Honolulu, Hawaii 13887 225715962 2008-07-15T01:30:30Z Mlaffs 5875630 /* 17 AM radio stations */ disambiguation {{Nofootnotes|article|date=January 2008}} {{for|the city and county of Honolulu|Honolulu County, Hawaii}} {{Redirect|Honolulu}} {{Infobox Settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |official_name = Honolulu, Hawaii |other_name = |native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = "Crossroads of the Pacific" and "Sheltered Bay" |settlement_type = [[Census-designated place|CDP]] |motto = Ha’aheo No ‘O Honolulu (Honolulu Pride) <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline = Downtown Honolulu.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = Honolulu city flag.png| |flag_size = |image_seal = Honolulu city seal.png |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = Honolulu_County_Hawaii_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Honolulu_Highlighted.svg |mapsize = |map_caption = Location in [[Honolulu County, Hawaii|Honolulu County]] and the state of [[Hawaii]] |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]] |subdivision_name = [[United States]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Hawaii]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = [[Mayor of Honolulu|Mayor]] |leader_name = [[Mufi Hannemann]] |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = 1 E8 |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 272.1 |area_land_km2 = 222.0 |area_water_km2 = 50.1 |area_total_sq_mi = 105 |area_land_sq_mi = 85.7 |area_water_sq_mi = 19.3 |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = [[United States Census, 2000|2000]] |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 371,657 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = 909,863 |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = [[Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time]] |utc_offset = -10 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = -10 |latd = 21 |latm = 18 |lats = 32 |latNS = N |longd = 157 |longm = 49 |longs = 34 |longEW = W |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = Sea Level 0 |elevation_ft = 0 <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = Zip Code |postal_code = 96801-96825 |area_code = [[Area code 808|808]] |blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |blank_info = 15-17000 |blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |blank1_info = 0366212 |website = http://www.honolulu.gov/ |footnotes = }} '''Honolulu''' is the [[capital]] and most populous [[census-designated place]] (CDP) in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Hawaii]]. Although ''Honolulu'' refers to the city itself along the south shore of the island, it is commonly designated {{Fact|date=March 2008}} as the entire island of [[Oahu]]. In the [[Hawaiian language]], ''Honolulu'' means "sheltered bay" or "place of shelter." It lies along the southeast coast of the island of Oahu and of the [[Honolulu County, Hawaii|City & County of Honolulu]]. The population was 371,657 at the [[United States Census, 2000|2000 census]]. Honolulu is the only incorporated city in Hawaii; all other local government entities in Hawaii are administered at the [[county (United States)|county]] level. The island of [[Oahu]] (approximately {{convert|600|sqmi|km2|-2|disp=/}}) is under the administrative jurisdiction of the consolidated [[City and County of Honolulu]]. ==History== It is not known when Honolulu was first settled by the original [[Polynesia]]n migrants to the archipelago. Oral histories and artifacts indicate that there was a settlement where Honolulu now stands in the 12th century. However, after [[Kamehameha I]] conquered [[Oahu]] in the [[Battle of Nuuanu|Battle of Nu{{okina}}uanu]] at [[Nuuanu Pali|Nu{{okina}}uanu Pali]], he moved his royal court from the [[Hawaii (island)|Island of Hawai{{okina}}i]] to [[Waikiki|Waikīkī]] in 1804. His court later relocated, in 1809, to what is now [[downtown Honolulu]]. [[Image:IMG 9491r-vi.jpg|left|thumb|View of the DFS Galleria in [[Waikiki|Waikīkī]]]] Captain William Brown of England was the first foreigner to sail, in 1794, into what is now Honolulu Harbor. More foreign ships would follow, making the port of Honolulu a focal point for merchant ships traveling between North America and Asia. In 1845, [[Kamehameha III]] moved the permanent capital of the Hawaiian Kingdom from [[Lahaina, Hawaii|Lahaina]] on [[Maui]] to Honolulu. He and the kings that followed him transformed Honolulu into a modern capital, erecting buildings such as [[Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew, Honolulu|St. Andrew's Cathedral]], [[Iolani Palace|{{okina}}Iolani Palace]], and [[Aliiolani Hale|Ali{{okina}}iōlani Hale]]. At the same time, Honolulu became the center of commerce in the Islands, with descendants of American missionaries establishing major businesses in downtown Honolulu. Despite the turbulent history of the late 19th century and early 20th century, which saw the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy, Hawaii's subsequent annexation by the [[United States]], and the [[Japan]]ese [[attack on Pearl Harbor]], Honolulu would remain the capital, largest city, and main airport and seaport of the Hawaiian Islands. An economic and tourism boom following statehood brought rapid economic growth to Honolulu and Hawaii. Modern air travel would bring thousands, eventually millions (per annum) of visitors to the Islands. Today, Honolulu is a modern city with numerous high-rise buildings, and Waikīkī is the center of the tourism industry in Hawaii, with thousands of hotel rooms. ==Geography and climate== [[Image:Honolulu - NASA.jpg|thumb|Honolulu as seen from the [[International Space Station]].]] Honolulu is located at 21°18'32" North, 157°49'34" West (21.308950, -157.826182){{GR|1}}. While the climate is clearly in the [[tropics]], the [[climate]] ([[temperature]] and [[humidity]]) is moderated by the mid-ocean location and some cooling achieved by the [[California Current]] that passes through the islands much of the year. The average daily low and high temperatures in January are 65/80 °F (18/27 °C) and in July are 74/88 °F (23/31 °C). Temperatures exceed 90 °F (32 °C) only rarely, with lows in the 50's °F (15 °C) occurring perhaps once or twice in a year. The hottest [[temperature]] ever recorded in Honolulu was 95 °F (35 °C) on [[September 19]], [[1994]] and the coldest [[temperature]] ever recorded was 53 °F (11.6 °C) on [[January 31]], [[1998]], 1972 and 1948; [[January 20]], [[1969]]; [[February 1]] and [[February 2]], 1976; [[February 9]], [[1981]]; and [[February 12]], [[1983]]. The closest location on the mainland to Honolulu is the [[Point Arena]], [[California]] [[Lighthouse]], at 2,045 [[nautical miles]] (2,353 [[statute miles]]) or 3,787 [[kilometers]].<ref>Microsoft Streets and Trips 2007 Software, Copyright 2006 by Microsoft Corp. et al. Kilometers converted to nautical and statute miles by figures given in The World Almanic and Book of Facts 2007, Copyright World Alamanic Education Group, p.350-353</ref> ([[vessel|Nautical vessels]] require some additional distance to [[circumnavigate]] [[Makapu'u Point]].) However, part of the [[Aleutian Islands]] of [[Alaska]] are slightly closer than California. {| class="wikitable" "text-align:center;font-size:90%;"| | colspan="13" style="text-align:center;font-size:120%;"|Monthly Normal and Record High and Low Temperatures |- ! style="background: #F3552E; color: #000000" height="17" | Month ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Jan ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Feb ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Mar ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Apr ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | May ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Jun ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Jul ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Aug ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Sep ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Oct ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Nov ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" | Dec |- ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Rec High °F (°C) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 88 (31.1) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 88 (31.1) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 88 (31.1) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 91 (32.7) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 93 (33.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 92 (33.3) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 94 (34.4) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 93 (33.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 95 (35) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 94 (34.4) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 93 (33.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 89 (31.6) |- ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Norm High °F | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 80.4 (26.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 80.7 (27.05) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 81.7 (27.6) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 83.1 (28.4) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 84.9 (29.4) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 86.9 (30.5) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 87.8 (31) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 88.9 (31.6) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 88.9 (31.6) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 87.2 (30.6) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 84.3 (29.05) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 81.7 (27.6) |- ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Norm Low °F (°C) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 65.7 (18.7) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 65.4 (18.5) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 66.9 (19.4) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 68.2 (20.1) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 69.6 (20.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 72.1 (22.3) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 73.8 (23.2) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 74.7 (23.7) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 74.2 (23.4) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 73.2 (22.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 71.1 (21.7) | style="text-align:center; background: #F4FFC0; color:#000000;" | 67.8 (19.8) |- ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Rec Low °F (°C) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 53 (11.6) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 53 (11.6) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 55 (12.7) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 57 (13.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 60 (15.5) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 65 (18.3) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 66 (18.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 67 (19.4) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 66 (18.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 61 (16.1) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 57 (13.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FEE040; color:#000000;" | 54 (12.2) |- ! style="background: #F3552E; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Precip in. (mm) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 2.73 (69.3) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 2.35 (59.7) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 1.89 (48) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 1.11 (28.2) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 0.78 (19.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 0.43 (10.9) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 0.5 (12.7) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 0.46 (11.7) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 0.74 (18.8) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 2.18 (55.4) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 2.27 (57.6) | style="text-align:center; background: #FB9B13; color:#000000;" | 2.85 (72.4) |- | colspan="13" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|''Source: USTravelWeather.com [http://www.ustravelweather.com/weather-hawaii/honolulu-weather.asp]'' |} ==Government== [[Image:Honolulu Hale.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Completed in 1928, Honolulu Hale is the seat of the city and county.]] {{main|Honolulu County, Hawaii}} Honolulu is administered under a [[consolidated city-county]] form of government employing a [[mayor-council#Strong-mayor.2C_or_executive.2C_form|strong mayor-council]] system. The [[Mayor of Honolulu]] holds executive privileges{{mdash}}as opposed to mayors with only ceremonial powers{{mdash}}and the [[Honolulu City Council]] serves as the [[legislature]]. [[Mufi Hannemann]] currently serves as Mayor of Honolulu. His term ends [[January 2]], [[2010]]. One of the largest municipal governments in the United States, the city and county works with an annual operating budget of over [[USD]] 1 billion. The [[Honolulu Fire Department]] and [[Honolulu Police Department]] are administered by the mayor and city council through appointed officials. Likewise, other municipal departments oversee services which include civil defense, driver licensing, emergency medical, parks and recreation, sanitation, streets, vehicle registration, voter registration, water, among others. ==Districts== The '''Honolulu District''' is located on the southeast coast of Oahu between [[Makapuu]] and [[Halawa, Hawaii|Halawa]]. The District boundary follows the Koolau crestline, so Makapuu Beach is in the Koolaupoko District. On the west, the district boundary follows Halawa Stream, then crosses [[Red Hill Underground Fuel Storage Facility|Red Hill]] and runs just west of [[Salt Lake, Hawaii|Aliamanu Crater]], so that [[Aloha Stadium]], [[Pearl Harbor]] (with the [[USS Arizona Memorial]]), and [[Hickam Air Force Base]] are actually all located in the island's Ewa District. Most of the city's commercial and industrial developments are located on a narrow but relatively flat coastal plain, while numerous ridges and valleys located inland of the coastal plain divide Honolulu's residential areas into distinct neighborhoods: some spread along valley floors (like Manoa in Manoa Valley) and others climb the interfluvial ridges. Within Honolulu proper can be found several [[volcanic cone]]s: [[Punchbowl Crater|Punchbowl]], [[Diamond Head, Hawaii|Diamond Head]], [[Koko Head]] (includes [[Hanauma Bay]]), Koko Crater, Salt Lake, and Aliamanu being the most conspicuous. Honolulu and [[Juneau, Alaska]] are the only two US state capitals that cannot be reached directly by road from the contiguous 48 States. Direct connections to these capitals require a boat or a plane. ==Neighborhoods and special districts== [[Image:Honolulu01.JPG|thumb|Aerial view of downtown with [[First Hawaiian Center]] in the middle and [[Aloha Tower]] in foreground]] * '''[[Downtown Honolulu]]''' is the financial, commercial, and governmental center of Hawaii. On the waterfront is [[Aloha Tower]], which for many years was the tallest building in Hawaii. Currently the tallest building is the {{convert|438|ft|m|0|sing=on}}-tall [[First Hawaiian Center]], located on King and Bishop Streets ([http://www.lightfantastic.org/imr/places/firsthawaiiancenter.html]). * '''[[The Arts District Honolulu]]''' in downtown/Chinatown is on the eastern edge of Chinatown. It is a 12-block area bounded by Bethel & Smith Streets and Nimitz Highway and Beretania Street - home to numerous arts and cultural institutions. It is located within the Chinatown Historic District. [http://www.artsdistricthonolulu.com] * The '''Capitol District''' is the eastern part of Downtown Honolulu. It is the current and historic center of Hawaii's state government, incorporating the [[Hawaii State Capitol]], [[Iolani Palace]], [[Honolulu Hale]] (City Hall), State Library, and the statue of King [[Kamehameha I]], along with numerous government buildings. * '''[[Kakaako|Kaka{{okina}}ako]]''' is a light-industrial district between Downtown and Waikīkī that has seen a large-scale redevelopment effort in the past decade. It is home to two major shopping areas, [[Ward Warehouse]] and [[Ward Centre]]. The [[John A. Burns School of Medicine]], part of the [[University of Hawai'i at Manoa|University of Hawai{{okina}}i at Manoa]] is also located there. A Memorial to the [[USS Greeneville (SSN-772)|''Ehime Maru'' Incident]] victims is built at Kakaako Waterfront Park. * '''[[Waikiki|Waikīkī]]''' is the world famous tourist district of Honolulu, located between the [[Ala Wai Canal]] and the [[Pacific Ocean]] next to [[Diamond Head, Hawaii|Diamond Head]]. Numerous hotels, shops, and nightlife opportunities are located along Kalakaua and Kuhio Avenues. World-famous '''Waikīkī Beach''' attracts millions of visitors a year. Just west of Waikīkī is [[Ala Moana Center]], the world's largest open-air shopping center. A majority of the hotel rooms on Oahu are located in Waikīkī. [[Image:DwntwnfmCapitol.jpg|right|thumb|Downtown Honolulu as seen from the Capitol District]] * '''[[Manoa]]''' and '''[[Makiki]]''' are residential neighborhoods located in adjacent valleys just inland of downtown and Waikīkī. Manoa Valley is home to the main campus of the [[University of Hawaii|University of Hawai{{okina}}i]]. * '''Nu{{okina}}uanu''' and '''Pauoa''' are upper-middle-class residential districts located inland of downtown Honolulu. The [[National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific]] is located in [[Punchbowl Crater]] fronting Pauoa Valley. * '''Palolo''' and '''Kaimuki''' are neighborhoods east of Manoa and Makiki, inland from Diamond Head. Palolo Valley parallels Manoa and is a residential neighborhood. Kaimuki is primarily a residential neighborhood with a commercial strip centered on Waialae Avenue running behind Diamond Head. Chaminade University is located in Kaimuki. * '''Waialae''' and '''Kahala''' are the upper-class districts of Honolulu located directly east of Diamond Head, where there are many high-priced homes. Also found in these neighborhoods are the [[Waialae Country Club]] and [[Kahala Mandarin Oriental Hotel|The Kahala Hotel & Resort]]. * '''East Honolulu''' includes the residential communities of '''{{okina}}Āina Haina''', '''Niu Valley''', and '''[[Hawaii Kai, Hawaii|Hawai{{okina}}i Kai]]'''. These are considered upper-middle-class neighborhoods. The upscale gated communities of Wai{{okina}}alae {{okina}}iki and Hawai{{okina}}i Loa Ridge are also located here. [[Image:Honolulu Downtown.jpg|right|thumb|View of downtown Honolulu at Bishop and King streets with First Hawaiian Center building (left) and Bank of Hawaii (right)]] * '''[[Kalihi|Kalihi and Palama]]''' are working-class neighborhoods with a number of government housing developments. Lower Kalihi, toward the ocean, is a light-industrial district. * '''[[Salt Lake, Hawaii|Salt Lake]]''' and Aliamanu are (mostly) residential areas built in extinct [[volcanic cone|tuff cones]] along the western end of the Honolulu District, not far from the [[Honolulu International Airport]]. * '''[[Moanalua]]''' is two neighborhoods and a valley at the western end of Honolulu, and home to [[Tripler Army Medical Center]]. ==Demographics== As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of [[United States Census, 2000|2000]], there were 371,657 people, 140,337 households, and 87,429 families residing in the CDP. The [[population density]] was 4,336.6 people per square mile (1,674.4/km²). There were 158,663 housing units at an average density of 1,851.3/sq&nbsp;mi (714.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 19.67% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.62% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.19% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 55.85% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 6.85% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.89% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]]; and 14.93% from two or more races. [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Hispanic]] or [[Race (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 4.37% of the population. There were 140,337 households out of which 23.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.7% were non-families. 29.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size is 3.23. In the CDP the population was spread out with 19.2% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $45,112, and the median income for a family was $56,311. Males had a median income of $36,631 versus $29,930 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the CDP was $24,191. About 7.9% of families and 11.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 14.6% of those under the age of 18 and 8.5% of those 65 and older. ==Transportation== [[Image:Honoluluviewfromhnlairport.JPG|thumb|right|View of Honolulu skyline from Honolulu Airport.]] [[Image:Interstate H-1.jpg|thumb|right|Interstate H-1 eastbound into Honolulu.]] ===Air=== Located on the western end of Honolulu proper, [[Honolulu International Airport]] (HNL) is the principal aviation gateway to the state of Hawaii. ===Highways=== Several [[freeway]]s serve Honolulu: * '''[[Interstate H-1]]''', which, coming into the city from the west, passes [[Hickam Air Force Base]] and Honolulu International Airport, runs just north of Downtown and continues eastward through Makiki and Kaimuki, ending at Waialae/Kahala. H-1 connects to '''[[Interstate H-2]]''' from [[Wahiawa]] and '''[[Interstate H-3]]''' from [[Kaneohe, Hawaii|Kaneohe]], west of the city proper. * '''[[Interstate H-201]]'''&mdash;also known as the '''Moanalua Freeway''' and formerly numbered Hawaii State Rte. 78&mdash;connects two points along H-1: at [[Aloha Stadium]] and [[Fort Shafter]]. Close to H-1 and Aloha Stadium, H-2 has an exchange with the western terminus of '''[[Interstate H-3]]''' to the windward side of Oahu ([[Kaneohe, Hawaii|Kaneohe]]). This complex of connecting ramps, some directly between H-1 and H-3, is in [[Halawa, Hawaii|Halawa]]. * '''[[Interstate H-2]]''' runs from [[Pearl City]], through [[Waipio]] and [[Mililani]], to [[Wahiawa]] and dissolves into a highway (Wilikina Drive) near the military base, U.S. Army base [[Schofield Barracks]] and Army Airfield [[Wheeler Army Airfield|Wheeler]]. The interstate is a convenient way to get to the island's [[North Shore (Oahu)|North Shore]]. * '''[[Interstate H-3]]''' is also known as the John A. Burns Freeway, and runs from the H-1 in Honolulu to the community of Kane'ohe. Despite the number, signage is that of an east-west highway. However, most residents would consider the route to run north and south: from the windward (northeast) coast to the south side of the island. Other major highways that link Honolulu proper with other parts of the Island of Oahu are: * '''[[Pali Highway]]''', State Rte. 61, crosses north over the Koolau range via the Pali Tunnels to connect to [[Kailua, Hawaii|Kailua]] and [[Kaneohe, Hawaii|Kaneohe]] on the windward side of the Island. * '''[[Likelike Highway]]''', State Rte. 63, also crosses the Koolau to Kaneohe via the Wilson Tunnels. * '''Kalanianaole Highway''', State Rte. 72, runs eastward from Waialae/Kahala to [[Hawaii Kai, Hawaii|Hawaii Kai]] and around the east end of the island to [[Waimanalo Beach, Hawaii|Waimanalo Beach]]. * '''[[Kamehameha Highway]]''', State Rte. 99, runs westward from near [[Hickam Air Force Base]] to [[Aiea, Hawaii|Aiea]] and beyond, eventually running through the center of the island and ending in [[Kaneohe, Hawaii|Kaneohe]]. Like most major American cities, the Honolulu metropolitan area experiences heavy traffic congestion during rush hours, especially to and from the western suburbs of Kapolei, Ewa, [[Aiea]], [[Pearl City]], [[Waipahu]], and [[Mililani]]. Land for expanding road capacity is at a premium everywhere on Oahu. ===Public transportation=== ====Bus==== Established by former Mayor [[Frank F. Fasi]], Honolulu's [[public transit]] system has been twice honored by the [[American Public Transportation Association]] bestowing the title of "America's Best Transit System" for 1994&ndash;1995 and 2000&ndash;2001. Oahu Transit Services' "[[TheBus]]" operates 107 routes with a fleet of 525 buses. In 2004, construction had started on a [[bus rapid transit]] (BRT) system using dedicated rights-of-way for buses. The system, proposed by former Mayor [[Jeremy Harris]], was expected to link the Iwilei neighborhood with [[Waikiki]]. However, current Mayor [[Mufi Hannemann]] has largely dismantled the BRT system and deployed its buses along other express bus routes. ====Rail==== Currently, there is no railway system in Honolulu. The last major attempt was called the Honolulu Area Rail Rapid Transit project. Popularly known as HART, the twenty-one station rail system almost came to fruition before Mayor [[Eileen Anderson]] cancelled the project in [[1981]] and returned grants and funding to their sources<ref>{{cite news | coauthors = William D. Middleton | title = Honolulu: trains at last? | publisher = ''[[Railway Age]]'' | date = [[November]], [[1990]] | url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1215/is_n11_v191/ai_9205644/pg_1 | accessdate = 2008-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | coauthors = William D. Middleton | title = Honolulu's mayor ends proposal for rail line in downtown area | publisher = ''[[New York Times]]'' | date = [[June 28]], [[1981]] | url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20612F83A5C0C7B8EDDAF0894D9484D81 | accessdate = 2008-01-20}}</ref>, arguing the project would break her vow of fiscal responsibility<ref name="American Women">{{cite book | last = Leavitt | first = Judith A. | title = American Women Managers and Administrators | publisher = [[Greenwood Press]] | date = 1985 | pages = pp. 8-9 | isbn = 0313237484}}</ref>. Several attempts had been made since Anderson's cancellation of HART to construct a fixed rail mass transit system. All attempts stalled in Honolulu City Council hearings. In [[2004]], the city, county and state approved development of an action plan for a system to be built in several phases. The initial line proposed linking Kapolei in West Oahu to the [[University of Hawaii at Manoa]]. However, on [[December 22]], [[2006]] the city council approved a fixed-guideway system meant to accommodate either rail or buses, running from [[Kapolei, Hawaii|Kapolei]] in West Oahu to [[Ala Moana]], with spurs into [[Waikiki]] and [[Manoa]]. ==Cultural institutions== [[Image:First Hawaiian Center Tower in Honolulu, Hawaii USA.jpg|thumb|275px|With symbolic native-styled architectural features, the First Hawaiian Center is the tallest building in Hawaii and home to a Contemporary Museum gallery.]] ===Performing arts=== Established in 1900, the [[Honolulu Symphony]] is the oldest US symphony orchestra west of the Rocky Mountains. Other classical music ensembles include the [[Hawaii Opera Theatre]]. Honolulu is also a center for [[Hawaiian music]]. The main music venues include the [[Neal Blaisdell Center]] Concert Hall, the [[Waikiki Shell]], and the [[Hawaii Theatre]]. Honolulu also includes several venues for live [[theater]], including the [[Diamond Head Theatre]] and the [[Manoa Valley Theatre]]. [[Honolulu Theatre for Youth]], a professional ensemble with extensive education and outreach commitments, also performs in various venues throughout Honolulu. ===Visual arts=== There are various institutions supported by the state and private entities for the advancement of the visual arts. The [[Honolulu Academy of Arts]] is endowed with the largest collection of Asian and Western art in Hawaii. It also has the largest collection of Islamic art, housed at the [[Shangri La (Doris Duke)|Shangri La]] estate. The academy hosts a film and video program dedicated to arthouse and world cinema in the museum's Doris Duke Theatre, named for the academy's historic patroness [[Doris Duke]]. The [[Contemporary Museum]] is the only [[contemporary art]] [[museum]] in the state. It has two locations: main campus in [[Makiki]] and a multi-level gallery in [[downtown Honolulu]] at the [[First Hawaiian Center]]. The [[Hawaii State Art Museum]] is also located in downtown Honolulu at No. 1 Capitol District Building and boasts a collection of art pieces created by local artists as well as traditional [[Hawaiian art]]. The museum is administered by the Hawaii State Foundation on Culture and the Arts. Downtown Honolulu hosts a monthly art walk on the first Friday of each month which features the state museum, among other galleries. ===Natural museums=== Recognized internationally as the premier cultural institution of Hawaii, the [[Bishop Museum]] is the largest of Honolulu's museums. It is endowed with the state's largest collection of natural history specimens and the world's largest collection of Hawaiiana and Pacific culture artifacts. The [[Honolulu Zoo]] is the main [[zoology|zoological]] institution in Hawaii while the [[Waikiki Aquarium]] is a working [[marine biology]] laboratory. The Waikiki Aquarium is partnered with the [[University of Hawaii]] and other universities worldwide. Established for appreciation and [[botany]], Honolulu is home to several gardens: [[Foster Botanical Garden]], [[Liliʻuokalani Botanical Garden|Liliuokalani Botanical Garden]], [[Walker Estate]], among others. ===Other museums and cultural centers=== * The Arts District Honolulu ([http://www.artsdistricthonolulu.com]) is located on the eastern edge of Chinatown and in old town Honolulu. In a span of just over 12 blocks, over 25 arts-related businesses, two theaters, two performance art venues, an alternative movie theater, and some of Honolulu’s trendiest nightclubs and restaurants coexist in buildings built at the end of the19th century. ===Sports=== [[Image:DSC00422.JPG|thumb|right|Aloha Stadium]] Currently, Honolulu has no professional sports teams. However, Honolulu hosts the [[National Football League|NFL]]'s annual [[Pro Bowl]] each February in addition to the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] football [[Hawaii Bowl]]. Fans of spectator sports in Honolulu generally support the [[American football|football]], [[volleyball]], [[basketball]], and [[baseball]] programs of the [[University of Hawaii at Manoa]]. High school sporting events, especially football, are especially popular. Venues for spectator sports in Honolulu include: * [[Aloha Stadium]] ([[American football|football]]) * [[Les Murakami Stadium]] at UH-Manoa ([[baseball]]) * [[Stan Sheriff Center]] at UH-Manoa ([[basketball]] and [[volleyball]]) * [[Neal Blaisdell Center]] Arena ([[basketball]]) Honolulu's mild climate lends itself to year-round fitness activities as well. In 2004, ''[[Men's Fitness]]'' magazine named Honolulu the [[physical fitness|fittest]] city in the U.S. Honolulu is also home to three large [[road running|road race]]s: * The [[Great Aloha Run]] is held annually on [[Presidents' Day (United States)|Presidents' Day]]. * The [[Honolulu Marathon]], held annually on the second Sunday in December, draws more than 20,000 participants each year, about half to two thirds of them from [[Japan]]. * The [[Honolulu Triathlon]] is an Olympic distance [[triathlon]] event governed by [[USA Triathlon]]. Held annually in May since [[2004]], there is an absence of a sprint course. ===Former professional franchises=== *[[Hawaii Islanders]] ([[Pacific Coast League]], 1961-1987) *[[Hawaiian Islanders]] ([[af2]], 2002-2004) *[[Team Hawaii]] ([[North American Soccer League]], 1977) *[[The Hawaiians]] ([[World Football League]], 1974-1975) ==Media== ===Newspapers=== Honolulu is served by two daily newspapers: the ''[[Honolulu Advertiser]]'' and the ''[[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]]''. It is one of the few cities of its size in the U.S. to have more than one daily newspaper. ===Magazines=== Honolulu has the longest established magazine west of the Mississippi, [[Honolulu Magazine]], the only city magazine in the state of Hawai‘i. ===Television=== {{main|List of television stations in Hawaii}}<ref>[http://www.hawaiiradiotv.com Hawaii Radio & Television Guide — Connecting the World to Hawaii’s Broadcast & Cable Media Resources<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ====Full Power TV Stations==== (Digital channel carrier in parenthesis. KKAI and KUPU will not be digital until 2009.) *2 (22) [[KHON]] ([[Fox Broadcasting Company|FOX]]; [[The CW Television Network|The CW]] on DT2) *4 (40) [[KITV]] ([[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]; [[The AccuWeather Channel]] on DT2) *5 (23) [[KFVE]] ([[MyNetworkTV]]; [[The Tube]] on DT2) *9 (8) [[KGMB]] ([[CBS]]) *11 (18) [[KHET]] ([[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]) *13 (35) [[KHNL]] ([[NBC]]; [[NBC Weather Plus]] on DT2) *14 (31) [[KWHE]] (Independent Religious) *20 (19) [[KIKU]] (Independent Asian) *26 (27) [[KAAH]] ([[Trinity Broadcasting Network|TBN]]) *32 (33) [[KBFD]] (Independent Asian) *38 (39) [[KALO]] (Independent Religious) *44 (43) [[KWBN]] ([[Daystar]]) *50 (50) [[KKAI]] ([[Faith TV]]) *56 (38) [[KUPU]] (Independent Religious/Pacific Islander) *66 (41) [[KPXO]] ([[ION Television|ION]]) ====Low-power TV channels==== *42 [[K42CO]] *46 [[KHLU-LP]] ([[Univision]]) *48 [[KHHI]]-LP ([[Home Shopping Network|HSN]]) *64 [[K64FN]] ===Radio stations=== {{main|List of radio stations in Hawaii}} ====17 AM radio stations==== *590 [[KSSK-FM|KSSK]] Adult Contemporary *650 [[KRTR (AM)|KRTR]] Soft Adult Contemporary *690 [[KHCM]] Country *760 [[KGU]] Religious (Hawaii's first radio station) *830 [[KHVH]] News/Talk *870 [[KAIM]] Silent *940 [[KKNE]] Traditional Hawaiian *990 [[KHBZ]] Talk *1040 [[KLHT]] Religious *1080 [[KWAI]] Talk *1130 [[KRUD]] New;TBA *1170 [[KORL (AM)|KORL]] Brokered *1210 [[KZOO]] Japanese Pop *1270 [[KNDI]] Ethnic *1370 [[KUPA]] Silent *1420 [[KKEA]] Sports *1460 [[KHRA]] Korean *1500 [[KUMU (AM)|KUMU]] Talk *1540 [[KREA]] Korean ====FM radio stations==== *88.1 [[KHPR]] Classical, News ([[National Public Radio]]) *89.3 [[Hawaii Public Radio|KIPO]] News, Information, Jazz ([[National Public Radio]]) *90.3 [[KTUH]] Modern Rock, Progressive music *92.3 [[KSSK-FM|KSSK]] Adult Contemporary *93.1 [[KQMQ]] Top 40 *93.9 [[KIKI (FM)|KIKI]] Rhythmic Top 40 *94.7 [[KUMU-FM]] Adult Contemporary *95.5 [[KAIM-FM]] Contemporary Christian *96.3 [[KRTR-FM]] Adult Top 40 *97.5 [[KHNR]] Talk *98.5 [[KDNN]] Hawaiian Contemporary *99.5 [[KHUI]] Adult Standards, Oldies *100.3 [[KCCN]] Hawaiian Top 40 *101.1 [[KLHI]] Modern Rock *101.1 [[KXRG-LP]] Dance *101.9 [[KUCD]] Modern Rock *102.7 [[KDDB]] Rhythmic Top 40 *103.7 Christian Rock *104.3 [[KPHW]] Rhythmic Top 40 *105.1 [[KINE-FM|KINE]] Traditional Hawaiian *105.9 [[KPOI]] Classic Rock *107.9 [[KGMZ]] Oldies ===Cable and satellite television=== Oceanic-Time Warner Cable (a division of [[Time Warner Cable]]) is the primary cable television carrier in the Honolulu metropolitan area. Satellite television ([[DIRECTV]], [[Dish Network]], some [[C-Band]]) is also available as an alternative. ==Tourist attractions== *[[Ala Moana Center|Ala Moana]] *[[Aloha Tower]] *[[Bishop Museum]] *[[Diamond Head, Hawaii|Diamond Head]] *[[Hanauma Bay]] *[[Honolulu Academy of Arts]] *[[ʻIolani Palace]] *[[Lyon Arboretum]] *[[National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific]] *[[USS Arizona Memorial]] *[[Waikiki Aquarium]] *[[Waikiki|Waikiki Beach]] {{See also|Oahu}} ==Colleges & universities== *[[University of Hawaii|University of Hawaii Manoa]] *[[Chaminade University of Honolulu|Chaminade University]] *[[Hawaii Pacific University]] *[[Brigham Young University Hawaii|Brigham Young University&ndash;Hawaii]] (Laie) ==Sister cities== Honolulu currently has 28 [[Town twinning|sister cities]].<ref>[http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/usa/HI], List of Sister Cities for the state of Hawaii, including Honolulu, from [[Sister Cities International]]</ref> They are: {{col-begin}} {{col-break}} * [[Image:Flag of the Philippines.svg|border|20px]] - [[Baguio]], [[Philippines]] * [[Image:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|border|20px]] - [[Baku]], [[Azerbaijan]] * [[Image:Flag of France.svg|border|20px]] - [[Bruyeres]], [[France]] * [[Image:Flag of Venezuela.svg|border|20px]] - [[Caracas]], [[Venezuela]] * [[Image:Flag of the Philippines.svg|border|20px]] - [[Cebu City]], [[Philippines]] * [[Image:Flag of Portugal.svg|border|20px]] - [[Funchal]], [[Portugal]] * [[Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|border|20px]] - [[Hainan Island]], the [[People's Republic of China]] * [[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|border|20px]] - [[Hiroshima]], [[Japan]] * [[Image:Flag of Vietnam.svg|border|20px]] - [[Hue City]], [[Vietnam]] {{col-break}} * [[Image:Flag of South Korea.svg|border|20px]] - [[Incheon]], [[South Korea]] * [[Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|border|20px]] - [[Kaohsiung Municipality]], [[Taiwan]] * [[Image:Flag of the Philippines.svg|border|20px]] - [[Laoag City]], [[Philippines]] * [[Image:Flag of the Philippines.svg|border|20px]] - [[Manila]], [[Philippines]] * [[Image:Flag of Kenya.svg|border|20px]] - [[Mombasa]], [[Kenya]] * [[Image:Flag of Canada.svg|border|20px]] - [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]], [[Canada]]{{Fact|date=February 2008}} * [[Image:Flag of India.svg|border|20px]] - [[Mumbai]], [[India]] * [[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|border|20px]] - [[Naha City]], [[Okinawa]], [[Japan]] * [[Image:Flag of the Philippines.svg|border|20px]] - [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]], [[Philippines]] {{col-break}} * [[Image:Flag of Puerto Rico.svg|border|20px]] - [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]], [[Puerto Rico]] * [[Image:Flag of the Philippines.svg|border|20px]] - [[Santiago, Ilocos Sur|Santiago]], [[Philippines]] * [[Image:Flag of South Korea.svg|border|20px]] - [[Seoul]], [[South Korea]] * [[Image:Flag of Portugal.svg|border|20px]] - [[Sintra]], [[Portugal]] * [[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|border|20px]] - [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]] * [[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|border|20px]] - [[Uwajima]], [[Japan]] * [[Image:Flag of the Philippines.svg|border|20px]] - [[Vigan City]], [[Philippines]] * [[Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|border|20px]] - [[Zhongshan City]], the [[People's Republic of China]] * [[Image:Flag of Morocco.svg|border|20px]] - [[Rabat]], [[Kingdom of Morocco]] since 10 March 2006 * [[Image:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|border|20px]] - [[Santo Domingo]], [[Dominican Republic]] {{col-end}} {{Panorama simple |image = Image:Honolulu waterfront.JPG |fullwidth = 2000 |fullheight = 152 |caption = Panorama of Honolulu's waterfront. |height = 152 }} ==References== {{reflist}} # [http://www.HONOLULUADVERTISER.com/localnews/ ''Honolulu Advertiser''], Section B. Monday, June 7, 2004. Estimated student body size and annual tuition for selected colleges on Oahu. </div> ==External links== {{commonscat|Honolulu, Hawaii}} *{{wikitravel}} *[http://www.honolulu.gov City & County of Honolulu] official site *[http://www.gohawaii.com/ Hawaii Vistors and Convention Bureau] *[http://www.hnlnow.com/events/main.php Hawaii Events and Nightlife Calendar] *[http://www.eng.hawaii.edu/Trafficam/ Honolulu Traffic Information Center (includes camera links)] *[http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/ National Weather Service Honolulu office] *[http://www.lcc.hawaii.edu/org/th/index.php?q=front_page Hawaii Community Theatre Web Index] *[http://www.artsdistricthonolulu.com The Arts District Honolulu] {{Geolinks-US-cityscale|21.30895|-157.826182}} {{Hawaii}} {{Honolulu County, Hawaii}} {{United States state capitals}} {{USLargestCities}} [[Category:Census-designated places in Hawaii]] [[Category:Oahu]] [[Category:Capitals of former nations]] [[Category:Honolulu, Hawaii| ]] [[Category:Neighborhoods in Honolulu|Honolulu]] [[Category:County seats in Hawaii]] [[Category:United States communities with Asian American majority populations]] [[Category:Settlements established in 1809]] [[af:Honolulu]] [[ar:هونولولو، هاواي]] [[bs:Honolulu]] [[br:Honolulu, Hawaii]] [[bg:Хонолулу]] [[ca:Honolulu]] [[cs:Honolulu]] [[da:Honolulu]] [[de:Honolulu]] [[et:Honolulu]] [[el:Χονολουλού]] [[es:Honolulu]] [[eo:Honolulu (Havajo)]] [[eu:Honolulu]] [[fa:هونولولو]] [[fo:Honolulu]] [[fr:Honolulu]] [[gl:Honolulu]] [[ko:호놀룰루]] [[haw:Honolulu]] [[hr:Honolulu, Havaji]] [[io:Honolulu]] [[ilo:Honolulu, Hawaii]] [[id:Honolulu]] [[ia:Honolulu, Hawaii]] [[it:Honolulu]] [[he:הונולולו]] [[pam:Honolulu, Hawaii]] [[ka:ჰონოლულუ]] [[ku:Honolulu]] [[la:Honolulu]] [[lt:Honolulu]] [[hu:Honolulu]] [[nl:Honolulu]] [[ja:ホノルル]] [[no:Honolulu]] [[nn:Honolulu]] [[oc:Honolulu]] [[pl:Honolulu]] [[pt:Honolulu]] [[ro:Honolulu, Hawaii]] [[ru:Гонолулу]] [[scn:Honolulu]] [[simple:Honolulu, Hawaii]] [[sk:Honolulu]] [[sr:Хонолулу]] [[fi:Honolulu]] [[sv:Honolulu]] [[ta:ஹொனலுலு]] [[th:โฮโนลูลู]] [[vi:Honolulu, Hawaii]] [[tr:Honolulu, Hawaii]] [[uk:Гонолулу]] [[vo:Honolulu]] [[zh:檀香山]]