Hawk 56890 225681606 2008-07-14T21:43:48Z MattieTK 434929 Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/70.49.129.134|70.49.129.134]] to last version by 212.156.174.144 (using [[WP:HG|Huggle]]) {{otheruses}} {{Taxobox | name = Hawk | image = Accipiter striatusDO1908P02CA.JPG | image_width = 180px | image_caption = [[Sharp-shinned Hawk]] | regnum = [[Animal]]ia | phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] | classis = [[bird|Aves]] | ordo = [[Falconiformes]] }} The term '''hawk''' can be used in several ways: * In strict usage in [[Europe]] and [[Asia]], to mean any of the [[species]] in the [[subfamily]] [[Accipitrinae]] in the [[genus|genera]] ''[[Accipiter]]'', ''[[Micronisus]]'', ''[[Melierax]]'', ''[[Urotriorchis]]'' and ''[[Megatriorchis]]''. The large and widespread ''[[Accipiter]]'' includes [[goshawk]]s, [[sparrowhawk]]s <!-- this is a link to a disambiguation page which contains an appropriate list -->, the [[Sharp-shinned Hawk]] and others. These are mainly woodland birds with long tails and high visual acuity, hunting by sudden dashes from a concealed perch. * More generally (especially in [[North America]]) to mean small to medium-sized members of (often) the [[Falconidae]], [[Pandionidae]] (the Osprey) and the [[Accipitridae]] - the family which includes the "true hawks" ([[Accipiter]]s) as well as [[eagle]]s, [[Kite (bird)|kite]]s, [[harrier (bird)|harrier]]s and [[Buteo|buzzard]]s. [[Image:Sacramento Zoo - Red-tailed Hawk 02.jpg|left|thumb|A Red-Tailed Hawk at the Sacramento Zoo in [[Sacramento]], CA, USA]] * Loosely, to mean almost any [[bird of prey]] outside of the order [[Strigiformes]] (owls). The common names of birds in various parts of the world often use ''hawk'' in the second sense. For example, the Osprey or "fish hawk"; or, in North America, the various ''Buteo'' species (e.g., the [[Red-tailed Hawk]], ''B. jamaicensis''). In February 2005, [[Canada|Canadian]] [[ornithologist]] [[Louis Lefebvre]] announced a method of measuring avian "[[IQ]]" in terms of their innovation in feeding habits.<ref>http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2005-02/nsae-bit021605.php</ref> Hawks were named among the most intelligent birds based on his scale. Hawks are widely reputed to have visual acuity several times that of a normal human being. This is due to the many [[photoreceptor]]s in the [[retina]] (up to 1,000,000 per square mm for ''Buteo'', against 200,000 for humans), an exceptional number of [[Neuron|nerves]] connecting these receptors to the [[brain]], and an indented [[fovea]], which magnifies the central portion of the [[visual field]]. ==References== {{refist}} == External Links == * [http://karalahana.com/karalahana/karadeniz/sehir_rehberi/Hawking.html Sparrow hawks and Hawking , Turkey] [[Category:Heraldic birds]] [[Category:Birds of prey]] [[ang:Hafoc]] [[ca:Falcó]] [[de:Habicht]] [[es:Halcón]] [[fa:شاهين]] [[fr:Accipiter]] [[ko:수리매]] [[io:Sparviero]] [[id:Rajawali]] [[iu:ᑭᒡᒐᕕᒃ/kiggavik]] [[hu:Héjaformák]] [[ja:鷹]] [[nl:Accipiter]] [[pl:Jastrzębie]] [[pt:Gavião]] [[ru:Ястребы]] [[sr:Соко]] [[sv:Hökar]] [[vi:Diều hâu]]