highest species diversity being found in the [[Southwest, Western Australia|south west]] of [[Western Australia]]. They can reach 1-6&nbsp;m in height, and have spirally arranged [[leaf|leaves]] 2-20 cm long, simple or compound, sometimes (e.g. ''H. suaveolens'') with the leaflets thin cylindrical and [[Juncaceae|rush]]-like. The [[flower]]s are produced in dense flowerheads of variable shape, globose to cylindrical, 3-10 cm long, with numerous small red, yellow, pink, purple, pale blue or white flowers. Hakeas are named after Baron [[Christian Ludwig von Hake]], the [[18th century]] [[Germany|German]] patron of [[botany]], following [[Heinrich Schrader (botanist)|Heinrich Schrader]]'s description of ''[[Hakea teretifolia]]'' in [[1797]]. It is now widely accepted that ''[[Grevillea]]'' is [[paraphyly|paraphyletic]] with respect to ''Hakea''. It is likely, therefore, that ''Hakea'' will soon be transferred into ''Grevillea''. <!-- (Briggs 98)? No mention in (Young 2006). Added oldid=159064753 (2007) --> ===Classification=== Hakeas are closely related to the genus ''[[Grevillea]]'' and ''[[Finschia]]'', both members of the subfamily '''[[Grevilleoideae]]''' within the family '''Proteaceae'''. Many species have similar [[inflorescences]], but hakeas can be distinguished by their woody seed pods. ===Horticulture=== Hakeas are popular [[ornamental plant]]s in [[garden]]s in Australia, though not nearly as commonly seen as grevilleas and banksias. Several [[hybrid (biology)|hybrid]]s and [[cultivar]]s have been developed. They are best grown in beds of light soil which is watered but still well drained. Some showy western species, such as ''[[Hakea multilineata]]'', ''[[Hakea francisiana|H. francisiana]]'' and ''[[Hakea bucculenta|H. bucculenta]]'', require [[grafting]] onto hardy stock such as ''[[Hakea salicifolia]]'' for growing in more humid climates, as they are sensitive to [[Phytophthora cinnamomi|dieback]]. Many species, particularly (but not always) Eastern Australian species, are notable for their hardiness, to the point they have become weedy. ''[[Hakea gibbosa]]'', ''[[Hakea sericea|H. sericea]]'' and ''[[Hakea drupacea|H. drupacea]]'' (previously ''H. suaveolens'') have been weeds in [[South Africa]], ''[[Hakea laurina]]'' has become naturalized around [[Adelaide]]. ===Species=== {| |- valign=top | *''[[Hakea actites]]'' (Mulloway Needlebush, Wallum Hakea) *''[[Hakea aculeata]]'' (Column Hakea) *''[[Hakea acuminata]]'' *''[[Hakea adnata]]'' *''[[Hakea aenigma]]'' *''[[Hakea ambigua]]'' *''[[Hakea amplexicaulis]]'' (Prickly Hakea) *''[[Hakea anadenia]]'' *''[[Hakea arborescens]]'' (Yellow Hakea, Arrarruwurra (''Groote Eylandt''), Derinding (''Kununurra'')) *''[[Hakea archaeoides]]'' *''[[Hakea auriculata]]'' *''[[Hakea bakeriana]]'' *''[[Hakea baxteri]]'' (Fan Hakea) *''[[Hakea bicornata]]'' *''[[Hakea brachyptera]]'' *''[[Hakea brownii]]'' (Fan-leaf Hakea) *''[[Hakea bucculenta]]'' (Red Pokers) *''[[Hakea candolleana]]'' *''[[Hakea carinata]]'' *''[[Hakea ceratophylla]]'' (Staghorn Hakea) *''[[Hakea chordophylla]]'' (Bootlace Oak, Bull Oak) *''[[Hakea cinerea]]'' *''[[Hakea circumalata]]'' *''[[Hakea clavata]]'' (Coastal Hakea) *''[[Hakea collina]]'' *''[[Hakea commutata]]'' *''[[Hakea conchifolia]]'' *''[[Hakea constablei]]'' *''[[Hakea corymbosa]]'' (Cauliflower Hakea) *''[[Hakea costata]]'' (Ribbed Hakea) *''[[Hakea crassifolia]]'' *''[[Hakea cristata]]'' *''[[Hakea cucullata]]'' (Scallops Hakea) *''[[Hakea cyclocarpa]]'' (Curved Fruit Hakea) *''[[Hakea cycloptera]]'' (Elm-seed Hakea) *''[[Hakea cygna]]'' *''[[Hakea dactyloides]]'' (Broad-leaved Hakea) *''[[Hakea denticulata]]'' (Stinking Roger) *''[[Hakea decurrens]]'' *''[[Hakea divaricata]]'' (Corkbark) *''[[Hakea dohertyi]]'' *''[[Hakea drupacea]]'' (previously ''H. suaveolens'') *''[[Hakea elliptica]]'' (Oval-leaf Halea) *''[[Hakea edneiana]]'' (Flinders Range Hakea, Yantana, Yandena) *''[[Hakea eneabba]]'' *''[[Hakea epiglottis]]'' *''[[Hakea erecta]]'' *''[[Hakea eriantha]]'' (Tree Hakea) *''[[Hakea erinacea]]'' (Hedgehog Hakea) *''[[Hakea eyreana]]'' (Straggly Corkbark, Fork-leaved Ironwood) *''[[Hakea falcata]]'' *''[[Hakea ferruginea]]'' *''[[Hakea flabellifolia]]'' (Wedge Hakea) *''[[Hakea florida]]'' (Summer Snow) *''[[Hakea florulenta]]'' (Sweet-scented Hakea) *''[[Hakea francisiana]]'' (Grass Leaf Hakea) *''[[Hakea fraseri]]'' *''[[Hakea gibbosa]]'' (Hairy Hakea, Rock Hakea) *''[[Hakea gilbertii]]'' *''[[Hakea grammatophylla]]'' *''[[Hakea hastata]]'' *''[[Hakea hookeriana]]'' (Barren Range Hakea) *''[[Hakea horrida]]'' *''[[Hakea ilicifolia]]'' (Holly-leaved Hakea) *''[[Hakea incrassata]]'' (Marble Hakea) *''[[Hakea invaginata]]'' *''[[Hakea ivoryi]]'' (Ivory's Hakea, Corkbark Corkwood) *''[[Hakea kippistiana]]'' *''[[Hakea laevipes]]'' *''[[Hakea lasiantha]]'' (Woolly Hakea) *''[[Hakea lasianthoides]]'' *''[[Hakea laurina]]'' (Pincushion Hakea) *''[[Hakea lehmanniana]]'' (Blue Hakea) *''[[Hakea leucoptera]]'' (Needlewood Hakea, Ilpeye (''[[Arrernte language|Arrernte]]'')) *''[[Hakea linearis]]'' | *''[[Hakea lissocarpha]]'' (Honeybush Hakea) *''[[Hakea lissosperma]]'' (Mountain Needlewood) *''[[Hakea longiflora]]'' *''[[Hakea loranthifolia]]'' *''[[Hakea lorea]]'' (Bootlace Tree) *''[[Hakea maconochieana]]'' *''[[Hakea macraeana]]'' (Willow Needlewood) *''[[Hakea macrorhyncha]]'' *''[[Hakea marginata]]'' *''[[Hakea megadenia]]'' *''[[Hakea megalosperma]]'' (Lesueur Hakea) *''[[Hakea meisneriana]]'' *''[[Hakea microcarpa]]'' (Small fruit Hakea, Adam's Needle) *''[[Hakea minyma]]'' *''[[Hakea mitchellii]]'' *''[[Hakea muelleriana]]'' (Desert Hakea) *''[[Hakea multilineata]]'' (Grass-leaved Hakea) *''[[Hakea myrtoides]]'' *''[[Hakea neurophylla]]'' *''[[Hakea newbeyana]]'' *''[[Hakea nitida]]'' *''[[Hakea nodosa]]'' (Yellow Hakea) *''[[Hakea obliqua]]'' (Needles & Corks) *''[[Hakea obtusa]]'' *''[[Hakea ochroptera]]'' *''[[Hakea oleifolia]]'' (Olive-leaf Hakea) *''[[Hakea orthorrhyncha]]'' (Bird Beak Hakea) *''[[Hakea pachyphylla]]'' *''[[Hakea pandanicarpa]]'' *''[[Hakea pedunculata]]'' *''[[Hakea pendens]]'' *''[[Hakea persiehana]]'' *''[[Hakea petiolaris]]'' (Sea Urchin Hakea) *''[[Hakea platysperma]]'' (Cricket Ball Hakea) *''[[Hakea plurinervia]]'' *''[[Hakea polyanthema]]'' *''[[Hakea preissii]]'' (Christmas Hakea) *''[[Hakea pritzelii]]'' *''[[Hakea propinqua]]'' *''[[Hakea prostrata]]'' (Harsh Hakea) *''[[Hakea psilorrhyncha]]'' *''[[Hakea pulvinifera]]'' *''[[Hakea purpurea]]'' *''[[Hakea pycnoneura]]'' *''[[Hakea recurva]]'' (Standback) *''[[Hakea repullulans]]'' *''[[Hakea rhombales]]'' *''[[Hakea rigida]]'' *''[[Hakea rostrata]]'' (Beaked Hakea, Turkey Gobblers, Kidney Bush) *''[[Hakea rugosa]]'' (Dwarf hakea, Wrinkled Hakea) *''[[Hakea ruscifolia]]'' (Candle Spike Hakea) *''[[Hakea salicifolia]]'' (Willow-leaved Hakea) *''[[Hakea scoparia]]'' *''[[Hakea sericea]]'' (Needlebush) *''[[Hakea smilacifolia]]'' *''[[Hakea spathulata]]'' *''[[Hakea standleyensis]]'' *''[[Hakea stenocarpa]]'' *''[[Hakea stenophylla]]'' *''[[Hakea strumosa]]'' *''[[Hakea subsulcata]]'' *''[[Hakea sulcata]]'' *''[[Hakea teretifolia]]'' (Dagger Hakea) *''[[Hakea tephrosperma]]'' (Hooked Needlewood, Striped Hakea) *''[[Hakea trifurcata]]'' (Two-leaf Hakea) *''[[Hakea trineura]]'' *''[[Hakea tuberculata]]'' *''[[Hakea undulata]]'' *''[[Hakea ulicina]]'' *''[[Hakea varia]]'' (Variable Leaved Hakea) *''[[Hakea verrucosa]]'' *''[[Hakea victoria]]'' (Royal Hakea) *''[[Hakea vittata]]'' |} ==References== {{Commons|Hakea}} * {{cite book|author=Barker WR, Barker RM, Haegi L|year=1999|chapter=Hakea|editor=Wilson, Annette (ed.)|title=Flora of Australia: Volume 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra|pages=1&ndash;170|publisher=CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study|id=ISBN 0-643-06454-0}} * {{cite book|author=Holliday Ivan |year=2005|title=Hakeas:a field and garden guide|publisher=Reed New Holland|id=ISBN 1-877069-14-0}} * {{cite book|author=Young, JA |year=2006|title=Hakeas of Western Australia : a field and identification guide|publisher= <!-- self --> |isbn = 9780958577823}} <gallery> Image:Hakea corymbosa.JPG|''Hakea corymbosa'' from southwest WA Image:H petiolaris4 keilor bg email.jpg|''Hakea petiolaris'' from southwest WA Image:Hakea bakeriana2 april 04 email.jpg|''Hakea bakeriana'' from NSW Central Coast Image:Hakea archaeoides 1 email.jpg|''Hakea archaeoides'', from NSW North Coast Image:Hakea-seed.jpg|Hakea seed pod, ACT, Aust. Image:20070521 Pincushion Hakea Flower.jpg|Flower of Hakea laurina (Pincushion Hakea) in Bonbeach, Victoria, Australia </gallery> ==External links== *{{Flora of Australia Online|name=''Hakea''|id=3144}} *{{FloraBase|name=''Hakea''|id=21320}} * [http://asgap.org.au/hakea.html The ''Hakea'' Page: index] [[Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants]] [[Category:Hakea| ]] [[de:Hakea]] [[es:Hakea]] [[fr:Hakea]] [[pt:Hakea]] [[sv:Hakeor]]