Homicide
123451
220056039
2008-06-18T02:10:22Z
Blanchardb
5311630
Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/60.49.126.87|60.49.126.87]] (using [[WP:HG|Huggle]])
{{otheruses}}
{{homicide}}
'''Homicide''' ([[Latin]] ''homicidium'', ''homo'' human being + ''caedere'' to cut, kill) refers to the act of killing another [[human being]].<ref>[http://www.nolo.com/definition.cfm/Term/51AB22D3-86AB-4B55-8648BC28B45909C0/alpha/H/ Nolo Press]</ref> It can also describe a person who has committed such an act, though this use is rare in modern English. Homicide is not always an illegal act.
==Homicidal crimes==
'''Criminal homicide''' is a [[malum in se]] crime, and every legal system contains some form of prohibition or regulation of criminal homicide.
Homicidal crimes in some [[criminal jurisdiction]]s include:
* [[Murder]]/[[murder in English law]]
**[[Felony murder]]
**[[Capital murder]]
* [[Manslaughter]]/[[manslaughter in English law]]
** [[Voluntary manslaughter]]
** [[Involuntary manslaughter]]
** [[Intoxicating manslaughter]]
** [[Death by dangerous driving]]
** [[Reckless manslaughter]]
* Criminal Homicide
** [[Culpable homicide]] (in [[Scots law]])
** [[Negligent homicide]]
** Criminally negligent homicide
Many forms of homicide have their own term based on the person being killed.
* [[Infanticide]] - Killing of an infant
* [[Fratricide]] - Killing of one's brother; in a military context, killing of a friendly combatant
* [[Sororicide]] - Killing of one's sister
* [[Parricide]] - Killing of one's parents
* [[Patricide]] - Killing of one's father
* [[Matricide]] - Killing of one's mother
* [[Mariticide]] - Killing of one's spouse
* [[Uxoricide]] - Killing of one's wife
* [[Filicide]] - Killing of one's child
* [[Regicide]] - Killing of a [[monarch]].
* [[Genocide]] - Killing of a national, ethnic, racial or religious group
==Non-criminal homicide==
{{Main|Justifiable homicide}}
Homicides do not always involve a crime. Sometimes the law allows homicide by allowing certain [[Defense (legal)|defense]]s to criminal charges. One of the most recognized is [[Self-defense (theory)|self defense]], which provides that a person is entitled to commit homicide to protect his or her own life from a deadly attack.
Some defenses include:
* [[Self-defense (theory)]]
* [[Insanity defense]]
* [[Duress]]
== State-sanctioned homicide==
Homicides may also be non-criminal when conducted with the sanction of the state. The most obvious example is [[capital punishment]], in which the state determines that a person should die. Homicides committed during [[war]] are usually not subject to [[criminal prosecution]] either.
==References==
<references/>
==See also==
* [[Suicide]] - Killing of oneself
* [[Murder book]] - A homicide case file
{{law}}
[[Category:Homicide| ]]
[[Category:Crimes]]
[[Category:Causes of death]]
[[Category:Murder]]
[[ar:قتل]]
[[de:Tötungsdelikt]]
[[es:Homicidio]]
[[fa:قتل]]
[[fr:Homicide]]
[[hr:Ubojstvo]]
[[it:Omicidio]]
[[he:הריגה]]
[[simple:Homicide]]
[[sh:Ubojstvo]]
[[fi:Henkirikos]]
[[zh:杀人]]