Harald Sverdrup
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'''Harald Ulrik Sverdrup''' ([[November 15]], [[1888]] – [[August 21]], [[1957]]) was a [[Norway|Norwegian]] [[oceanography|oceanographer]] and [[meteorology|meteorologist]] who made a number of important theoretical discoveries in these fields. Having first worked in [[Bergen, Norway|Bergen]] and [[Leipzig]] he was involved in the [[North Pole|North Polar]] expedition of [[Roald Amundsen]] between [[1917]] and [[1925]], before taking the chair in meteorology at Bergen, where his primary interest slowly became oceanography.
He was made director of California's [[Scripps Institution of Oceanography]] in [[1936]], initially for 3 years but the intervention of [[World War II]] meant he held the post until [[1948]]. During 33 expeditions with the research vessel ''E. W. Scripps'' in the years 1938-1941 he produced a detailed oceanographic dataset off the coast of California. He also developed the theory of ocean circulation known as [[Sverdrup balance]], the first truly accurate description of the phenomenon. After leaving SIO, he returned home to become director of the [[Norwegian Polar Institute]] and continued to contribute to oceanography, ocean biology and polar research.
His many publications include the ''magnum opus'' '''The Oceans: Their Physics, Chemistry and General Biology''' by Harald Sverdrup, [[Martin W. Johnson]] and Richard H. Fleming (1942, new edition 1970).
He was a member of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|American]] and [[Norwegian Academy of Science|Norwegian Academies of Science]] and the [[Sweden|Swedish]] [[Order of the North Star]]. The [[sverdrup]], a unit of volume flux, bears his name.
==External links==
* [http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/biomems/hsverdrup.html National Academy of Sciences biography]
* [http://scripps.ucsd.edu/ Scripps Institution of Oceanography]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sverdrup, Harald}}
[[Category:1888 births]]
[[Category:1957 deaths]]
[[Category:Norwegian scientists]]
[[Category:Norwegian meteorologists]]
[[Category:Oceanographers]]
[[Category:Scripps Institution of Oceanography]]
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[[ja:ハラルド・スヴェルドラップ]]
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[[no:Harald Ulrik Sverdrup]]
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[[ru:Свердруп, Харальд Ульрик]]